绿舒筋总生物碱对人肝癌细胞抑制作用

目的:研究绿舒筋对体外培养肝癌细胞株的抑制效应.方法:采用乳酸脱氢酶释放法测定绿舒筋、5-Fu、环磷酰胺对体外培养肝癌细胞株的毒性作用.结果:绿舒筋具有抑制肿瘤生长作用,并随药物浓度增加其效应增强,其效应类似于5-Fu和环磷酰胺.结论:绿舒筋具有较好的抗肿瘤细胞生长作用,可望成为临床抗癌药物.     

浙贝母实生鳞茎中总生物碱含量的测定

测定了中药浙贝母不同生长年限、不同品种及不同栽培地点实生鳞茎中总生物碱的含量,结果表明符合药典要求,可供药用,为有性繁殖应用于生产提供依据。     

狭序唐松草化学成分的研究(Ⅲ)

从狭窄唐松草Ｔｈａｌｉｃｔｒｕｍ ａｔｒｉｐｌｅｘ Ｆｉｎｅｒｒ ｅｔ Ｇａｎｇｅｐ．地上部分分离并鉴定了６个化合物,其中４个为生物碱,即：Ｎ－ｍｅｔｈｙｌｌａｕｒｏｔｅｔａｎｉｎｅ,（Ⅰ）、ｉｓｏｂｏｄｉｎｅ（Ⅱ）、ｔｈａｌｉｇｓｏｐｙｎｉｅ（Ⅲ）和Ｎ－ｍｅｔｈｙｌｃｏｃｕｌａｒｉｎｅ（Ⅳ）,２个为非生物碱,即：异槲皮苷（Ⅴ）和乙醇－（３,４－二羟基）－苯乙酯（Ⅳ）。６个化合物均为首次从该植物中     

黄花乌头中生物碱类化学成分的研究

目的进一步研究毛茛科植物黄花乌头Aconitum coreanum的化学成分，寻找更多有活性的生物碱类物质。方法采用乙醇提取、溶剂萃取、氧化铝柱色谱方法进行分离纯化有关成分，根据理化性质和谱学分析(IR，ESI—MS，^1H—NMR，^13C—NMR，^1H-^1HCOSY，HMQC，HMBC)进行结构鉴定。结果从黄花乌头根中分离得到7个化合物，分别鉴定为：11，13-二乙酰基-14-羟基-2-异丁酰基-赫替新(11，13-diacetyl-14-hydroxy-2-isobutyryl hetisine，Ⅰ)、关附庚素(guan—fubase G，Ⅱ)、关附己素(guan—fu base F，Ⅲ)、关附Z素(guan—fu base Z，Ⅳ)、关附壬素(guan—fu base I，Ⅴ)、关附子素(guan—fu baseK，Ⅵ)、关附胺醇(guan—fu aminealcohol，Ⅶ)。结论化合物Ⅰ为新天然产物，命名为关附巳素(guan—fu base P)，首次报道其氢谱和碳谱数据。     

Investigation of the in vitro and ex vivo acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities of traditionally used Lycopodium species from South America on alkaloid extracts

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The study was aimed at evaluating medicinal and therapeutic potentials of two Lycopodiaceae species, Lycopodium clavatum (L.) and Lycopodium thyoides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd), both used in South American folk medicine for central nervous system conditions. Alkaloid extracts were evaluated for chemical characterization, acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities.

Materials and methods

The alkaloid extracts obtained by alkaline extraction were determined for each species by GC/MS examination. The evaluation of the anticholinesterase and the antioxidant activities of the extracts were tested by determining in vitro and ex vivo models. Effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were tested in vitro using rat brain homogenates and ex vivo after a single administration (25, 10 and 1 mg/kg i.p.) of the alkaloid extracts in mice. The in vitro antioxidant effects were tested for the 2-deoxyribose degradation, nitric oxide (NO) interaction, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP). After an acute administration (25 and 10 mg/kg i.p.) of the extracts in middle-aged (12 months) mice, the antioxidant effects were estimated through the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances test (TBARS), and the antioxidant enzymes activities for catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured.

Results

AChE activity was inhibited in vitro by the alkaloid-enriched extracts of both Lycopodium species in a dose and time-dependent manner in rat cortex, striatum and hippocampus. A significant inhibition was also observed in areas of the brain after acute administration of extracts, as well as decreased lipid peroxidation and increased CAT activity in the cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. A moderate antioxidant activity was observed in vitro for the extracts. Chemically, the main alkaloids found for the two species were lycopodine and acetyldihidrolycopodine.

