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91.
Safety of cryopreservation straws for human gametes or embryos: a study with human immunodeficiency virus-1 under cryopreservation conditions 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
92.
Nobuo Takeshima Kiyoji Tanaka Fumio Kobayashi Takemasa Watanabe Takashi Kato 《European journal of applied physiology》1993,67(2):138-143
Summary In this study we attempted to determine the effects of exercise training at the intensity corresponding to lactate threshold (Thla
–) on various health-related variables in sedentary but apparently healthy elderly subjects. Six men and five women volunteers [mean age 68.9 (SD 3.4) years] performed supervised endurance-type training on stationary cycle ergometers for 30 min and recreational activities for 30 min, 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Four men and four women served as the control group [68.8 (SD 4.4) years]. As a result of the training programme, statistically significant increases in maximal oxygen consumption (10%), oxygen consumption at Thla
–(18%), distance covered in 12-min walk, side step, and leg extensor power were found in the training group, while no changes occurred in the control group. The changes in serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations from the pre- to post-training period were statistically significant. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol remained unchanged, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol tended to decrease following the training programme. These data would indicate that exercise training at the intensity corresponding to Thla
–may have favourable effects on overall physical fitness and some serum lipid variables in older individuals. 相似文献
93.
The role of β-adrenoceptors in exercise-induced muscle hyperaemia was investigated. Exercise was performed with a small and a large muscle mass: knee extension (KE) and bicycle exercise (BE). Seven healthy subjects performed light and maximal KE and eight subjects performed stepwise dynamic BE to exhaustion before and after acute i.v. administration of propranolol (0.15 mg kg-1). Leg blood flow was measured by a bolus dye dilution technique. During KE at low and high power leg blood flow was reduced by 8.7 and 10.5% after propranolol was administered, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was reduced at low, but not at high power resulting in increased leg vascular resistance (LVR) during high intensity. During BE propranolol reduced leg blood flow and increased LVR at low power, but not at high power. At high BE intensity LVR did not change with increasing power and was slightly decreased after propranolol was administered. In this situation oxygen uptake was close to maximum and the concentration of catecholamines was 3–5 times higher compared with KE. There was no significant effect of propranolol on lactate release or arterial-femoral venous (a-fv) differences for adrenaline or noradrenaline. We conclude that β-adrenoceptors modulate local vasodilation in skeletal muscles during exercise independently of local muscle energy demand, but that the effect is highly dependent on active muscle mass since a-adrenergic activity during maximal BE seemed to disguise any effect of propranolol on LVR. 相似文献
94.
The structuring of an allergy index based on IgE-mediated skin sensitivity to common environmental allergens 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L R Freidhoff D G Marsh D A Meyers R Hussain 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》1983,72(3):274-287
We computed skin-test sensitivity levels in 485 adults puncture-tested with eight standardized, high-quality inhalant allergens tested at single concentrations. In order to quantitate the "average" IgE-mediated skin sensitivity of each subject, we used both nonparametric and parametric statistical methods to generate two "allergy indices" (Allergy Index I and Allergy Index II) based on sensitivity end-point data from the subpopulations of individuals positive to six of the eight allergens. For the 192 skin test-positive subjects, Allergy Index I and Allergy Index II were significantly correlated with each other (rs = 0.98, p less than 0.001) and with the number of positive skin-test reactions (rs congruent to 0.9, p less than 0.001) as well as with log[total serum IgE] (r congruent to 0.4, p less than 0.01). In 102 ragweed-positive subjects, log[specific IgE to ragweed] was significantly correlated with ragweed-specific "ragweed indices I and II" (r congruent to 0.6, p less than 0.01). Furthermore, the average daily symptom scores reported by 14 ragweed-positive subjects during the ragweed pollination season were significantly correlated with ragweed indices I and II (p less than 0.05). We propose the use of Allergy Index II in epidemiologic and genetic studies of allergic phenotypes as well as in clinical decisions for diagnosis and immunotherapeutic intervention. 相似文献
95.
Cardiovascular changes associated with decreased aerobic capacity and aging in long-distance runners 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T. Fuchi K. Iwaoka M. Higuchi S. Kobayashi 《European journal of applied physiology》1989,58(8):884-889
Summary Fifty-five male runners aged between 30 to 80 years were examined to determine the relative roles of various cardiovascular
parameters which may account for the decrease in maximal oxygen uptake (
) with aging. All subjects had similar body fat composition and trained for a similar mileage each week. The parameters tested
were
, maximal heart rate (HR
max), cardiac output (Q), and arteriovenous difference in oxygen concentration (C
a —C
ˉv) O2 during graded, maximal treadmill running. Average body fat and training mileage were roughly 12% and 50 km·week−1, respectively. The average 10-km runtime slowed significantly by 6.0%·decade−1 {[10-km run-time (min)=0.323 x age (years)+24.4] (n=49,r=0.692,p<0.001)}. A strong correlation was found between age and
{[
(ml·kg−1·min−1)=- 0.439xage+76.5] (n=55,r=-0.768, p<0.001)}. Thus,
decreased by 6.9%·decade−1 along with reductions ofHR
max (3.2%·decade−1, p<0.001) andQ (5.8%·decade−1, p<0.001), while no significant change with age was observed in estimated (C
a —C
ˉv) O2. It was concluded that the decline of
with aging in runners was mainly explained by the central factors (represented by the decline ofHR andQ in this study), rather than by the peripheral factor (represented by (C
a —C
ˉv) O2).
This study was supported, in part, by a Research Grant on Aging and Health, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan, and by
a Research Grant for young researchers, Meiji Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Japan. 相似文献
96.
