胆木茎中一个新的吲哚生物碱苷

目的研究中药胆木水溶性部位的化学成分。方法采用大孔吸附树脂，硅胶柱色谱和Sephadex LH20凝胶柱色谱分离纯化，通过光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从胆木水溶性部位中分离得到7个化合物，分别鉴定为： naucleamide A-10-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (I)， 5-β-carboxystrictosidin (II)， 獐牙菜苷(III)， 番木鳖苷A(IV)， 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (V)， 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (VI)， 2-phenethylrutinoside (VII)。结论化合物I为新的吲哚类生物碱苷，化合物I～VII均为首次从该植物中分得。     

胡颓子科植物化学成分研究概况

胡颓子科植物共有3属80余种,主要分布于亚洲东南地区和亚洲其他地区。该科植物含有挥发油、脂肪酸、生物碱、萜类等多种化学成分,许多植物还是珍贵的药食两用植物。为推动我国胡颓子科植物资源的更深层次利用和开发,对我国拥有资源的胡颓子科沙棘属(H ipp ophae L.)和胡颓子属(E laeagnus L.)植物的化学成分研究概况做一综述,为本科植物资源的研究和开发提供参考。     

桑叶中糖苷酶抑制活性组分的筛选

目的:筛选桑叶中具有糖苷酶抑制活性的组分。方法:采用柱色谱法将桑叶水提物进行分离,并利用体外糖苷酶抑制模型对活性部位进行跟踪研究,进一步通过小鼠体内糖耐量实验验证其效果。结果:体外和体内实验结果表明桑叶提取物中生物碱、黄酮、多糖等部位均有糖苷酶抑制活性,其中生物碱组分活性最强。结论:桑叶的降糖作用与各组分的糖苷酶抑制活性有关。     

海绵来源真菌黄灰青霉Sp-19中的抗肿瘤活性成分研究

目的对一株来源于羽毛山海绵Mycale plumose的真菌黄灰青霉Penicillium auratiogriseumSp-19发酵产物中的抗肿瘤活性成分进行分离和鉴定。方法采用溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱及制备HPLC等分离手段对该菌株发酵产物的活性部位进行了活性追踪分离,通过理化性质及波谱学手段进行化学结构鉴定,以SRB法评价了化合物的抗肿瘤活性。结果与讨论从发酵产物中分离得到5个生物碱类化合物,其结构分别鉴定为fructigenines A(1),去乙酰化fructigenines A(2),fructigeninesB(3),1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones(4)和cyclopenin(5);化合物4和5在3μg.mL-1时对小鼠乳腺癌tsFT210细胞具有强的细胞毒活性。     

甘肃引种川芎的质量考察

目的通过阿魏酸、总生物碱的含量测定，比较甘肃引种川芎（西芎）与四川引种川芎（川芎）的质量差别。方法采用高效液相色谱法与紫外分光光度法，用川芎与西芎平行试验，以含量测定结果为指标，考察分析西芎的内在质量。结果西芎中阿魏酸含量普遍高于川芎，总生物碱含量略高于川芎。结论甘肃引种川芎（西芎）的质量与四川引种川芎相当。     

紫外线引发苯乙烯对纤维素的接枝

用紫外线引发接枝,研究了苯乙烯在甲醇溶剂中对纤维素的接枝。探讨了在接枝体系中加入多功能团单体(多烯酯)以后,苯乙烯对纤维素接枝所发生的变化,并通过对多功能团单体、溶剂、辐照时间以及硫酸亚铁对接枝率的影响,选出提高接枝率的途径。结果表明,多功能团单体均能明显提高接枝率,其中以1,2,3-三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯为最佳。甲醇是理想的溶剂。随着溶剂分子量的增加,接枝产率逐步下降。     

Identification of soluble fibrinogen fibrin monomer complexes by non-enzymatic polymerisation in the tissue

