Safety and efficacy of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (SCT200) as second-line therapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Objective: The mainstay treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) involves chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, alternative therapies are required for patients who are refractory or intolerant to existing therapies.Methods: In this single-arm, multicenter, open-label phase Ib study, 30 patients received an intravenous infusion of SCT200, an antiepidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) monoclonal antibody, 6.0 mg/kg once a week for 6 weeks, followed by 8.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks u...     

抗氯霉素单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的制备及筛选

目的获得稳定、高效分泌抗氯霉素单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。方法以CAP-HS-BSA免疫BALB/c小鼠,用细胞融合技术筛选抗氯霉素单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞,体内诱生腹水法大量制备单抗。捕获ELISA法测定小鼠免疫球蛋白亚型,间接ELISA法测定腹水效价;用两步硫酸铵法和G蛋白亲和层析法来纯化腹水。结果成功建立了一株分泌抗CAP单克隆抗体（McAb）的杂交瘤细胞4D10。经检测,其分泌的抗体亚类为IgG1,杂交瘤染色体数目90-110条,间接ELISA检测诱生小鼠腹水的抗体效价达1∶2.56×105,纯度达95%,该细胞连续培养生物学性状稳定。结论成功制备的抗氯霉素单克隆抗体4D10效价高、纯度高,为利用该单抗研制检测氯霉素残留试剂盒提供原材料。     

高压液相色谱法纯化抗人大肠癌单克隆抗体

采用Ｂｉｏ－Ｒａｄ公司的ＭＡＰＳ１００单克隆抗体纯化系统，利用羟基磷灰石层析柱对鼠腹水中抗人大肠癌单克隆抗体进行分离纯化。结果：还原性ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ显示所获抗体为单一组分，ＥＬＩＳＡ证实抗体活性满意，所获抗体收率为２３％～５２％，重复进样收率稳定（３８．６３±２．２６）％，ｎ＝３。     

PorA variable regions of Neisseria meningitidis

Subtypes, defined by variation in the outer membrane protein PorA, are an integral part of the characterization scheme for Neisseria meningitidis. Identification of these variants remains important as the PorA protein is a major immunogenic component of several meningococcal vaccines under development, and characteristics of PorA are used to provide detailed epidemiologic information. Historically, serosubtypes have been defined by reactivity with a set of monoclonal antibodies. However, nucleotide sequence analyses of porA genes have established that the panel of serosubtyping monoclonal antibodies is not exhaustive, and many porA variants cannot be detected. In addition, the nomenclature system used to define subtypes is inadequate. We examined all available nucleotide sequences of the porA VR1 and VR2 regions to identify and define subtype families. A revised nomenclature scheme, compatible with the previous serologic nomenclature scheme, was devised. A Web-accessible database describing this nomenclature and its relationship to previous schemes was established (available from: http://neisseria.org/nm/typing/pora).     

Influenza B: Prospects for the Development of Cross-Protective Vaccines

In this review, we analyze the epidemiological and ecological features of influenza B, one of the most common and severe respiratory infections. The review presents various strategies for cross-protective influenza B vaccine development, including recombinant viruses, virus-like particles, and recombinant proteins. We provide an overview of viral proteins as cross-protective vaccine targets, along with other updated broadly protective vaccine strategies. The importance of developing such vaccines lies not only in influenza B prevention, but also in the very attractive prospect of eradicating the influenza B virus in the human population.     

人工流产术后尿绒毛膜促性腺激素的消退

采用人绒毛膜促性腺激紊(HCG)单克隆抗体酶标试剂,对36例停经36d 至60d 的孕妇人工流产术后尿 HCG 消退情况进行观察。从流产术后第5d 起,每天留晨尿测 HCG,结果表明,在流产手术十分成功时,尿 HCG 转阴的时间为手术后第6天至第14天。木法较其他方法简便、迅遗、可靠,易为病人所接受,在随访人工流产和葡萄胎流产术后尿 HCG 的变化时,具有重要性。     

一组抗人T淋巴细胞表面抗原单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

用鼠细胞融合杂交瘤技术,获得3株分泌抗人T淋巴细胞表面抗原的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株,分别为SMU_1、SMU_2、SMU_3,为IgG_1类,不与补体结合。间接免疫荧光法表明,SMU_1、SMU_3分别与50.3±6.42%和51.5±6.37%的周血单个核细胞反应,SMU_2与68.89±9.92%的周血半个核细胞及74.68±8.08%的成熟粒细胞反应,3株单抗的分子量为54～62kD(未还原)。调变试验及竞争抑制试验表明SMU_1、SMU_3与WuT_3识别相同的抗原分子,但为不同的表位。SMU_2为一非系限性单抗。本组单抗对研究T淋巴细胞分化及临床白血病免疫分型是有意义的。     

血清CEA测定及免疫显像诊断卵巢癌的研究

对19例卵巢肿瘤患者进行了术前血清CEA测定和~(131)I-CEA单克隆抗体免疫显像,使用γ-闪烁显像辅以微机图像处理技术获得较好效果。19例均经手术病理证实。12例卵巢癌术后复发病人7例血清CEA>0.15mg/L,11例免疫显像阳性,1例假阴性。7例卵巢良性肿瘤1例血清CEA>0.15mg/L,免疫显像均为阴性。免疫显像在发现转移灶的同时亦可直接显示病灶的位置,形态,大小与数量。     

人睾丸和卵巢抑制素样物质的免疫组织化学定位

用人抑制素α亚基单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）腹水作为第一抗体，采用链霉卵白素－生物素－过氧化物酶（ＬＳＡＢ）免疫组织化学方法，在光镜下对人睾丸和卵巢中抑制素样免疫活性物质进行定位观察，结果显示：人睾丸Ｓｅｒｔｏｌｉ细胞、Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ细胞、精原细胞、精母细胞和卵巢颗粒细胞、泡膜细胞及间质细胞等胞浆内存在人抑制素α亚基ＭｃＡｂ的阳性免疫染色反应，提示：这些细胞为抑制素的分泌来源。     

Immunotoxin Against a Donor MHC Class II Molecule Induces Indefinite Survival of Murine Kidney Allografts

Rejection of donor organs depends on the trafficking of donor passenger leukocytes to the secondary lymphoid organs of the recipient to elicit an immune response via the direct antigen presentation pathway. Therefore, the depletion of passenger leukocytes may be clinically applicable as a strategy to improve graft survival. Because major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II⁺ cells are most efficient at inducing immune responses, selective depletion of this population from donor grafts may dampen the alloimmune response and prolong graft survival. In a fully MHC mismatched mouse kidney allograft model, we describe the synthesis of an immunotoxin, consisting of the F(ab′)₂ fragment of a monoclonal antibody against the donor MHC class II molecule I‐A^k conjugated with the plant‐derived ribosomal inactivating protein gelonin. This anti–I‐A^k gelonin immunotoxin depletes I‐A^k expressing cells specifically in vitro and in vivo. When given to recipients of kidney allografts, it resulted in indefinite graft survival with normal graft function, presence of Foxp3⁺ cells within donor grafts, diminished donor‐specific antibody formation, and delayed rejection of subsequent donor‐type skin grafts. Strategies aimed at the donor arm of the immune system using agents such as immunotoxins may be a useful adjuvant to existing recipient‐orientated immunosuppression.