The relation between
and work rate (WR) was examined in seven male subjects who performed ramp (1 W·3 s–1) two-legged cycle ergometry to exhaustion while inspiring either hypoxic (12% O2), normoxic (21% O2), or hyperoxic (40% O2) air. The anaerobic threshold was estimated from respiratory gas exchange data and is thus referred to as the respiratory gas exchange threshold (RGET). Prior to the RGET, the
was greater under normoxic [mean (SD); 10. 19(1.04) ml O2·min–1·W–1] and hyperoxic [10.44 (0.72)] conditions compared with hypoxia [9.34 (0.89)]. Above the RGET, the
for hypoxia [8.91 (0.63)], normoxia [10.40 (0.77)], and hyperoxia [11.08 (0.48)] were all significantly different from each other. These data indicated that for two-legged, cycle, ramp ergometry in normoxia below the RGET, both the
and response time was constant. Above the RGET, the normoxic
response was the net result of a declining
and a longer response time to the unsteady state character of a ramp exercise protocol. 相似文献
97.
V. Vihko J. SoimajÄrvi E. Karvinen P. Rahkila M. Havu 《European journal of applied physiology》1978,39(3):209-218
Summary On the basis of maximal oxygen uptake (
O2 max) 18 normal, healthy men were divided into two groups of equal size: moderately trained subjects (MTR) each having
O2 max below 65.0 ml·min–1·kg–1 body weight (54.0±8.3) and well trained subjects (WTR), whose
O2 max exceeded 65.0 ml·min–1·kg–1 body weight (69.2±4.1). The WTR group had slightly (non significant, n.s.) higher percentage of slow twitch, oxidative (SO) fibers in M. vastus lateralis and higher (n.s.) activities of cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (HADH), and citrate synthase (CS), while lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was lower (n.s.). In the MTR group only, the SO-%, and the activities of CytOx, SDH and HADH correlated positively with
O2 max, and LDH negatively with
O2 max. These correlations were not significant in the WTR group possibly because of the adaptations produced by training in this group. Multiple regression analysis was used to elucidate the best combination of variables to explain the variance in
O2 max. The best model consisted of the sum of relative activities of oxidative muscle enzymes (CytOx, SDH, HADH, CS), muscle LDH activity, body fat content (% F) and lean body mass. This model explained 69% of the variance in
O2 max; and of the individual variables % F was of utmost importance. 相似文献
98.
目的:观察犬冠状动脉左旋支狭窄后心肌细胞对^99碍^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈(^99Tc^m-MIBI)摄取与时间变化之间的关系。方法:建立犬冠状动脉左旋支狭窄模型(12只),分别注射^99Tc^m-MIBI,剂量为185MBq(5mCi)。注射1h和4h后,各处死6只犬,取出心脏,于左室侧壁(缺血区)和前壁(正常区)分别取心肌组织约100rag,用1计数器测定其放射性计数,换算成每克组织放射性计数值,求出侧壁与前壁放射性比值。结果:注射后1h犬左心室缺血区与正常区组织放射性计数比值为0.726±O.054,4h为0.673±0.080,两者之间比较差鼻无昂薯件(t=1.3452.P〉0.05).结论.砸长时问不能摇高按血心肌对辨^99Tc^m-MIBI梧取比. 相似文献
99.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the specificity of maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) and the dynamic response of oxygen uptake (Vo2) to sinusoidal work load in distance runners and in American-football players. Sinusoidal work load during ergometer cycling was carried from 30 W to 60% to Vo2max(60% Vo2max) for a 2 min period. Vo2 was measured by the breath-by-breath method. The subjects were 10 distance runners (DRs), 10 American-football players (AFPs), and 11 untrained men (UTM). Mean Vo2max was 64.4 mL kg-1 min-1 in the DRs, 53.1 mL kg-1 min-1 in the AFPs and 47.3 mL kg-1 min-1 in the UTM. The fundamental amplitudes ofthe Vo2 response, nomalized by dividing by steady state Vo2 at 60% Vo2max were similar in the AFPs (20.3%) and the UTM (19.5%), and both were significantly less than in the DRs (25.5%). Phase shift to work load expressed in degrees was similar in the AFPs (87.7d?) and UTM (88.0d?), but significantly greater than in the DRs (80.4d?). HR dynamics in all three groups were similar to a dynamic Vo2 response. These findings suggest that development of the dynamic Vo2 response and higher Vo2max in the AFPs there is no improvement in the dynamic Vo2 response. The results of the present study demonstrate that athletes participating in different sports have characteristic dynamic Vo2 responses during cycling exercise. 相似文献
100.
M. K. Agarwal Ph.D. R. T. Jones B.S. J. W. Yunginger M.D. 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》1982,70(6):437-444
To develop a model for mold allergen extract standardization, we studied eight commercial Alternaria extracts from various suppliers by a variety of immunochemical and physicochemical techniques, including measurement of Alt-I, a purified allergenic fraction of Alternaria. Wide variations were noted in the allergenic and antigenic potencies of these extracts. Estimates of Alt-I content measured by Alt-I RAST inhibition and by radioimmunoassay correlated significantly (p < 0.05), but Alt-I activity by either method could not be correlated with allergenic potency as measured by RAST inhibition using solid-phase Alternaria. Each test extract produced unique and differing patterns of Coomassie blue-stained bands in isoelectrofocusing gels and in crossed immunoelectrophoresis gels using rabbit antibodies to Alternaria. The optimal method for mold allergen standardization involves a combination of RAST inhibition, isoelectrofocusing, and crossed immunoelectrophoresis techniques, and, if possible, quantitation of individual allergens. 相似文献