内蒙古鄂温克族人群HLA-DRB1基因多态性与族源分析

目的：对内蒙古鄂温克族人群人类白细胞抗原（human leukocyte antigen,HLA）Ⅱ类基因DRB1位点进行基因型检测.方法：采用DNA序列测定的分型技术（sequencing based typing,SBT）,对94名鄂温克族个体进行分析.结果：DRB1等位基因中,共检出25种等位基因,内蒙古鄂温克族以DRB^1＊090102 （16.0%）的频率最高,其次为DRB1^＊030101 （13.3%）、 DRB1^＊040101（10.1%）、DRB1^＊070101 （7.4%）、DRB1^＊120101/1206（7.4%）;系统树上鄂温克族与同样是北方人群的北方汉族、沈阳汉族和蒙古族聚在一起.结论：鄂温克族人群中HLA-DRB1分布特征有其独特性,鄂温克族基因频率和系统树显示鄂温克族属于中国北方人群.     

Infectious Complications in Childhood Leukemia

Since children with acute leukemia have prolonged periods of severe neutropenia due to the disease itself or its intensive chemotherapy, they often develop life-threatening infectious complications. A protected environment and prophylactic antibiotics for patients with severe neutropenia have been shown to decrease the incidence of infectious morbidity. In spite of the high mortality rate of infections, on the other hand, their diagnosis is not well established because the percentage of microbiological detectability by blood culture is low. The differentiation of infections may be possible by using some supplementary measures and particular laboratory parameters. Febrile neutropenic patients with leukemia should promptly receive empiric treatment with combinations of two or three broad-spectrum antibiotics that are bactericidal and synergistic toward the presumed pathogens, or with antifungal drugs if patients are resistant to antibiotics, as well as supportive measures such as granulocyte transfusion, intravenous gamma-globulin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.     

Ductal origin of the left pulmonary artery in severe tetralogy of Fallot: Problems in management

Summary Cardiac catheterization in a neonate demonstrated tetralogy of Fallot and absence of anatomic origin of the left pulmonary artery from the main pulmonary artery. A central aortopulmonary shunt was performed in order to increase pulmonary blood flow. Because of the concern that the left pulmonary artery was actually being supplied by a ductus arteriosus, repeat catheterization was performed and this revealed closure of the ductus arteriosus with obliteration of arterial supply to the left pulmonary artery. A left Blalock-Taussig shunt was subsequently performed and this reestablished blood supply to the left pulmonary artery. This case report describes problems in management of congenital heart disease with absence of anatomic origin of the left pulmonary artery from the main pulmonary artery.     

南派藏医药的起源与发展

通过实地考察，结合相关文献研究南派藏医药的起源、发展现状和存在的问题。南派藏医药起源于四川省甘孜州，善用草药，有突出特点。目前南派藏药存在的主要问题：过度采挖使藏药资源蕴藏量大幅度下降，藏医技术人才缺乏，藏药成方秘方多，但商品化程度低，藏药生产厂规模小、剂型单一、产品质量低。发展思路：加强人才队伍建设，建立GAP生态种植园，保护性的开发和利用藏药材资源，改善制药工艺，增加藏成药剂型，提高质量。     

奇经八脉源流考略

从奇经八脉理论的萌芽、雏形、理论的奠定、命名与系统阐发等几方面进行阐释,进一步说明了各种致病因素,使奇经八脉受损,可表现在奇经八脉循行部位及独特生理功能出现一系列病理表现,由于八脉间互相联系,互相影响,因此奇经病变常具有见症繁多,病情复杂,一症多因等特点。既有本经之病,又有相关密切的奇经与脏腑合病或并病,临证应细加分辨。     

