秋葵属植物资源研究进展

我国秋葵属植物多为药用植物资源,应用广泛,可药用、食用、饲用、工业用、观赏用等.笔者从秋葵属植物的分类、生境与分布、药用资源种类、主要药效成分、药理学作用、应用前景等方面进行了综述,全方位了解秋葵属植物资源.     

黄葵胶囊对糖尿病肾病血脂成分的影响

目的:观察黄葵胶囊治疗伴随高脂血症糖尿病肾病中各项血脂水平的临床观察。方法:筛选106例我科住院糖尿病肾病患者,按入院先后随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组56例,对照组50例,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上同时服用黄葵胶囊,观察治疗前、后24周后甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇变化。结果:治疗组56例病人,服药后有效45例,有效率80.36%。治疗后甘油三酯(1.82±1.12)mmol·L-1,总胆固醇(5.14±1.48)mmol·L-1,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(4.32±1.56)mmol·L-1均有不同程度的下降。治疗组治疗前、后比较P<0.05,治疗后治疗组与对照组比较P<0.05。结论:黄葵胶囊对糖尿病肾病高脂血症具有确切的疗效。     

Lid scrubbing with a gel combining natural extracts for dry eye treatment

AIM: To evaluate the effect of lid scrubbing using a gel combining different natural extracts on ocular signs and symptoms of dry eye patients. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 19 dry eye patients (51.1±16.0y). Non-invasive tear break-up time, tear meniscus height, meibomian gland loss, lipid layer thickness, conjunctival redness, corneal staining, ocular surface disease index (OSDI), and ocular pain intensity were measured before (baseline), 1wk, and 2mo after lid scrubbing with a gel containing different natural extracts (okra extract, aloe vera leaf juice, hydrolysed soy protein, caffeine, citrus unshiu peel extract, and raspberry seed oil). RESULTS: Compared with the baseline, there was a statistically significant improvement in both first (P=0.048) and average (P=0.026) non-invasive tear break-up time 2mo after treatment, as well as in corneal staining (P=0.043, 0.012), OSDI (P<0.001), and ocular pain intensity (P<0.001) after 1wk and 2mo. In addition, there was no correlation between ocular signs and symptoms. CONCLUSION: The lid scrubbing with a gel combining different natural extracts show beneficial effects on tear film stability, corneal damage, and ocular symptoms, which is the reason why this therapeutic procedure is proposed as an alternative for dry eye management. However, it is not possible to attribute this beneficial effect solely to the presence of the natural extracts in the gel, primarily due to the absence of a negative control group.     

Hypolipidemic Activity of Okra is Mediated Through Inhibition of Lipogenesis and Upregulation of Cholesterol Degradation

Little is known about the hypolipidemic activity of okra; therefore, we investigated the hypolipidemic activity of okra and its interaction with gene expression of several key components involved in lipid homeostasis. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups and fed with hyperlipidemic diet or two hyperlipidemic diets supplemented with 1% or 2% okra powder for eight weeks. Results demonstrated that okra dose‐dependently decreased serum and hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride, and enhanced fecal excretion of bile acids. Gene expression analysis revealed that okra upregulated cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression, downregulated expression of sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), with no effect on sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 2 (SREBP2), 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase (HMGR), low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1A (CPT1A). It was suggested that hypolipidemic activity of okra was mediated most likely by upregulation of cholesterol degradation through CYP7A1 and by inhibition of lipogenesis through SREBP1c and FAS. Okra raw and fractionated polysaccharide showed strong bile acid binding capacity in vitro, which may contribute to the hypolipidemic activity observed. In conclusion, okra has potential application in the management of hyperlipidemia and its associated metabolic disorders. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Skin lesions due to okra (Hibiscus esculentus L): proteolytic activity and allergenicity of okra

The present report describes experimental studies on the proteolytic activity of the secretion on the surface of okra pods and the allergenicity of okra components, to clarify the etiology of skin lesions due to okra. Proteolytic activity was detected on the surface of immature okra pods and seemed to be sufficient to cause the skin lesions. Further, in vivo, intradermal injection of the enzyme solution prepared from immature okra pods led to increased capillary permeability in guinea pigs, in contrast to heated preparations. The fraction purified by preparative paper chromatography from an ethyl acetate extract of okra pods showed moderate allergenicity in the guinea pig maximization test. The present experimental evidence supports our suggestions from previous surveys that the proteolytic enzyme of okra may be responsible for development of skin lesions, and that allergic contact dermatitis may also play a part in addition to irritant contact dermatitis.     

