Protective effects of beet (Beta vulgaris) leaves extract against oxidative stress in endothelial cells in vitro

Beetroot is an herb used worldwide as a food product, raw material for food industry, ethanol production and source of food coloring. Beet leaves are an unconventional food with antioxidant properties, which might neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by oxidized Low‐Density Lipoprotein (LDL) present in dyslipidemias. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of beet leaves on the suppression of LDL oxidative processes. Beet leaves extract was produced, characterized, and tested for its antioxidant capacity using endothelial cells in vitro. A model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was used in various tests, including viability assay, molecular analysis of antioxidant genes, ROS labeling, and macrophage adhesion assay. The extract improved the antioxidative protection of endothelial cells against different agents including oxidized LDL‐cholesterol and H₂O₂. It acted on ROS directly due to its high content of natural antioxidants, but also due to the activation and improvement of cellular defenses such as Superoxide dismutase 1, Superoxide dismutase 2, and catalase. The inhibition of LDL‐mediated oxidative effects on endothelial cells may turn this unconventional food a functional food with great potential for phytotherapy of atherosclerosis as an adjuvant for medicinal treatments.     

一测多评法同时测定不同采收期杜仲叶中4种黄酮

目的建立一测多评法同时测定不同采收期杜仲叶中槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷、芦丁、异槲皮苷和紫云英苷的含有量。方法杜仲叶50%甲醇提取物的分析采用Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;体积流量1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长360 nm。以槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷为内标,计算芦丁、异槲皮苷、紫云英苷的相对校正因子,计算其他3种成分的相对校正因子,再测定其含有量。结果槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷、芦丁、异槲皮苷、紫云英苷分别在5.37~161.00(r=0.999 9)、0.43~12.84(r=0.999 9)、1.58~47.33(r=0.999 8)、0.42~12.65(r=0.999 7)μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率分别为97.27%、96.10%、95.30%、96.72%,RSD分别为1.90%、1.12%、1.07%、1.37%。一测多评法所得结果接近于外标法。结论该方法准确稳定,重复性好,可用于杜仲叶的质量控制。     

植物-土壤反馈对刺五加幼苗次生代谢产物的影响

目的:研究植物-土壤反馈对刺五加幼苗根、茎、叶次生代谢产物的影响。方法:通过温室盆栽试验,分别对未种植过刺五加的土壤(1组),连续3年种植刺五加的土壤(2组)和多年种植刺五加的土壤(3组),分别种植刺五加1年生幼苗,并对其根、茎、叶的次生代谢产物进行分析。结果:L-苯丙氨酸,原儿茶酸,刺五加苷B,绿原酸,咖啡酸,刺五加苷E,异嗪皮啶,芦丁,金丝桃苷,槲皮素在多年生长刺五加土壤种植,对刺五加幼苗叶和根均有显著性差异,但在茎中绿原酸和刺五加苷E无显著性差异。其中刺五加苷E,异嗪皮啶,芦丁和金丝桃苷在多年生刺五加土壤种植的幼苗叶中未检出。在刺五加幼苗的根中,多数次生代谢产物呈现正反馈;在刺五加幼苗的茎中,咖啡酸,刺五加苷E,金丝桃苷,槲皮素呈现负反馈;在刺五加幼苗的叶中多数次生代谢产物呈现正反馈。结论:植物和土壤在刺五加幼苗生长过程不同部位呈现出不同的反馈情况,整体而言,未种植过刺五加的土壤对刺五加幼苗的次生代谢产物更具优势。研究结果为阐述植物-土壤反馈对刺五加的影响提供研究基础,并为人工栽培刺五加提供了理论依据和技术支持。     

Olea europea L. Leaves and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Petals Extracts: Herbal Mix from Cardiovascular Network Target to Gut Motility Dysfunction Application

It is well known that diet and nutrition play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of many disorders. On the other hand, nutrients or bioactive compounds can specifically target and control various aspects of the mechanism underlying the pathology itself, and, in this context, diseases related to intestinal motility disorders stand out. The Herbal Mix (HM) consisting of Olea europea L. leaf (OEE) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HSE) extracts (13:2) has been proven to be a promising nutraceutical option for many diseases, but its potential in inflammatory-driven gastrointestinal disorders is still unexplored. In this study, HM effects on guinea-pig ileum and colon contractility (induced or spontaneous) and on human iNOS activity, as well as on human colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells, were studied. Results showed that the HM can control the ileum and colon contractility without blocking the progression of the food bolus, can selectively inhibit iNOS and possesses a strong pro-apoptotic activity towards Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, the present results suggest that, in some diseases, such as those related to motility disorders, an appropriate nutritional approach can be accompanied by a correct use of nutraceuticals that could help not only in ameliorating the symptoms but also in preventing more severe, cancer-related conditions.     

西洋参茎叶皂苷对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶8表达的影响

目的 研究西洋参茎叶皂苷(PQS)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血后半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶8(caspase-8)表达的影响,并进一步探讨其机制.方法 采用线栓法阻断大鼠一侧大脑中动脉(MCAO),制备局灶性脑缺血模型,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测大脑皮质凋亡相关基因caspase-8mRNA表达.结果 模型组caspase-8mRNA表达较PQS高剂量组、PQS低剂量组、尼莫地平组、假手术组均明显增加(0.713±0.117 vs 0.467±0.089、0.552±0.099、0.468±0.097、0.422±0.077,P＜0.01);而其他组间caspase-8mRNA表达差异均无统计学意义.结论 PQS对大鼠局灶性脑缺血具有保护作用,其机制可能与西洋参茎叶皂苷抑制神经元细胞凋亡有关.     

