新疆、甘肃地区甘草质量评价研究

目的 比较新疆与甘肃地区甘草的性状、鉴别特征和有效成分含量,研究在不同生长条件下我国甘草主产区的药材和饮片质量,为甘草的后续开发与利用提供理论依据。方法 采用性状鉴别法对性状进行描述,采用显微鉴别法展现甘草粉末和切片的结构特征,采用高效液相色谱法测定有效成分含量。结果 在性状方面,新疆甘草药材比甘肃甘草药材平均直径略大;在显微方面,两个产地具有基本相同的结构,但新疆家种甘草的淀粉粒数量略多,且平均粒径也略大;在含量方面,新疆甘草中甘草酸平均含量约为甘肃甘草酸平均含量的1.5倍。结论 新疆、甘肃地区甘草的鉴别和质量评价为甘草药材的质量标准研究及甘草药材的后续开发提供理论依据。     

山楂叶总黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性研究

目的:评价山西晋南地区采集的山楂叶中总黄酮的含量及体外抗氧化活性。方法:采用显色法测定总黄酮含量;通过对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydra-zyl, DPPH)、2,2-联氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(2,2′-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]diammonium salt, ABTS)和羟自由基的清除能力评价体外抗氧化活性。结果:山楂叶总黄酮含量为(79.06±2.05)mg/g。总黄酮对DPPH、ABTS自由基清除半数抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC₅₀)分别为(91.63±1.75)和(64.34±4.53)μg/mL,与抗坏血酸相比,相对抗氧化活性(relative antioxidant activity, RAA)分别为40.71%和76.64%;对羟自由基清除率较低,三者均低于同质量浓度下的抗坏血酸。结论:山西晋南地区采集的山楂叶总黄酮含量较高,有较高的抗氧化活性,可...     

牛黄清火丸UHPLC-Orbitrap定性分析及7种成分HPLC含量测定

目的 建立牛黄清火丸化学成分的定性及定量分析方法,完善其质量控制手段。方法 以UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS方法,对牛黄清火丸化学成分进行定性鉴定,并采用HPLC方法同时定量测定牛黄清火丸中7种化学成分(黄芩苷、黄芩素、芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚)。结果 UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS法推断鉴定牛黄清火丸中的23种成分,HPLC法定量分析牛黄清火丸中7种成分在各自范围内线性关系良好(r>0.999 7);平均加样回收率为96.0%～108.0%,RSD为0.7%～2.5%。结论 本研究建立牛黄清火丸UHPLC-Orbitrap定性分析及7种成分HPLC含量测定的方法可定性、定量分析牛黄清火丸中化学成分,可用于牛黄清火丸的质量控制。     

The comparison between measurement of open apices of third molars and Demirjian stages to test chronological age of over 18 year olds in living subjects

This paper concerns a method for assessing adult age based on the relationship between age and the third molar maturity index (I_3M), which is related to the measurement of the open apices of the third molar. Furthermore, this method was compared to those based on Demirjian’s stages G and H. The sample consisted of 906 Caucasian individuals aged between 14 and 23 years (53.6% females and 46.4% males). Orthopantomographs were analyzed by two observers and calibrated by means of the concordance correlation coefficient for the reproducibility of the third molar maturity index (I_3M) and κ statistics for reproducibility of the Demirjian stages. Probabilities for an individual to be older than 18 years of age (adult age) were derived using the measurements of the third molar maturity index (I_3M). These results were exploited to set out a threshold value to assign an individual to juvenile or adult age. A cutoff value of I_3M = 0.08 was taken. The sensitivity of this test was 70% and specificity was 98%. Furthermore, the proportion of individuals with a correct classification was 83%. The results of the test showed a better specificity when compared to the choice of stage G and a better sensitivity when compared to the choice of stage H for adult age.     