Summary In states of plasmic hypercoagulability and consumption coagulopathy ethanol favours the non-enzymatic polymerization of circulating soluble fibrinogen fibrin monomer complexes (FFMC) in vitro. The ethanolgelation test of Godal and Abildgaard makes use of this phenomenon, called paracoagulation. The present studies show that it is also possible to visualize soluble FFMC by means of ethanol-gelation. In the electron microscope, FFMC, polymerized non-enzymatically by ethanol in the spleen, are characterized by plump or slender mycelioid fibrillar precipitates that show a uniform rhythmic transverse striation, a period-coincidental filamentary arrangement and an average periodicity of 23 nm. The ultrastructure demonstrates these ethanol-induced filaments to be in vitro-polymerized fibrin monomer derivatives. Paracoagulation with ethanol allows the identification of soluble FFMC in the tissue prior to the formation of highly polymerized fibrin-rich microthrombi, the established equivalents of the DIC-syndrome.The electron microscope studies also show the existence of a second type of fibrillary structure in the tissue polymerized by ethanol. This second type lacks the characteristic periodicity of fibrin and the period-coincidental arrangement of the filamentary structures, but is characterized by closely packed or chain-like aligned, irregularly sized spherical bodies. There is some evidence that these spherical bodies in vitro represent non-enzymatically polymerized complexes of fibrin monomers and fibrin degradation products (FDP), the equivalent of a limited local or generalized fibrinolysis in vivo.Suppported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft — Sonderforschungsbereich 90, CardiovasculÄres System, University of Heidelberg     

Evaluation in vinyl chloride monomer-exposed workers and the relationship between liver lesions and gene polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes

AIM: To analyze occupational health hazards exposure to doses lower than the Chinese occupational health standard in a selected VC polymerization plant in China, and also to elucidate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility on liver lesions of workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer(VCM). METHODS: In order to explore the mechanism of VCM-related health effects, we used a case-control design to investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes and liver lesions in workers occupationally exposed to VCM. Genotypes of CYP2E1, GSTT1, GSTM1, ALDH2 and ADH2 were identified using PCR and PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: Even when the concentration of VCM was lower than the current Chinese occupational health standard, neurasthenia, pharyngeal irritation, liver ultrasonography abnormalities and hemoglobin disorders were significantly higher in exposure subjects compared to non-exposure subjects, and the relative risks(RR and 95% CI) were 1.74(1.06-2.85), 1.97(1.56-2.48), 10.69(4.38-26.12), and 2.07(1.20-3.57). CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2 genotype was significantly associated with liver damages(OR3.29, 95% CI 1.51-7.20, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The incidences of neurasthenia and liver ultrasonography abnormalities significantly increase when the cumulative exposure dose increases. The genotypes of metabolic enzymes(CYP2E1 c1c2/c2c2, null GSTT1 and ADH2 1-1) play important roles in VCM metabolism. Polymorphisms of CYP 2E1, GSTT1 and ADH2 may be a major reason of genetic susceptibility in VCM-induced hepatic damage.     

Antimalarial activity screening of some alkaloids and the plant extracts from Amaryllidaceae

Four groups of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, namely lycorine-, crinine-, tazettine-, and galanthamine-type, as well as plant extracts of the Amaryllidaceae plants (Pancratium maritimum, Leucojum aestivum, and Narcissus tazetta ssp. tazetta) growing in Turkey were evaluated in vitro for their ability to inhibit Plasmodium falciparum growth by a high-throughput screening method with a 96-well microtiter plate. All four groups of alkaloids exhibited antimalarial activity at different potencies. 6-Hydroxyhaemanthamine, haemanthamine and lycorine were found to be the most potent alkaloids against P. falciparum (T9.96) and galanthamine and tazettine had the least potent activity against P. falciparum (K1).     

Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum racemulosum Franch var. pengzhouense

A new diterpenoid alkaloid, racemulotine (1), was isolated from the whole plants of Aconitum racemulosum Franch var. pengzhouense, and its structure was elucidated by 1D-and 2D-NMR spectra.