HBV基因组转染对小鼠NIH3T3细胞内基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子的转录调控作用

ObjectiveTo understand the mechanism of liver cirrhosis after the infection of hepatitis B virus.MethodsMouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells were transfected with 3.2 kb HBV DND by exposure of the cells to calcium phosphate.The change of the levels of mRNA for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1and 2(TIMP1,2) was detected in mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells and the cells of transfection with HBV Genome by in situ hybridization.ResultsThe levels of mRNA for TIMP1 and TIMP2 were increased significantly.ConclusionHBV infection can induce the expression of the mRNA for TIMP1 and TIMP2.     

Importance of Metalloproteinases and Macrophages in Viper Snake Envenomation–Induced Local Inflammation

The inflammatory action of jararhagin, a hemorrhagic metalloproteinase from Bothrops jararaca venom, was studied in mice using dorsal air pouches. The injection of the toxin in 6-day-old air pouches resulted in a leukocyte accumulation comparable to that induced by LPS and whole venom. Polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells were present in this infiltrate, with a predominance of neutrophils. Treatment of jararhagin with 1,10-phenantroline abolished its proteolytic activity and reduced the pro-inflammatory effect in approximately 50%. Cell influx was not observed when jararhagin was injected into 1-hr air pouches devoid of macrophages, except when it was injected together with 10⁶ syngeneic peritoneal macrophages. Supernatants of macrophages stimulated in vitro with jararhagin did not induce leukocyte influx in 1-hr air pouches; the influx occurred after injection of the pellets of stimulated cultures. In summary, jararhagin is an important pro-inflammatory component of B. jararaca venom, and its activity is dependent upon the proteolytic activity and the presence of macrophages.     

Endocrinology and paracrinology: Roles of growth factors during peri-implantation development

Several growth factor ligand and receptor gene products havebeen shown to play roles during preimplantation mammalian development.Genes for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), transforming growthfactors (TGFs), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet-derivedgrowth factor (PDGF) and receptors for insulin, IGF, PDGF, TGFand epidermal growth factor (EGF) are expressed by early embryosof several species including mouse, rat, cow and sheep. Rolesof growth factors during early development have been demonstratedby addition of purified growth factors to culture medium orby molecular genetic techniques that interfere with gene expression.In this way, it has been shown that successful development ofthe blastocyst is dependent on the action of epidermal growthfactor (EGF) and leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Recent experimentsshow that both LIF and EGF stimulate secretion of urokinase-typeplasminogen activator (uPA) and gelatinase B/ matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in day 7 mouse blastocyst outgrowths. At the same time,tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) are also expressed by embryonic,decidual and uterine tissues during the implantation process.It appears that LIF may act directly or indirectly, by inducingthe expression of other cytokines, to regulate the temporaland spatial production and activity of proteases and proteaseinhibitors to create a favourable environment for implantation.     

凝血酶对大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的影响

目的 :探讨凝血酶 (Thrombin ,TM )对脑微血管内皮的影响。方法 :将大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞进行培养 ,培养液中加入 10U的TM或10U的TM + 0 .4mU的组织蛋白酶G(CaspethsinG ,CATG ) ,相差显微镜动态观察内皮细胞形态的变化 ,免疫组织化学技术检测基质金属蛋白酶 2 (MatrixMetalloproteinase 2 ,MMP 2 )表达的改变。 结果 :TM使内皮细胞发生收缩 ,细胞收缩程度具有时间依赖性 ,使内皮细胞MMP 2表达水平明显增加。TM +CATG加入培养液后 ,细胞形态、MMP 2表达与对照组比较均无明显统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :TM通过激活蛋白酶激活受体 1(proteaseactivatedreceptor 1,PAR 1) ,使内皮细胞发生收缩 ,促进MMP 2表达 ,是TM增加血脑屏障 (BloodBrainBarrier,BBB)通透性的可能机制。     

Eutopic endometrium and peritoneal,ovarian and bowel endometriotic tissues express a different profile of matrix metalloproteinases-2, -3 and -11, and of tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases-1 and -2