深圳航空公司外籍飞行员疾病谱分析

目的 分析外籍飞行员疾病的构成,为民航航卫决策部门和航卫保障提供参考依据.方法 将深圳航空公司参加2006年度体检的89名外籍飞行员按年龄分布、<中国民航航空人员体检疾病分类统计表>疾病类别进行分类计数,并与同期体检的中国籍飞行员作比较. 结果 ①外籍飞行员疾病谱前3位是老视(68.5%)、高脂血症(48.3%)和屈光不正(46.0%).②外籍飞行员年龄主要分布在36～50岁,占71.9%.③外籍飞行员老视、屈光不正患病率高于深圳航空公司中国籍飞行员(x2=75.98、40.60,P<0.01);两者高脂血症、脂肪肝、高血压患病率差异无统计学上的显著性(x2=3.82、1.46、0.04,P>0.05)结论 我国现行的飞行员体检标准与国际间的标准有一定的差别.航卫工作应加强对老年病特别是冠心病和屈光不正的预防和监测.     

枳椇子总黄酮提取工艺及其解酒作用

分别用水和乙醇作为溶剂加热提取枳椇子中的总黄酮,用比色法测定黄酮的含量,分别以提取时间、加热温度、料液比、提取次数等因素进行正交试验.对两种提取方法进行比较,确定各因素对提取效果的影响并对其解酒作用进行研究.水提取法的最优条件是：100 ℃,料液比1 g：8 mL,加热0.5 h,回流提取3次;醇提取法的最佳条件：80 ℃,料液比1 g：6 mL,加热1.5 h,以体积分数50%的乙醇回流提取3次.实验结果显示,醇提取法比水提取法效果更好,枳椇子提取液具有一定的解酒作用.     

Evaluation of volumetric changes of teeth in a Brazilian population by using cone beam computed tomography

The purpose of this study was to test the usefulness of some morphometric parameters of the teeth in 5 different age groups through images of Cone Beam CT. 118 upper central incisors clinically acquired of 60 women and 58 men aged between 22 and 70 years were selected. The hard tissue volume and the pulp cavity volume of each tooth was obtained and computed by the software DentalSlice^® and the measures were assessed (pulp cavity volume, hard tissue volume, tooth volume and pulp cavity/tooth volume ratio). The pulp cavity volume and the pulp cavity/tooth volume ratio showed significant differences between age groups (p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed a coefficient of determination of 0.21 which suggests that there is a weak correlation between the pulp cavity/tooth volume ratio and age.     

冻干驴乳粉中的矿物元素含量测定分析

按国标法对冻干驴乳粉中11种矿物元素含量进行测定,结果表明:驴乳粉含人体必需的常量和微量矿物元素,其中钙819 mg/100g、磷604 mg/100g、钾672 mg/100g、钠183 mg/100g、镁86 mg/100g、氯547 mg/100 g,钙磷比值1.36,钠钾比值0.27,同时还含有铁、锌、锰、铜、硒等。     

HPLC 法测定复方舒霜中醋酸曲安奈德的含量

目的: 建立高效液相法测定复方舒霜中醋酸曲安奈德的含量方法。方法: 采用资生堂CAPCELL
PAK C18 色谱柱; 以甲醇－水( 70: 30) 为流动相; 流速1．0mL/min; 柱温: 25℃; 检测波长: 240nm,等度洗脱。结果:
醋酸曲安奈德的线性范围为10～ 50μg /mL( r = 0．9991,n = 5) ,平均回收率为101．3%,RSD 为0．9%。结论: 该方法
可用于复方舒霜中醋酸曲安奈德的含量测定; 舒霜不同批次间含醋酸曲安奈德量不存在较大差异。     

UHPLC/MSn多模式复合测定玉屏风复方提取物及制剂中13种化学成分含量

目的 建立测定玉屏风提取物中多组分的UHPLC/MSⁿ定量方法。方法 查阅文献,根据玉屏风制剂及其组方各单味药的药效学、药动学分析,选择升麻素苷、毛蕊异黄酮苷、升麻素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、芒柄花苷、亥茅酚苷、芒柄花素、黄芪甲苷Ⅳ、白术内酯Ⅲ、黄芪皂苷Ⅱ、黄芪皂苷Ⅰ、白术内酯Ⅱ、白术内酯Ⅰ等13个化合物作为玉屏风复方的指示性成分进行质量控制。采用ACQUITY UPLC^® HSS T3色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.5 mL/min。结果 在所建立的液相色谱条件下,13种成分的专属性良好,无干扰峰,各成分在线性范围内具有良好的线性关系;回收率为95%~105%,RSD均小于3%。结论 UHPLC/MSⁿ定量方法简便、快速、准确,有助于玉屏风复方的质量控制。