Particle Size Distributions of Inert Spheres and Pelletized Pharmaceutical Products by Image Analysis

Image analysis was used to measure particle size distributions (PSDs) of ensembles of 425 to 1400 µm‐size materials. Repeatability of a measurement, suitable sample sizes, and methods of sampling were assessed. Two lots of inert spheres were compared prior to drug layering in a Glatt GPCG‐5 rotor. The differences in PSD in the starting materials were reflected in the rotor‐granulated products. Such detailed information was not available from sieving with U.S. standard wire mesh sieves. The products from the rotor process were polymer‐coated in a Wurster process in a Glatt GPCG‐3, 4‐in. Wurster. The resolution of the technique was sufficient to measure differences in diameter equating to 4‐µm coat thickness, which resulted from applying 2% polymer coat weight. The utility of the technique for monitoring commercial scale processes was demonstrated by measuring diameter after layering drug onto nonpareils in a Glatt RG‐150 rotor, and by measuring the diameter after application of a polymer solution in a Glatt 46‐in. Wurster coating process. The similarity of samples removed from the sample port in situ and samples from the batch suggested that processes in the fluid bed are intensively mixed and inherently random.     

康乃精颗粒的生殖毒性研究

目的 :研究中药康乃精颗粒剂的生殖毒性作用。方法 :Wistar大鼠 ,雌雄兼用。按新药研究毒理学试验规范以及相应文献的方法进行生殖毒性试验。结果 :康乃精颗粒对大鼠的一般状况、体重变化和胎鼠发育、母鼠分娩、新生仔鼠以及子代大鼠的发育状况均无任何毒性作用。结论 :康乃精颗粒剂长期口服无生殖毒性 ,是一个安全、有效的中药生殖细胞保护药物。     

聚精颗粒治疗弱精子症31例报告

目的:评价聚精颗粒治疗弱精子症患者的疗效。方法:36例弱精子症患者,年龄24~39岁,平均29.1岁。口服聚精颗粒,温开水冲服120 m l/次,2次/d,共3个月。分别于治疗前及治疗3个月末,采用DNA荧光染色精子动(静)态图像分析系统进行精液参数分析。结果:完成治疗的31例患者中,除3例精液质量未见明显改善外,其余28例精液质量均明显改善。其中,除精子密度治疗前后差异无显著性外(P>0.05),a级精子、(a+b)级精子、精子活率等主要精液参数指标,在聚精颗粒治疗3个月后均有显著改善(P均<0.01)。治疗期间及治疗后随访有5例配偶怀孕,其中1例己正常分娩。结论:聚精颗粒对弱精子症具有较好的疗效。     

Harold Francis Falls: Eye geneticist and pioneer American medical geneticist

We report on a 20-year-old male with a β-glucuronidase (GUSB) deficiency mucopoly-saccharidosis. He had pectus carinatum, gross thoracic kyphoscoliosis, and hip dysplasia, a picture which became conspicuous after age 4 years. Hepatosplenomegaly, herniae, corneal clouding, and neurological abnormalities were absent. Although he had Alder-type granulations in his polymorpho-nuclear leukocytes, the urine did not contain a significant excess of mucopolysaccharides. Electron microscopic examination of skin and gingival biopsies, leukocytes, and cultured skin fibroblasts showed numerous single membrane-limited vacuoles either empty or filled with fibrillogranular material; this last tissue did not contain metachromatic granules. Radiographs demonstrated a distinct spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia in which the most striking changes were confined to the thoracic spine (flattening and collapse in T7, T8 and T10 vertebral bodies) and to the femoral capital epiphyses (irregularities and fragmentation). The activity of GUSB in the patient's serum, leukocytes, and fibroblasts was severely decreased; the GUSB activity in the serum and leukocytes from the parents and 2 asymptomatic sibs was subnormal. Immunoblot analysis showed very low levels of cross-reactive material towards anti-GUSB antiserum in the patient's leukocyte and fibroblast extracts. This patient was more severely affected in his skeleton than other described patients with an oligosymptomatic chronic form. This case broadens the clinical and biochemical picture associated with GUSB deficiency and may represent a new variant of the disease. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

壳多糖对创伤愈合作用的形态学观察

通过大白兔背部的创伤实验，对比观察了壳多糖对伤口愈合的作用。肉眼、光镜、电镜及免疫组化观察表明：壳多糖具有明显的诱导局部巨噬细胞增多、巨噬细胞吞噬能力增强、促进伤口收缩及愈合的作用；与云南白药组和空白对照组相比有显著差异。探讨了壳多糖促进伤口愈合的机理。     