黄葵胶囊联合缬沙坦对早期糖尿病肾病患者微量白蛋白尿的影响

目的探讨黄葵胶囊联合缬沙坦对早期糖尿病肾病患者微量白蛋白尿的影响。方法将血压正常的65例早期糖尿病肾病患者随机分成缬沙坦组(32例)和联合用药组(33例)。2组均服用缬沙坦80 mg/d,疗程16周,联合用药组加用黄葵胶囊5粒口服3次/d。结果治疗16周后缬沙坦组24 h尿总蛋白及尿白蛋白排泄率较治疗前明显降低(P均0.01),而联合用药组疗效好于缬沙坦组(P0.05)。结论黄葵胶囊与缬沙坦联用治疗早期2型糖尿病肾病患者能有效降低尿蛋白及尿白蛋白排泄率,改善肾功能。     

黄秋葵抗疲劳作用的研究

目的　探讨黄秋葵抗疲劳作用。方法　小鼠经黄秋葵水提液灌胃 15d ,剂量 1.5 ,3.0 ,6 .0g·kg-1·d-1qd或经人参水提液灌胃 15d ,剂量 3.0 g·kg-1·d-1,qd。然后进行游泳实验 ,耐缺氧实验 ,耐寒、耐热实验并测定小鼠剧烈运动后血乳酸水平 ,与对照组进行比较。结果　黄秋葵水提液明显提高小鼠耐力 (P <0 .0 1) ,明显提高小鼠耐缺氧能力 (P <0 .0 1)及耐寒、耐热能力 ,降低小鼠剧烈运动后血乳酸水平 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　黄秋葵水提液具有抗疲劳作用     

Developing Low-Fat Banana Bread by Using Okra Gum as a Fat Replacer

Today’s diners want slightly healthier menu items when dining out. Most of the traditional bakery products contain a high amount of fat and cholesterol. A single slice of banana bread contains 261 calories, and nearly 23% of the calories are from fat. Making bakery products healthier could be a good start to help decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, preparing a low fat and delicious product may be a challenge to culinary professionals. This study investigates the acceptability of using okra gum as a fat replacer in banana bread and develops the replacement methods for the applications. Findings showed that okra gum can replace fat in banana bread and greatly enhance the nutritional density of banana bread without significantly sacrificing its color, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability. Results of this study provide a gateway for further research with okra gum as a fat replacer in bakery products.     

黄秋葵粗多糖体外抗氧化活性测定

目的:测定黄秋葵粗多糖(RPS)的体外抗氧化活性.方法:采用水提醇沉淀法提取黄秋葵RPS,并用蒽酮-硫酸法测定RPS的含量,应用1,1-二苯基苦味酰基苯肼(DPPH)氧化法检测0.086、0.171、0.342、0.684、1.367和2.734 g/L RPS对 DPPH自由基(DPPH·)的清除率,水杨酸法检测0.157、0.313、0.625、1.250、2.500和5.000 g/L RPS对羟基自由基(·OH)的清除率,邻苯三酚自氧化法检测0.086、0.171、0.342、0.684、1.367和2.734 g/L RPS对超氧阴离子自由基(O2÷)的清除率,以维生素C作阳性对照.结果:黄秋葵中RPS含量为(11.23±0.04)%.RPS对DPDH·、·OH和O2÷的体外清除率呈现剂量依赖性.2.734 g/L RPS对DPPH·和O2÷的清除率分别达(44.48±0.64)%及(35.67±0.21)%,5.000 g/L RPS对·OH的清除率达(68.63±0.07)%.其清除能力较维生素C稍弱.结论:黄秋葵RPS具有较明显的体外抗氧化能力.     

黄葵胶囊联合缬沙坦治疗糖尿病肾病临床疗效观察

目的观察黄葵胶囊联合缬沙坦治疗糖尿病肾病临床疗效。方法将50例糖尿病肾病患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组各25人,对照组给予缬沙坦等常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用黄葵胶囊治疗,两组连续用药8周,治疗前后分别检测尿白蛋白排泄率、血肌酐、甘油三酯、总胆固醇,并进行组间比较。结果两组治疗前后尿蛋白排泄率有明显改善,差异具有显著性（P〈0.01）,甘油三酯、总胆固醇也有不同程度的改善（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,血肌酐无变化,且治疗组优于对照组。结论黄葵胶囊联合缬沙坦治疗糖尿病肾病疗效优越,无明显不良反应,值得临床推广。