银苓Ⅰ号对铅中毒小鼠非特异免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨中药复方银苓Ⅰ号对铅中毒小鼠非特异免疫功能的影响。方法:小鼠自由饮用醋酸铅溶液造模,分别予银苓Ⅰ号或依地酸钠钙治疗3周;观察外周血弊细胞计数、碳粒廓清指数K及校正指数α、免疫脏器指数等非特异性免疫功能指标的变化。结果:银苓Ⅰ号对外周血白细胞计数、碳粒廓清指数K及校正指数α、免疫脏器指数有明显改善作用,而且碳粒廓清能力优于依地酸钠钙。结论:银苓号可在一定程度上对抗铅中毒所致的非特异免疫损害,效果优于依地酸钠钙。     

桑叶挥发油气相色谱 质谱指纹图谱研究

目的:采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法建立各地产桑叶药材挥发油的指纹图谱,为桑叶的质量评价提供参考依据.方法:对10个不同地区的桑叶样品中挥发油进行GC-MS指纹图谱研究,采用SPSS软件进行聚类分析.结果:从10批次桑叶药材的指纹图谱中归纳出17个共有特征峰,构成桑叶挥发油的特征指纹图谱,聚类分析结果将10个产地的桑叶药材分为两类,其中,阿克苏、吐鲁番、哈密、和田洛普、江苏、四川、陕西、广州的药材列为一类;而伊犁、乌市列为一类.结论:建立的桑叶挥发油指纹图谱,方法准确可靠,指纹图谱直观明确,特征明显,可作为桑叶质量评价和品种鉴别的主要依据之一.     

乌司他丁联合三七总皂甙对急性坏死性胰腺炎大鼠血清TTNF-α和IL-1β水平的影响

目的：观察乌司他丁联合三七总皂甙对大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎TNF-α、IL-1β水平的影响,探讨中西药联合治疗急性胰腺炎的意义。方法将健康大鼠随机分组,分别测定各组血清炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β水平,并相互进行比较。结果急性胰腺炎大鼠血清炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β水平明显升高,三七总皂甙、乌司他丁均可以抑制急性胰腺炎大鼠血清炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β水平,其中以两者联合应用的抑制作用最为明显,均具有统计学意义（P〈O．05）．。结论乌司他丁与三七总皂甙联合治疗能有效抑制急性胰腺炎大鼠血清炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β水平,对治疗大鼠急性胰腺炎有积极意义。     

三七总皂甙对脑出血后大鼠脑水肿及水通道蛋白-4表达的影响

目的观察三七总皂甙对脑出血大鼠脑水肿形成及水通道蛋白-4(AQP4)表达的影响。方法Wistar大鼠198只随机分为A、B、C 3个部分,分别检测脑含水量、AQP4蛋白和AQP4 mRNA,每部分又随机分为假手术组,模型组,治疗组,采用干湿重法、免疫组织化学染色、逆转录聚合酶链反应技术分别测定脑含水量、AQP4蛋白和AQP4 mRNA的表达。结果治疗组和模型组12 h之后脑含水量增加(P<0.05),1天时脑含水量明显增加(P<0.01),3天时脑含水量达到高峰并持续到5天,在相同的时间点,治疗组脑含水量比模型组明显少(P<0.05);模型组和治疗组12 h之后AQP4蛋白和AQP4 mRNA表达水平增加(P<0.05),1天时明显升高(P<0.01),3天达到高峰持续至5天,以后逐渐下降,与模型组比较,治疗组大鼠在各时间点AQP4蛋白、AQP4 mRNA均在低水平表达(P<0.05),1-5天表达水平明显下降(P<0.01)。结论三七总皂甙可能通过抑制AQP4的表达减轻脑出血后脑水肿的形成。     

Bioactive Bacterial Nanocellulose Membranes Enriched with Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Leaves Aqueous Extract for Anti-Aging Skin Care Applications

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) membranes, with remarkable physical and mechanical properties, emerged as a versatile biopolymeric carrier of bioactive compounds for skin care applications. In this study, BNC membranes were loaded with glycerol (as plasticizer and humectant agent) and different doses (1–3 μg cm⁻²) of an aqueous extract obtained from the hydro-distillation of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaves (HDE), for application as sheet facial masks. All membranes are resistant and highly malleable at dry and wet states, with similar or even better mechanical properties than those of a commercial BNC mask. Moreover, the HDE was found to confer a dose-dependent antioxidant activity to pure BNC. Additionally, upon 3 months of storage at 22–25 °C and 52% relative humidity (RH) or at 40 °C and 75% RH, it was confirmed that the antioxidant activity and the macroscopic aspect of the membrane with 2 μg cm⁻² of HDE were maintained. Membranes were also shown to be non-cytotoxic towards HaCaT and NIH/3T3 cells, and the membrane with 2 μg cm⁻² of HDE caused a significant reduction in the senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in NIH/3T3 cells. These findings suggest the suitability and potential of the obtained membranes as bioactive facial masks for anti-aging applications.