抗人绒毛膜促性腺激素单克隆抗体的制备及初步应用

将人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)免疫的BALB/C小鼠脾细胞与Sp2/0小鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合,阳性孔经2～3次克隆化、液氮冻存后多次再克隆化和动物接种,获得了12株分泌抗hCG单克隆抗体(McAbs)的稳定杂交瘤株。12种McAbs除1种为IgM外,均为IgG_1;RIA滴度及亲和常数分别在0.2～7.0×10~4和0.4～5.1×10~8M~(-1)之间。有些McAbs已成功地用于血清和尿中hCG一步双位快速ELISA及滋养叶肿瘤组织切片的免疫细胞化学染色等。     

Intraoral extraction of an ectopic mandibular third molar detected in the subcondylar region without a pathological cause: A case report and literature review

Purpose: To present a case report on the presence of an ectopic mandibular third molar (EMTM), the surgical treatment, and outcome.

Case report: A 63-year-old woman presented with right preauricular facial swelling, limited jaw function, and pain. Radiographic assessment demonstrated an EMTM positioned in the superoposterior aspect of the ramus. Radiographically, there was a bony tunnel extending from the third molar to distal of the second molar. The patient was treated by an intraoral approach on the medial aspect of the ramus for removal of the ectopic third molar, as well as the tissue in the bony tunnel.

Results: The patient healed uneventfully. The soft tissue in the bony canal was granulation tissue, and nerve function was preserved. A literature search of EMTMs was conducted identifying 17 reported cases.

Conclusion: Three-dimensional imaging in the management of EMTM can be beneficial in identifying position of the tooth, associated pathology, and identifying the position of neurovascular structures to aid in removal of the ectopic tooth.     

镍钛合金网状气道支架置入术的计算机数值模拟分析

气道狭窄已成为一种较为常见的呼吸系统疾病,临床上往往需要进行气道支架置入术以实现气道的快速扩张,缓解患者的呼吸困难。但支架置入后常会出现肉芽组织过度增生的现象,严重的会造成气道的再狭窄。基于"应力-生长"关系的理论,肉芽组织的过度增生可能与局部力学环境的改变相关,特别是支架对气道壁的应力刺激。为此,研究将针对镍钛合金网状气道支架置入术展开计算机数值模拟,以分析支架置入前后局部力学环境的改变。结果显示气道支架置入后,狭窄处壁面的局部应力环境发生了显著的改变,其壁面的扩张应力明显升高且应力集中的现象较为严重。我们认为显著改变的局部应力环境可能是造成气道肉芽组织过度增生的因素之一。     

Animal experiments concerning the disturbed wound-healing in diabetes mellitus

Summary A series of experiments with alloxan-diabetic and control rats was done in order to investigate growth of cotton-pellet granulomas and incorporation rate of³⁵S-sulphate into sulphated mucopolysaccharides of the granulation tissue. — It could be demonstrated that in the alloxan-diabetic animals there was not only markedly less formation of granulation tissue, but a pronounced blocking of synthesis of sulphated mucopolysaccharides in the granulation tissue as well. — These findings are assumed to be caused by the lack of insulin in alloxan diabetes, and to be related to the delayed wound-healing in patients with badly controlled diabetes mellitus.This work was supported by the Landesversiche-rungsanstalt Westfalen, the Bergbauberufsgenossenschaft Bochum and the Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Multiple occipital defects caused by arachnoid granulations: Emphasis on T2 mapping

A 56-year-old man presented with a 6-mo history of headache. Although neurological and laboratory examinations were normal, computed tomography (CT) scan was performed which revealed multiple occipital osteolytic lesions, which were suspected to be multiple myeloma. Subsequently nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that these lesions presented with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-like signal intensity, no diffusional restriction and intrinsic mass-like enhancement on conventional sequences were seen. T2 relaxation time was similar to that of CSF in the ventricles and adjacent subarachnoid space on T2-mapping. Single photon emission CT with 99m Tc-Methyl diphosphonate was performed which revealed no increased radiotracing accumulation. Finally, these lesions were diagnosed as mutiple arachnoid granulations (AGs). The headache was treated symptomatically with medical therapy. On follow up examination after 6 mo no evidence of tumor was detected. This report aimed to illustrate the appearance and differentiation of occipital defects caused by multiple AGs on CT and MRI, with emphasis on the findings from T2 mapping.