Effects of vaporized perfluorohexane and partial liquid ventilation on regional distribution of alveolar damage in experimental lung injury

Objective To determine whether the patterns of distribution of histological effects of vaporized perfluorohexane (PFH) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) differ significantly in acute lung injury. Design and setting Experimental study in an animal research laboratory. Subjects Eighteen pigs. Interventions After induction of acute lung injury by means of infusion of oleic acid animals were randomly assigned to PFH, PLV, or gas ventilation (GV) groups. Six hours thereafter animals were killed, and lung tissue samples were taken for analysis. Measurements and results Histopathological analysis revealed less damage with PFH than with GV or PLV in the nondependent and central regions. PFH and PLV showed less injury in the dependent regions than GV. GV and PFH were associated with less histological damage in the nondependent than the dependent regions, whereas PLV presented the opposite pattern. Morphometric analysis showed increased aeration in nondependent than dependent regions with PFH and GV. PLV led to more aeration in the periphery than in central areas. Conclusions PFH was associated with a more homogeneous attenuation of alveolar damage across the lungs, although this therapy had more pronounced effects in nondependent zones. PLV showed the opposite pattern, with more important reduction in alveolar damage in dependent lung regions. Interestingly, reduction in alveolar damage with PFH was as effective as with PLV in dependent zones. Our findings suggest that vaporized perfluorocarbon could be advantageous as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of acute lung injury. Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. This work was supported by grant nos. AB 135/1-1 and HU 818/3-1 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Bonn, Germany An erratum to this article can be found at     

Elevated serum transforming growth factor β1 level in primary lung cancer patients with finger clubbing

The mechanism causing finger clubbing in patients with lung cancer (LC) is still unclear. We compared age, cigarette consumption, data on blood gas analysis and pulmonary function tests among patients with LC with clubbing ( n  = 30) and without clubbing ( n  = 28) and among patients with pulmonary emphysema (PE) with ( n  = 11) and without clubbing ( n  = 17). We also examined serum concentrations of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the patients and healthy volunteers ( n  = 21). There were no differences in age or cigarette consumption. LC groups showed normal levels of P a O ₂ and P a CO ₂, suggesting that neither hypoxaemia nor hypercapnia caused clubbing in these patients. The level of serum TGFβ1 in patients with LC with clubbing was significantly higher than in other groups ( P  < 0.005), whereas levels of IGF-I did not differ among the groups. Our data suggest that TGFβ1 may play a role in the mechanism of clubbing in patients with LC.     

硫氧还蛋白基因TXN单核苷酸多态性与中国汉族人群肺癌易感性研究

目的 探讨硫氧还蛋白基因TXN的单核苷酸多态性与肺癌易感性间的关系.方法 采集经病理组织学确诊的肺癌患者292例,相同地区、性别、年龄频数匹配的体检健康对照307例,针对筛选出的TXN基因9个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点进行基因型检测,通过统计分析研究基因频率与肺癌风险的关系,并探讨吸烟在其中的影响.结果 3个TXN基...     

Efficiency of combined methotrexate/chloroquine therapy in adjuvant-induced arthritis

The present study evaluates the effects of methotrexate (MTX) and chloroquine (CQ), and of combined MTX + CQ treatment, on the inflammatory response and on plasma and liver phosphatase and transaminase activities, employing an adjuvant-induced arthritis model in rats. Arthritis was induced by the intradermal injection of a suspension of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mineral oil into the plantar surface of the hind paws. Development of the inflammatory response was assessed over a 21-day period. Animal groups received either: (i) MTX, administered i.p., weekly, in 0.15, 1.5, 3, 6 or 12 mg/kg doses; (ii) CQ, given intragastrically, in daily 25 or 50 mg/kg doses; or (iii) MTX + CQ, administered in two combinations (MTX1.5 mg/kg + CQ50 mg/kg, or MTX6 mg/kg + CQ50 mg/kg). At the end of the experimental period, the animals were anesthetized and killed, blood and liver samples were collected and prepared for measurement of acid and alkaline phosphatase (AP, ALP), and aspartate (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. MTX at 6 and 12 mg/kg reduced the inflammatory response while CQ had no effect. MTX6 mg/kg + CQ50 mg/kg reduced the inflammatory response similar to MTX12 mg/kg, without affecting the bone marrow. Plasma AP and liver ALP activities were very elevated in the arthritic rats. While MTX treatment partially reduced both plasma AP and liver ALP activities at all doses used in the arthritic rats, CQ treatment reduced plasma AP, but increased liver AP activity. MTX + CQ treatment decreased plasma AP and liver ALP activities in the arthritic rats to control values. Plasma and liver AST activities were unaltered in the arthritic rats, and were unaffected by treatment. However, plasma and liver ALT activities were significantly reduced in the arthritic rats. While MTX or CQ treatment did not alter plasma transaminase activity in the arthritic rats, after MTX + CQ treatment, plasma ALT activity returned to normal values. In conclusion, the present data suggest that MTX + CQ treatment provides more effective anti-inflammatory protection against adjuvant-induced arthritis than does MTX alone, reverting the alterations in enzyme activities induced by this inflammatory disease in rats.     

中药敷脐配合咽三针治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍并发肺部感染

目的 :探讨中药敷脐配合咽三针治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍并发肺部感染的效果。方法 :脑卒中后吞咽障碍并发肺部感染90例入选患者随机分为三组各30例。针刺治疗组采用咽三针为主治疗,中药敷脐组采用中药化痰祛瘀方敷脐治疗,针药结合组采用中药敷脐联合咽三针治疗,治疗结束后统计比较分析肺部感染改善情况。结果:组间比较,针药结合组优于单纯中药敷脐组(P0.05),更优于单纯针刺组(P0.01)。结论:中药敷脐配合咽三针治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍并发肺部感染,改善吞咽困难的同时,也可以有效改善肺部感染症状和体征。     

基于属性偏序原理分析肺癌方剂配伍规律

目的 :分析肺癌方剂配伍规律。方法 :基于属性偏序原理,筛选中国知网(CNKI)及万方医学期刊文库的方剂,共121个方剂,生成形式背景,按照簇集划分不同类型的方剂,得出治疗肺癌的基础方剂以及加减方法,最终得出治疗肺癌的处方用药规律。结果:治疗肺癌方剂四气以寒、温、平性药物为主,五味以苦、甘、辛为主,药物归经以肝、肺为主,其次是胃、脾、心、肾四经。方剂组合分为3组,第一组以四君子汤配伍理气、滋阴、活血、化痰、消食等药物;第二组以小半夏加茯苓汤化裁,配伍化痰消痈的药物;第三组是抗癌专方专药配伍滋阴药。结论:肺癌的治法包括益脾肺气、活血解毒、化痰排脓、滋肾排脓、化痰散结、润肺、理气消积。     

Nueva evidencia en ventilación unipulmonar

Mechanical ventilation in thoracic surgery has undergone significant changes in recent years due to the implementation of the protective ventilation. This review will analyze recent ventilatory strategies in one-lung ventilation.A MEDLINE research was performed using Mesh term “One-Lung Ventilation” including randomized clinical trials, metanalysis, reviews and systematic reviews published in the last 6 years. Search was performed on 21st March 2017. A total of 75 articles were initially found. After title and abstract review 14 articles were included.Protective ventilation is not simply synonymous of low tidal volume ventilation, but it also includes routine use of PEEP and alveolar recruitment maneuver. New techniques are still in discussion namely PEEP adjustment, ratio inspiration:expiration, ideal type of anesthesia during one-lung ventilation and hypercapnic ventilation.