Endometriosis is subsequent to the ability of endometrial glands to invade normal tissues. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)—enzymes that mediate normal tissue turnover, including endometrial breakdown during menstruation—appear to be involved in this invasive process. Here, we examined the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-11, tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in endometrium from women with (n=9) or without endometriosis (n=18) in comparison with peritoneal (n=20), ovarian (n=20) and colorectal endometriosis (n=20). Women with endometriosis showed decreased endometrial MMP-2 expression compared with women without endometriosis (mean±SD positive cells: 24.3±28.3% and 69.3±12.1%), together with loss of MMP-3 expression (0 versus 17.5%±20.2). MMP-11, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression was similar in the two groups. Endometrial MMP-2, -3 and -11 expression and TIMP-1 and -2 expression were similar in women with endometriosis and in those with peritoneal endometriosis. MMP-2, -3 and -11 expression was higher in colorectal endometriosis than in ovarian and peritoneal endometriosis. TIMP-2 expression was lower in colorectal endometriosis (P=0.0002) and ovarian endometriotic cysts (P=0.003) than in peritoneal endometriosis. TIMP-1 expression did not vary according to the location of endometriotic lesions. These results suggest that MMP-2 and -3 and TIMP-2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Interestingly, MMP-2 and -3 overexpression was related to the infiltrative nature of endometriotic lesions, with possible sequential expression from peritoneal to colorectal endometriosis.     

滋养层细胞侵入相关基因在先兆子痫胎盘中的表达

探讨与滋养层侵入有关的细胞外基质分子相关基因在先兆子痫胎盘中的表达，采用分别点样有220余种人细胞因子相关基因和人类激素相关基因cDNA片段的两款基因芯片，检测经过严格配伍的先兆子痫和正常胎盘组织的基因表达谱差异。结果显示：钙粘蛋白、胶原、整合素、选择蛋白等18种细胞外基质分子基因的表达在先兆子痫和正常胎盘组织间相差2倍以上，且全部表现为在先兆子痫胎盘中的表达增强。先兆子痫患者的胎盘组织中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-10、-13、-15和金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子(TIMP)-2、TIMP-3、纤溶酶原、纤溶酶原激活物等的表达均较正常者高。提示胎盘中细胞外基质分子及其降解酶基因表达异常可能与先兆子痫的病理发生关系密切。     

Regulation of tissue-degrading factors and in vitro invasiveness in progression of breast cancer cells

Hormone-independent growth and invasiveness represent phenotypic properties acquired during early progression of breast cancer. We compared human mammary adenocarcinoma cells, MCF-7, which are estrogen-dependent and poorly metastatic, with the estrogen-independent and highly metastatic subline, MCF7/LCC1, with regard to expression of tissue-degrading factors of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-and urokinase (uPA)-dependent degradative pathways, as well as for their in vitro invasive properties. Both cell lines showed low constitutive mRNA expression of the MMP inhibitor TIMP-1. Baseline expression of TIMP-2 mRNA was also very low in MCF-7 cells, whereas the MCF7/LCC1 level was much higher (~10- fold). Furthermore, both cell lines revealed low constitutive capacity to migrate in an in vitro invasion assay. Treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 100 nM) induced the mRNAs for TIMP-1 as well as for MMP-1, MMP-9, the uPA receptor, and the uPA inhibitor PAI-1, am ongst which only the responses of MMP-9 and PAI-1 were cell-specific. The mRNA levels of MMP-9 and PAI-1 were ~10-fold and ~15-fold higher in MCF7/LCC1 cells compared to MCF-7 cells. The secretion of immuno-reactive PAI-1 was considerably elevated (. 20-fold) in TPA-treated MCF7/LCC1 cells, whereas the TPA-dependent level of 92-kDa MMP-9 was only ~2-fold higher in MCF7/LCC1 cells than in MCF-7 cells. In both cell lines treatment with TPA was associated with an increase (~10-fold) in in vitro migration, which in the MCF7/LCC1 cells was significantly attenuated by a reconstituted basement membrane extract (Matrigel). These data suggest that TPA-responsive in vitro invasive properties that are probably associ-ated with PAI-1 expression may co-vary with progression from hormone-dependent to -independent breast cancer. © Rapid Science 1998     

