近红外光谱法快速测定六味地黄丸中马钱苷

目的利用近红外光谱(NIRS)法快速测定不同厂家浓缩六味地黄丸中马钱苷。方法利用HPLC法测定六味地黄丸中马钱苷,运用偏最小二乘法建立NIRS与HPLC测定值之间的多元校正模型。结果马钱苷定量校正模型的内部交叉验证均方差RMSECV为0.049 3,决定系数R2为96.62,对预测集进行预测,预测值与真实值的相关系数r2=97.17,预测均方差RMSEP为0.038 9,方法精密度RSD为1.99%,稳定性RSD为1.13%。结论 NIRS法可准确测定马钱苷,为中成药的快速、无损定量分析提供了依据。     

近红外光谱对热毒宁注射液栀子萃取过程中的可行性分析

目的:对近红外光谱(NIR)分析技术在热毒宁注射液栀子萃取过程中可行性进行分析研究。方法:收集7批共147个栀子萃取液样品,扫描NIR离线光谱,测定栀子苷含量和固含量,应用偏最小二乘法建立定量校正模型,并用此模型进行预测。结果:建立的栀子苷和固含量模型校正集R2分别为0.987 2,0.994 7,RMSEC分别为1.460 9,2.367 7,说明所建模型性能良好。该模型对20个栀子萃取液样品进行预测,栀子苷和固含量的R2分别为0.980 7和0.986 1,RMSEP分别为1.827 5和7.307 7,RSEP分别为3.08%和5.29%均小于6%,能够满足中药生产过程中质量控制要求。结论:建立的近红外离线定量模型可以准确预测栀子苷含量和固含量,证实了NIR技术在热毒宁注射液栀子萃取过程应用的可行性。     

Iridoid glycosides extracted from Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae) decrease collagen-induced platelet aggregation and reduce carotid artery thrombosis in an in vivo rat model

Objective

To investigate the anti-platelet aggregation and antithrombotic effects in rats of iridoid glycosides extracted from Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae).

Methods

The present study evaluated the antithrombotic activity of iridoid glycosides (IGs) in a rat model of carotid artery thrombosis. The effects on coagulation, such as thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT), and the effect on collagen-induced platelet aggregation in vivo were investigated. Rats were intragastrically administered IGs (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg) twice daily for 3 days.

Results

IGs were shown for the first time to have an antithrombotic action through the inhibition of platelet aggregation, with little effect on the coagulation time of peripheral blood. Our results also showed that IGs may significantly and dose-dependently reduce arterial thrombus load in a model of carotid artery thrombosis and inhibit collagen-induced platelet aggregation in rats. IGs (100 or 200 mg/kg) had no significant effect on APTT and PT, but did lengthen TT at a higher dose.

Conclusion

These data, together with the previously reported neuroprotective effects of IGs in rats with cerebral ischemia, suggest that the antithrombotic action of IGs may potentially contribute to the treatment of cerebral ischemic diseases, including cerebral apoplexy.     

HPLC指纹图谱结合化学模式识别评价舒筋活血制剂的整体质量

目的建立舒筋活血制剂(舒筋活血胶囊、舒筋活血片)HPLC指纹图谱的方法,为其整体质量评价提供参考。方法色谱柱为Agilent Poroshell 120 SB-C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,2.7μm),以乙腈-0.2%甲酸水溶液为流动相,进行梯度洗脱;体积流量0.5mL/min,检测波长277nm,柱温30℃。采用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统"(2012版)考察23批舒筋活血制剂的相似度,结合主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、聚类分析(cluster analysis,CA)以及正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)对舒筋活血制剂进行整体质量评价。结果舒筋活血制剂的HPLC指纹图谱中18批样品(S1～S17和S23)的相似度0.900,通过PCA、CA和OPLS-DA,23批样品聚成3类,S1～S16来自同一厂家为一类;S23和S17为一类;S18～S22为一类,并从10个共有峰中确定差异较大的4个共有峰,分别为1、3(5-羟甲基糠醛)、6(苯乙酸)和10(4-甲氧基水杨醛)号峰。结论所建立的指纹图谱结合化学模式识别方法稳定、简单,可用于评价舒筋活血制剂质量。     

Reproductive outcomes after hydatiform mole and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia

Abstract

Gestational trophoblastic disease includes complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) or partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Given the very high-curability rate of trophoblastic disease, the risk of further molar pregnancy after CHM or PHM as well as the risk of second primary tumors and fertility compromise after chemotherapy for GTN represent major concerns. The incidence of subsequent molar pregnancy ranges from 0.7 to 2.6% after one CHM or PHM, and is approximately 10% after two previous CHMs. Among patients who have received chemotherapy, there is an increased risk of myeloid leukemia which is mainly related to the cumulative dose of etoposide. Resumption of normal menses occurs in approximately 95% of women treated with chemotherapy, but menopause occurs 3 years earlier compared with those non-treated with chemotherapy. Term live birth rates higher than 70% without increased risk of congenital abnormalities have been reported in these women, and pregnancy outcomes are comparable to those of general population, except a slightly increased risk of stillbirth. Fertility-sparing treatment for placental site trophoblastic tumor is a therapeutic option reserved to highly selected, young women who do not present markedly enlarged uterus or diffuse multifocal disease within the uterus.     

还原型谷胱甘肽对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作期患者血气指标的影响

目的:探讨还原型谷胱甘肽对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期患者血气指标的影响。方法:将40例符合入选标准的COPD急性发作期患者,随机均分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组患者除给予常规治疗外,加用注射用还原型谷胱甘肽2.4g·d-1,加入到5%葡萄糖溶液250mL中静脉滴注,qd,连用10d;对照组仅给予常规治疗。观察治疗前后2组患者动脉血气指标、6min步行试验及主观感觉的变化。结果:治疗10d后,2组患者动脉血氧分压(PaO2)均较治疗前有显著提高,动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且2组间PaO2、PaCO2改善情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组显著优于对照组。结论:COPD患者体内存在氧化-抗氧化失衡,治疗中加用还原型谷胱甘肽可对抗机体氧化损伤,改善患者缺氧状况。     

脂血标本高速离心对凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间的影响

目的：探讨脂血标本高速离心对凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间的影响。方法：选择2019年3月—2021年3月收集的脂血标本60例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组脂血标本进行常规低速离心,观察组脂血标本进行高速离心。检测两组离心后下层血浆,对比凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间。结果：观察组凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：对脂血标本高速离心后进行检测可获得更为准确的凝血指标结果。     

肺切除加左心房部分切除治疗局部晚期肺癌

目的总结左心房部分切除技术治疗局部晚期肺癌的临床经验。方法1997年7月～2008年8月,40例肿瘤累及左心房的局部晚期肺癌在我科接受手术治疗。术中采用心耳钳钳夹左心房壁,在距肿瘤边缘0.5～1cm处切除部分左心房壁,其中5例联合切除部分食管肌层,整块切除肺肿瘤。左心房切缘用3-0无损伤线或4-0普罗纶线连续来回缝合。术前诱导化疗11例,术后化疗23例,其中1例联合放疗。结果术后心律失常3例,其中伴有心肺功能不全1例。无手术死亡,全组病例均治愈出院。术后病理：鳞癌22例,小细胞癌10例,小细胞癌伴鳞癌1例,腺癌3例,腺鳞癌3例,未分类1例。术后1、3、5年生存率分别为80.6%（29/36）、37.0%（10/27）和38.9%（7/18）。结论肺切除加左心房部分切除治疗局部晚期肺癌具有较好的临床疗效,部分病例可因此获得治愈。     

不同产地麦冬1H-NMR模式识别研究

目的 建立一种基于氢核磁共振-模式识别的不同产地麦冬鉴别新方法 .方法 以1H-NMR技术测定样品的全成分信息,并转化成数据矩阵,采用模式识别法中的主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法-N别分析(PLS-DA)以及聚类分析(HCA)进行识别分析.结果 氢核磁共振-模式识别法能有效地鉴别不同产地的麦冬样本.结论 氢核磁共振-模式识别法是一种有效的药材分类鉴别方法 ,可作为药材质量控制的手段之一.     

不同生长期当归红外光谱的偏最小二乘分析

目的:研究偏最小二乘(PLS)方法在不同生长期当归傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)分析中的应用.方法:使用正交信号校正及小波压缩(OSCW)对原始FT-IR信号进行预处理,然后对预处理后的光谱信号进行PLS分析,提取前2个主成分对3种不同生长期的当归进行聚类.结果:3种生长期的当归被正确地分为3类,聚类结果与当归的生长期密切相关,反映了不同生长期当归在主要化学成分含量上存在一定的差异.结论:对光谱信号进行正交信号校正及小波压缩处理能够有效降低光谱信号的噪声,有助于提高聚类性能.