抗—HCV阳性单采浆供血员HGV感染随访研究

为了解单采浆供血员庚型肝炎病毒（ＨＧＶ）感染及其转归，对１０２名抗－ＨＣＶ阳性单采浆供血员冻存血清进行抗－ＨＧＶ和ＨＧＶＲＮＡ检测，对抗－ＨＧＶ和（或）ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性者作３年随访研究。采用ＥＩＡ法检测抗－ＨＧＶ，包被抗原来自ＨＧＶ不同功能区的合成肽。应用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＧＶＲＮＡ，引物选自ＨＧＶＮＳ３区。结果表明，抗－ＨＣＶ阳性单采浆供血员ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性率为１９．６１％（２０／１０２），抗－ＨＧＶ阳性率为１７．６５％（１８／１０２），ＨＧＶ感染率（抗ＨＧＶ和／或ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性）为２４．５１％（２５／１０２），而对照组仅为０．９４％（１／１０６）。提示单采血浆是ＨＧＶ感染的重要危险因素。ＨＧＶＲＮＡ和抗－ＨＧＶ的３年阴转率分别为３５．００％（７／２０）和１１．１１％（２／１８），说明ＨＧＶ感染有慢性携带趋势     

Opitz (BBB/G) syndrome: Oral manifestations

We studied a new case of the G (Opitz BBB/G) syndrome in a 12-year-old boy. Several relatives had partial manifestations of the disorder. A comprehensive dental evaluation of the propositus was conducted; included is, to our knowledge, the first published cephalometric analysis of a G syndrome patient. We reviewed 139 cases of the G syndrome; 48 of them had at least one oral abnormality. These included clefting, micrognathia, ankyloglossia, and high-arched palate. Male G syndrome patients are more likely to have oral anomalies than affected females. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Serum IgA and IgG functional antibodies and their subclasses to Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular antigen found in two aged‐matched cohorts of children with and without otitis media with effusion

Serum IgA and IgG functional antibodies and their subclasses to Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular antigen found in two aged‐matched cohorts of children with and without otitis media with effusion The relationship between acute otitis media and otitis media with effusion (OME) is uncertain and the aetiology of OME is multifactorial. Otitis media with effusion may be an inflammatory condition; both bacteria and viral infections could play a part in this inflammation. The four bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, Staphylococcus aureus and Branhamella catarrhalis cause 60% of the infections whereas S. pneumoniae accounts for up to 35%. IgA provides the dominant surface response to polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide antigens, of which IgA₂ is the main subclass. Once the mucosa has been breached, most protection is provided by IgG. IgG₂ acts mainly against bacterial capsular antigens. This study looked at two groups of 50 children with and without OME who were aged between 3 and 10 years. The aims were to determine if, firstly, the levels of the serum immunoglobulins were different in the two groups, secondly whether these children made the appropriate antibody response to the capsular antigen to S. pneumoniae (PCP), and finally if there was a delay in the maturity of the IgA response. The total IgG, IgA and all subclass levels were measured using radial immunodiffusion. Levels of functional IgA and IgG were measured using ELISAs (25 patients in each group). The results were analysed with non‐parametric tests. The immunoglobulin levels were within the normal levels for both groups. There were very good correlations between the IgG total anti‐PCP and the IgG₂ anti‐PCP (R > 0.9, p = 0.001). There was a good correlation between the levels of both IgG total and IgG₂ anti‐PCP against IgA total anti‐PCP in both groups (R > 0.85, p > 0.01). This confirms a normal antibody response between both groups of patients. The ages of the controls and patients (50 samples) were correlated with increasing titres of circulating functional antibodies (P = 0.001). This is highly suggestive of a normal age‐related response. In conclusion, the findings were contradictory to our original hypothesis that there is a subtle difference in surface protection between children with and without OME. We believe that a previous history of recurrent acute otitis media is unrelated to the development of OME after 3 years of age.     

Codon usage patterns in chromosomal and retrotransposon genes of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Codon usage was compiled for fourteen chromosomal genes and four retrotransposons from the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Variation exists among chromosomal genes in the degree of bias. The genes showing the highest bias are probably most highly expressed. In these genes, the base composition at the third codon position is much richer in G + C than is the overall coding sequence. Thus, codon usage is biased toward G- or C-ending codons. Codon usage in each retrotransposon is quite different, not only from chromosomal genes but also from the other retrotransposons. Codon usage comparisons among homologous genes from An. gambiae and two other Dipterans, the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, show that while there are similarities, particularly between An. gambiae and D. melanogaster in the preference for G-and C-ending codons, each species has evolved a distinct pattern of codon usage.     