A new pseudo-peptide of Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) with inhibitory effect on tumor metastasis and enzymatic degradation of extracellular matrix

A series of pseudo-peptide analogs of the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence of fibronectin have been synthe-sized, and their anti-metastatic effects in mice and inhibitory effects on tumor cell invasion in vitro have been examined. The partially modified retro pseudo-peptide of RGD, R_rev-COCH₂CO-D (FC-63), was more effective in inhibiting tumor metastasis than the original RGDS peptide. Replacement of the malonyl moiety of FC-63 with a carboxyethylene linkage (R_rev-COCH₂CH₂-D, FC-303 ) achieved more potent inhibition of lung metastasis of melanoma cells than FC-63. Among the analogs, FC-336, a p-xylylendiamine derivative having two FC-303 moieties, showed the most potent inhibitory effect on experimental lung metastasis produced by i.v. co-injection with B16-BL6 melanoma or colon 26 M3.1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Multiple administrations of FC-336 after tumor inoculation also showed efficient therapeutic potency against spontaneous lung metastasis of B16-BL6 melanoma in mice. Furthermore, FC-336 effectively inhibited the invasion, migration and adhesion of tumor cells in vitro, but its inhibitory effects were not more than those of RGDS peptide. Zymography analysis revealed that FC-336 inhibited the degradation of gelatin substrate by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) produced by tumor cells, while the RGDS peptide did not affect the enzymatic degradation. These findings indicate that the pseudo-peptides of the RGD sequence, possessing the inhibitory property of the degradation by MMPs differently from original RGD-containing peptides, may be advantageous and useful in preventing tumor metastasis. © Rapid Science 1998     

Conversion of highly malignant colon cancer from an aggressive to a controlled disease by oral administration of a metalloproteinase inhibitor

In this study, we describe the activity of CT1746, an orally-active synthetic MMP inhibitor that has a greater specificity for gelatinase A, gelatinase B and stromelysin than for interstitial collagenase and matrilysin, in a nude mouse model that better mimics the clinical development of human colon cancer. The model is constructed by surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI) of histologically-intact tissue of the metastatic human colon tumor cell line Co-3. Animals were gavaged with CT1746 twice a day at 100 mg/kg for 5 days after the SOI of Co-3 for 43 days. In this model CT1746 significantly prolonged the median survival time of the tumor-bearing animals from 51 to 78 days. Significant efficacy of CT1746 was observed on primary tumor growth (32% reduction in mean tumor area at day 36), total spread and metastasis (6/20 treated animals had no detectable spread and metastasis at autopsy compared to 100% incidence of secondaries in control groups). Efficacy of CT1746 could also be seen on reducing tumor spread and metastasis to individual organ sites such as the abdominal wall, cecum and lymph nodes compared to vehicle and untreated controls. We conclude that chronic administration of a peptidomimetic MMP inhibitor via the oral route is feasible and results in inhibition of solid tumor growth, spread and metastasis with increase in survival in this model of human cancer, thus converting aggressive cancer to a more controlled indolent disease.     

53例涎腺腺样囊性癌MMP—2和MMP—9表达与神经浸润和淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究涎腺腺样囊性癌MMP-2和MMP-9表达情况,评估其与涎腺腺样囊性癌神经浸润和淋巴 结转移的关系。方法选取53例涎腺腺样囊性癌,以抗MMP-2和MMP-9单克隆抗体用Envision法进行免疫 组织化学染色和半定量分析。结果MMP-2和MMP-9在涎腺腺样囊性癌中的表达率分别为67.92％和 79.25％;有神经浸润的腺样囊性癌其MMP-2和MMP-9的表达水平远高于无浸润者(P＜0.05,P＜0.05);随 着MMP-2和MMP-9的表达水平增高,淋巴结转移率也增高(P＜0.05,P＜0.05)。结论提示MMP-2和 MMP-9的高表达与涎腺腺样囊性癌易侵犯神经的特性及发生淋巴结转移密切相关。