Disodium cromoglycate versus diet in the treatment and prevention of nickel-positive pompholyx

In some cases that have been diagnosed as contact allergy to nickel, there are repeated cutaneous eruptions of pompholyx, even in areas with no direct contact with the metal. The possible alimentary origin of dyshidrotic eczema should be considered when deciding on therapy. We have collected the clinical data for 24 patients with dyshidrotic eczema caused by nickel, to evaluate the benefit of a low-nickel diet versus treatment with oral disodium cromoglycate, comparing both objective and subjective symptoms. A low-nickel diet does not improve these patients but those treated with DSCG reacted better, from both objective and subjective point of view, than either the controls or the patients treated by diet. We next did intestinal permeability tests before therapy and after 15 days of treatment. We found that nickel uptake diminishes simultaneously with the reduction of absorption through the smaller aqueous "pores". This phenomenon was greatest after DSCG. We suggest that DSCG can help selected cases of pompholyx.     

国产吻缝合器在超低位直肠癌根治术中的应用

目的：探讨国产吻、缝合器在超低位直肠前切除术中的应用。方法：对27例直肠癌患者行超低位直肠前切除,应用上海产金钟牌缝合器、吻合器,进行结肠－直肠吻合。结果：本组根治性切除25例（92．6％）;1例发生吻合口瘘,发生率为3．7％;吻合口狭窄3例,发生率为11．1％,均经保守治疗治愈。结论：合理使用国产缝合器、吻合器可完成超低位直肠癌的保肛手术,可达保肛、根治、降低费用、减少并发症的目的。     

低剂量电离辐射对小鼠免疫器官Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响

目的 :研究低剂量电离辐射对小鼠胸腺、脾和肠系膜淋巴结 Bcl- 2蛋白表达的影响 ,以揭示辐射诱导细胞凋亡 J型曲线的分子机理。方法 :采用免疫组织化学及图像分析定量方法。结果 :假照组各免疫器官存在 Bcl- 2蛋白的基础表达 ;而照射组随着照射后时间的推移 ,Bcl- 2蛋白表达逐渐增高 ,2 4 h达峰值 ,且差异显著 ;72 h回复至假照水平。结论 :上述结果为揭示低剂量辐射免疫兴奋效应和辐射诱导细胞凋亡 J型曲线的分子机理提供了有意义的数据     

阿魏酸钠对人脐静脉内皮细胞产生一氧化氮的影响

目的研究阿魏酸钠(SF)对人脐静脉内皮细胞产生一氧化氮(NO)的影响。方法用NO试剂盒分别测定氧化低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)、VitE以及SF对培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞产生NO的影响。结果OX-LDL对培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞NO有明显的抑制作用,并且随着浓度的增加及作用时间的延长,抑制作用逐渐增强;SF和抗氧化剂VitE可明显减弱OX-LDL对内皮细胞NO产生的抑制作用。结论SF具有与抗氧化剂VitE相似的保护内皮细胞释放NO的作用。     

LDL-C直接测定法在生化分析仪上的应用

用日本第一化学药品株式会社LDL—C试剂盒在BeckmanCX4型自动生化分析仪上直接测定血清LDL—C含量。方法批内CV 0 37%～ 1 11% ,批间CV为 2 11%～ 3 0 2 % (n =2 0 )。平均回收率为 98 9% ,在 8 10mmol/L浓度范围内呈良好线性关系。TG <5 0 0mmol/L时与聚乙烯硫酸沉淀法 (X1)及Friedewald(X2 )公式计算结果相关良好 ,回归方程分别为Y =0 988X1+0 0 47,r=0 95 1,Y =0 96 1X2 +0 0 5 2 ,r=0 930。LDL—C直接测定法简单、快速 ,用血量少 ,勿需沉淀分离 ,适宜于自动化分析。     

氟伐他汀对心脑血管疾病患者血浆脂蛋白(a)、氧化低密度脂蛋白及一氧化氮的影响

对 175例心脑血管病变患者检测血浆脂蛋白 (a) [L p(a) ]、氧化低密度酯蛋白 (OXL DL )和一氧化氮(NO)的含量并与年龄相匹配的健康老年人及服用氟伐他汀前后的血浓度进行对比 ,结果表明 ,观察组 L p(a)、OXL DL;较对照组增高 ,NO较对照组下降 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;氟伐他汀使用前后对照 ,用药后 L p(a)、OXL DL 减低 ,NO增高 ,前后比较差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 )。 L p(a)、OXL DL和 NO可预示动脉粥样硬化的存在 ,氟伐他汀酶确具降脂作用。     