非甲—戊型病毒性肝炎患者血清庚型肝炎病毒感染的研究

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法及逆转录—ＰＣＲ（简称ＲＴ—ＰＣＲ）法检测３６例非甲—戊型肝炎患者血清庚型肝炎病毒抗体（简称抗ＨＧＶ）和庚型肝炎病毒（简称ＨＧＶＲＮＡ）。结果：７例（１９．４％）抗ＨＧＶ阳性，２例（５．４％）同时ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性；急性肝炎抗ＨＧＶ阳性者临床表现与抗ＨＧＶ阴性者无显著差异，慢性肝炎抗ＨＧＶ阳性者较抗ＨＧＶ阴性者轻。提示：ＨＧＶ可引起急、慢性肝炎，在非甲—戊型肝炎中占有一定比例，但不是主要原因。     

Pharmacokinetic characteristics and tolerability of a novel intravenous immunoglobulin preparation

In two independent trials 10 and 12 healthy volunteers received the novel intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) preparations BT 511 and BT 507, respectively. BT 511 contains 5 g human plasma proteins per 100 ml, more than 95% of which are immunoglobulins of the G class (IgG). BT 507 contains in addition 61 IU antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs)·ml^–1. In trial I volunteers received 4.0 ml/kg (n+4) and 8.0 ml·kg^–1 (n+6) BT 511 to study the tolerability and the magnitude of the increase in immunoglobulins in plasma as well as their decline over 1 month. After administration of the lower dose, plasma IgG increased from 10.7 to 14.7 g·l^–1 directly after the infusion. Following the 8.0 ml·kg^–1 dose a more pronounced increase from 12.4 to 21.2 g·l^–1 was observed. No adverse events occurred. After 1 month IgG concentrations had almost reached baseline values at 12.2 g·l^–1 in the 4.0 ml·kg^–1 group, but were still significantly increased at 15.2 g·l^–1 after the high dose. There was a linear correlation between the maximal IgG plasma concentration and the subsequent decline of IgG during the 29-day observation period. After administration of BT 507 maximal anti-HBs concentrations of 1778 mU·ml^–1 occurred 1.4 h after termination of the infusion. The terminal elimination half-life was 22.4 days, and total clearance and volume of distribution were determined to be 0.122 ml·min^–1 and 5.41, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters calculated for anti-HBs as an indicator of IgG were in accordance with the pharmacokinetic behaviour of native IgG.     

大叶牛奶菜孕甾甙成分研究

用硅胶层析及反相硅胶层析法，从大叶牛奶菜（MarsdeniakoiTsiang）抗生育活性的甲醇提取物中分离获得一孕甾四糖甙。经化学反应，波谱分析，酸碱降解及其水解产物的鉴定，确定其结构为12-0-cvnnamyl-dihydrosarcostin-3-0-β-D-glucopyranosyl（l→4）-0-3-0-methyl-6-deoxy-β-D-allopyranosyl(1→4)-0-β-D-oleandropyranosyl(1→4)-0-β-D-cymaropyranoside,命名为大叶牛奶菜甙庚（marsdekoisideG）。经系统文献检索证明其为首次自该植物中分离得到。     

重庆市新生儿高胆红素血症患儿G6PD基因突变类型及临床特点

目的研究重庆市新生儿黄疸儿G6PD三种常见基因突变与其临床表现特点之间的关系。初步估计其基因突变频率并探讨其临床意义和遗传学特征。方法应用突变特异性扩增系统(ARMS)法,检测54例重庆市新生儿黄疸儿的G6PD基因突变类型。结果检出G1388A突变39例(72%),G1376T突变8例(15%),未定型者7例(13%)。未检出G95A。结论本研究首次对重庆市新生儿黄疸儿进行G1388A、G1376T和A95G突变检测。提示G1388A和G1376T为重庆市新生儿黄疸儿G6PD缺乏症基因突变的主要类型。ARMS法是一种简便、快速、经济的检测G6PD已知基因突变的方法。本研究发现这两种突变类型仅见于中国人和华裔人群,具有遗传学及临床意义。     

人乳头瘤病毒多肽与人免疫球蛋白G融合表达

目的 将人乳头瘤病毒16型(Human papillomavirus type 16，HPV-16)的晚期表达蛋白E7上的抗原24肽(从第38位氨基酸到第61位氨基6病毒感染防治酸)与人免疫球蛋白G的重链恒定区融合表达，并以此融合蛋白作为抗原，可能为HPV-1提供免疫治疗方法。方法 利用PCR方法分别扩增HPV-16 E7(38-61)24肽的DNA片段和人免疫球蛋白G的重链恒定区DNA片段，并构建到pEV21a表达载体上，转化入E．coli中表达，利用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和蛋白质免疫印迹(Western-blotting)的方法对表达结果进行鉴定。结果 构建的表达载体HPV16E7e／hIgGHCCR-pET21a经酶切鉴定和测序显示序列正确；通过SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting的鉴定，重组融合蛋白Mr约40000，表达量可占菌体蛋白的20％左右。结论 成功构建HPV16-E7的抗原多肽片段和人免疫球蛋白G的重链恒定区的融合蛋白，并可在E．coli中高效表达。     

An Unusual Form of Skin Tuberculosis Following B.C.G. Vaccination

A 25-year-old female has had brown to erythematous telangiectatic patches and grouped papules on her face, neck, arm, and trunk since childhood following B.C.G. vaccination. Histopathologically, the lesions consisted of hyperkeratosis, slight acanthosis, tuberculoid granulomas with some Langerhans type giant cells in the mid-dermis. Although various forms of cutaneous tuberculosis after B.C.G. vaccination have been reported, it was difficult for us to assign the patient's skin lesion to any specific disease entity. Remission of her cutaneous lesions occurred clinically and histopathologically after treatment with isoniazid and rifampin.