Conclusion

This study showed that the biological properties of the folk medicinal plants Lycopodium clavatum and Lycopodium thyoides include AChE inhibitory activity and antioxidant effects, two possible mechanisms of action in Alzheimer's related processes.     

龙葵碱对S180小鼠红细胞膜唾液酸和封闭度的影响

目的观察龙葵碱对S180小鼠红细胞膜唾液酸(SA)水平和红细胞膜封闭度的影响。方法采用比色法测定S180荷瘤小鼠的红细胞膜表面的SA水平和封闭度。结果龙葵碱能显著升高S180小鼠红细胞膜表面的SA水平和增加红细胞膜的封闭度,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论龙葵碱可能是通过增加红细胞膜表面的SA水平和增加封闭度来达到抗肿瘤作用的。     

灯台树叶中鸭脚树叶碱型生物碱

目的：研究云南当地药材灯台树的化学成分．方法：运用硅胶柱色谱分离，光谱技术（核磁共振，红外，紫外和质谱）鉴定结构。结果：从灯台树叶中分离到4个鸭脚树叶碱类型的单萜吲哚生物碱：5β-methoxyaspidophylline（1），鸭脚树叶碱（2），鸭脚树叶醛（3），5-methoxystrictamine（4）．结论：1是一个新化合物.     

灰绿黄堇生物碱化学成分研究Ⅱ

目的:研究灰绿黄堇Corydalis adunca生物碱的化学成分。方法:按不同的pH值,对95%乙醇热提浸膏进行分段处理,柱色谱分离,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术等进行结构鉴定。结果:从灰绿黄堇中分离得到4个生物碱:四氢巴马亭(Ⅰ),1,2,3,4-四氢-6-甲氧基-1-[4′-羟基苯基]甲基-7-异喹啉醇(Ⅱ),黄连碱(Ⅲ),巴马亭(Ⅳ)。结论:4个化合物均是首次从该植物中得到。     

博落回中生物碱质谱裂解规律研究进展

博落回中生物碱的代谢途径可简化为：氨基酸→苄基异喹啉类生物碱→四氢原小檗碱型生物碱（或者转化成阿朴芬类生物碱）→N-甲基-四氢原小檗碱型生物碱（或者转化成原小檗碱型生物碱）→普罗托品类生物碱→二氢苯并菲啶类生物碱→苯并菲啶类生物碱→苯并菲啶类生物碱二聚体。对博落回代谢途径中9类生物碱质谱裂解规律的总结,为利用质谱裂解方式初步确定生物碱的结构类型;利用LC-MS鉴定不同产地、不同时期、不同部位博落回中标识性生物碱;以博落回中生物碱为原料而开发的中兽药药动学以及药物残留的研究;解析博落回中微量生物碱的结构式以及对其他天然药物中同类生物碱的质谱研究提供参考。     

4种内生真菌对金钗石斛无菌苗生长及其多糖和总生物碱含量的影响

目的 :研究离体培养时 4种菌根真菌对金钗石斛生长及化学成分含量的影响。方法 :利用纯培养的菌根真菌分别与金钗石斛无菌苗共生培养 ,观测它们对金钗石斛生长及其多糖和总生物碱含量的影响。结果 :与对照相比 ,Mycena sp. (MF2 3 )极显著降低了金钗石斛鲜重的 2 4.9% (P<0 .0 1) ;所有实验菌株对金钗石斛干重均无显著性影响 ;Epulorhiza sp. (MF18)和MF2 3显著提高了金钗石斛的折干率 (P<0.0 5) ,Mycena sp. (MF2 4)极显著提高了金钗石斛的折干率 (P<0. 0 1) ,分别最多提高了 51.3 % ,43 8%和 63. 3 % ;Epulorhizasp (MF15)和MF2 4比对照极显著增加了金钗石斛气生根数量的 4.25倍和 4.13倍 (P<0 .0 1) ;MF2 3极显著减少了金钗石斛基生根数量的46.5% (P<0. 0 1) ;MF15,MF18,MF2 3和MF2 4分别可使金钗石斛多糖含量提高 153 .4% ,52. 1% ,18.5% ,76.7% ;MF2 3使金钗石斛总生物碱含量提高 18.3 %。结论 :在离体培养条件下 ,内生真菌与金钗石斛共生培养能影响金钗石斛的生长和总生物碱的含量 ,提高多糖的含量。