鸟瞰七情的病机证治及研究角度

鸟瞰古今对七情的研究,探讨其产生之源头及发展过程;报道了七情的治疗个案及其诊断要点;综述情志病的药物、针灸治疗的特点;阐明七情的病因、病机及其发病学的特征;观察喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊七情各自的症状和行为的表现。在总结以往对七情病研究方法的基础上,分析七情发病的质与量问题,提出七情时空观的概念,论证七情的心理科学观,编制七情的问卷与量表,发展了七情调查与访谈,展示了一系列的新方法、新角度去研究七情。     

Atypical Bland–White–Garland Syndrome with Stenosis of the Origin of the Left Coronary Artery: Catheter Intervention After Mammary Artery Bypass Stenosis and Residual Fistula to the Pulmonary Trunk

A 16-year-old boy with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, Bland–White–Garland syndrome, underwent a mammary artery bypass grafting to the left coronary artery (LCA) together with closure of the stenosed origin of the left coronary artery. A residual LCA to pulmonary artery fistula and stenosis of the shunt at the implantation site developed that resulted in a dominant perfusion of the LCA from the right coronary artery. Interventional catheterization was performed with stenting of the LCA mammary artery anastomosis and subsequent coil occlusion of the residual fistula. After this intervention the LCA was exclusively perfused by the mammarian bypass with no residual leak to the pulmonary artery.     

Application of DNA filter hybridization and PCR to distinguish between human and non-human tissues of poor quality

Summary The present report describes a novel approach for the identification of human or non-human specimens after long-term storage in a badly preserved state. The application of the PCR-technique (polymerase chain reaction) using human-specific primers as well as Southern blot (filter) hybridization of the sample DNA to a primate-specific DNA probe enabled us to extend the positive identification beyond the limits of conventional methods such as serological or morphological examinations.     

Maternal coffee and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, parental smoking and risk of childhood acute leukaemia

INTRODUCTION: We investigated the role of maternal alcohol and coffee drinking and parental smoking on the risk of childhood acute leukemia in a multicenter case-control study. METHODS: The study included 280 incident cases and 288 hospitalized controls, frequency matched with the cases by age, gender and center. Data collection was completed by face-to-face standardized interviews of the case and control mothers. RESULTS: An association with maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy was observed with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (OR=2.0 [1.4-3.0]) and acute non-lymphoid leukemia (ANLL) (OR=2.6 [1.2-5.8]). Maternal coffee consumption during pregnancy was associated with childhood acute leukemia, ORs increasing in ALL with coffee consumption (OR=1.1 [0.7-1.8], OR=2.4 [1.3-4.7] and OR=3.1 [1.0-9.5], respectively, for < or =3, 4-8 and >8 cups/day). No association with maternal smoking during pregnancy or parental smoking before or after the index child's birth was observed. DISCUSSION: Our results suggest an association with maternal alcohol and coffee drinking during pregnancy and call for further investigations. Besides, the present study does not support the hypothesis of an increase in the risk of childhood leukemia related to parental smoking.     

Associations of physique with the socioeconomic factors of family and regional origin in Chinese university students

Objectives The purpose of this study is to define and clarify the causes of differences in physique between urban students and rural students in China. Methods Subjects are 2,524 students (male, 838; female, 1686) who entered K University in Shanghai in September, 2001. The data used in this study is based upon K university’s Yearly Health Check Record and Students’ Family Condition Record. Correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were applied to analyze the relationships between physique and gross family income, family income per capita, latitude, air temperature, precipitation or altitude. Results Urban students’ height and weight are significantly greater than rural students’ in both males and females. Both male students and female students are significantly taller and heavier in accordance with per capita increases in students’ family income. The height and weight of male and female students whose parents are peasant farmers are least. With regard to the relationship between physique and urban-rural factors, the F value decreases clearly when family income per capita is taken as a covariate, while the F values slightly decrease also when factors of latitude etc. are taken as covariates. The main cause of differing family income is occupational difference between urban areas and rural ones. Conclusion Students born in urban areas are taller and heavier than those born in rural areas. The main cause of these differences is family income per capita. The main cause of variations in family income is the income difference in occupations.