基于“药辅合一”理念的Pickering乳技术提升儿科用药羚珠散中石菖蒲挥发油热稳定性的研究

目的 在“药辅合一”理念下导入Pickering乳技术,提升儿科用药羚珠散中石菖蒲挥发油的稳定性。方法 对羚珠散各饮片粉末进行初步表征,确定稳定剂。通过成乳量、包油量和乳剂形态筛选出最佳稳定剂质量浓度、油水比和制备方法。并使用近红外光谱（nearinfraredspectroscopy,NIRS）分析石菖蒲油在Pickering乳中的包裹状态。比较不同时间下各组别挥发油的保有量、丙二醛和过氧化物的含量。再通过GC-MS分析其中成分的变化趋势。结果 筛选出珍珠粉作为Pickering乳的稳定剂,珍珠粉质量浓度为65 mg/mL,油水比9∶11为最优成乳条件,高压均质法为最优的制备方法,NIRS分析可知石菖蒲挥发油被珍珠粉包裹,Pickering乳液中没有形成新的化学键。对比各组在不同时间段下石菖蒲油的保有率和其中丙二醛和过氧化物含量,可知40℃放置1、3、8 h的Pickering乳剂相比于石菖蒲挥发油组有更高的保有率和更低的氧化程度。GC-MS分析结果表明,相比于石菖蒲挥发油组,Pickering乳组挥发性成分的稳定性显著提高。结论 在“药辅合一”理念下Pickering乳可用于含油固...     

对照分析剖宫产术前预防应用抗菌药物的临床效果

目的探讨术前预防应用抗菌药对剖宫产术后切口感染的防治效果。方法抽选2013年3月—2014年3月入院的60例剖宫产患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,前者术前不用药,后者于术前30 min静滴0.9%氯化钠溶液100 m L+1 g头孢曲松钠,术后均进行抗感染治疗,比较剖宫产术后情况。结果观察组细菌培养阳性率为10.00%(3/30),脓性渗出和盆腔炎发生率分别为3.33%(1/30)和0%,均优于对照组26.67%(8/30)、10%(3/30)和6.67%(2/30),P<0.05,差异有统计学意义;术后观察组WBC、CRP水平均低于对照组,退热时间(2.21±1.43)d短于对照组,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论剖宫产术前预防应用抗菌药对术后感染有一定预防作用,联合术后抗感染,提高剖宫产术预后效果。     

Evaluation of factors related to glycaemic control among South Korean patients with type 2 diabetes

Aims

To examine specific self‐care behaviours, depression, and diabetes‐related stress among South Korean patients with type 2 diabetes and to evaluate whether these factors are related to glycaemic control.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study included 171 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited an endocrinology clinic. A structured questionnaire and electronic medical records were used to collect data regarding self‐care behaviours, depression, diabetes‐related distress, and glycaemic control between May 2015 and July 2015.

Results

Compared with the group with good glycaemic control, the group with poor glycaemic control had significantly lower values for medication adherence and significantly greater values for regimen‐related distress. Depression was not significantly associated with glycaemic control. In logistic regression analysis, only medication adherence was independently associated with glycaemic control.

Conclusions

Medication adherence should be continuously emphasized and monitored in clinical practice to effectively manage glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, consideration of diabetes‐related distress may help improve glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes.     

Oral antineoplastic agents: how do we care about adherence?

AimsOral therapies, including hormone‐based or targeted therapies, have recently taken an increasing place in cancer treatment. In this context, a state of the art of the available studies dealing with the adherence of adult patients to oral anticancer treatment is warranted. The purpose of this review is to address (i) the association between assessment methods and measured adherence, (ii) the putative factors related to adherence and (iii) new ways of improving adherence to oral cancer therapies.MethodsWe conducted a literature‐based narrative review of studies obtained from Pubmed using medical subject heading terms and free‐text terms combining concepts related to oral anticancer medication and adherence.ResultsThe analysis is based on 48 studies published since 1990, mostly assessing hormone‐based therapy in breast cancer and targeted therapies in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Various methods of adherence were reported including self‐report, medication measurement or combinations of methods. Adherence rates were found to vary from 14% to 100%. Beside patient related‐factors, adherence rate discrepancies were found to be dependent on the method used. Furthermore, there was no consensual definition of adherence even regarding the same methods, some of them tolerating a period of interruption during the treatment period. Finally, several studies addressing persistence found a progressive decrease in adherence with time.ConclusionAdherence to novel oral therapies is a major issue and further research is warranted to standardize adherence assessment in clinical studies better and to define better the most appropriate approaches to improve long term adherence in oncology practice.