颈动脉体化学感受性在pH降低时的传递机制

目的　探讨胆碱能机制在 p H降低时颈动脉体 (CB)功能活动变化中的作用 .方法　在离体灌流条件下 ,记录颈动脉窦神经 (CSN)传入纤维的化学感受性单位放电 .结果　乙酰胆碱 (ACh)抑制单位放电 (n=16 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ,阿托品阻断 ACh的作用 ;尼古丁呈剂量依赖性增加单位放电 (n=10 ,r= 0 .94,P<0 .0 1) ;箭毒可阻断尼古丁的作用 ,对自发放电无显著影响 ;尼古丁并不增加化学感受性单位对 p H降低的放电反应 (n=19) ;p H降低时筒箭毒对化学感受性单位放电变化无显著影响 (n=17) ;硝苯吡啶 (5 mmol· L- 1 )对自发的基础单位放电 (n=8)和刺激诱导的电活动 (n=9)均无明显影响 .结论　胆碱能机制与 p H降低时 CB化学感受性功能活动的改变无直接关系     

Mendelian randomization suggests a potential causal effect of eosinophil count on influenza vaccination responsiveness

Currently, the clinical factors affecting immune responses to influenza vaccines have not been systematically explored. The mechanism of low responsiveness to influenza vaccination (LRIV) is complicated and not thoroughly elucidated. Thus, we integrate our in-house genome-wide association studies (GWAS) analysis result of LRIV (N = 111, Ncase [Low Responders] = 34, Ncontrol [Responders] = 77) with the GWAS summary of 10 blood-based biomarkers (sample size ranging from 62 076−108 794) deposited in BioBank Japan (BBJ) to comprehensively explore the shared genetics between LRIV and blood-based biomarkers to investigate the causal relationships between blood-based biomarkers and LRIV by Mendelian randomization (MR). The applications of four MR approaches (inverse-variance-weighted [IVW], weighted median, weighted mode, and generalized summary-data-based MR [GSMR]) suggested that the genetically instrumented LRIV was associated with decreased eosinophil count (β = −5.517 to −4.422, p = 0.004−0.039). Finally, we conclude that the low level of eosinophil count is a suggestive risk factor for LRIV.     

Low serum cholesterol increases the risk of noncardiovascular events: An antagonist viewpoint

Summary Considerable debate concerning the apparent association of low serum cholesterol levels with enhanced noncardiovascular disease mortality has been aired in both scientific and lay publications within the past year. This debate has resulted in some medical experts calling for a moratorium on efforts to reduce serum cholesterol, particularly with drugs, and for a more conservative approach to screening and modifying cholesterol levels for the primary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). Observational studies, including the Framingham Heart Study, the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, the Whitehall Study, and the International Collaborative Group, have not substantiated a cause and effect relationship between naturally occurring low serum cholesterol and noncardiovascular disease mortality, such as cancer. Intervention trials designed to lower high serum cholesterol levels by diet and drugs have also not been conclusively shown to produce excess harm that offsets the benefit of reduced CHD events. Several primary and secondary CHD prevention trials, with sufficient numbers of subjects to provide the statistical power to detect potential detrimental effects of lowering cholesterol levels, are currently in progress and will be very helpful in resolving the concern about noncardiovascular disease mortality.     

Birth Outcomes of Immigrant Women in the United States,France, and Belgium

Objectives: To compare maternal characteristics and birth outcomes of Mexico-born and native-born mothers in the United States and those of North African mothers living in France and Belgium to French and Belgian nationals. Methods: We examined information from single live birth certificates for 285,371 Mexico-born and 3,131,632 U.S.-born mothers (including 2,537,264 U.S.-born White mothers) in the United States, 4,623 North African and 103,345 Belgian mothers in Belgium, and a French national random sample consisting of 632 North African and 11,185 French mothers. The outcomes were mean birthweight, low birthweight, and preterm births. Differences between native/nationals and foreign-born mothers in each country were assessed in bivariate and multivariate analyses controlling for maternal risk factors. Results: The adjusted odds for low birthweight were lower for immigrants than native/nationals by 32% in the United States, by 32% in Belgium, and by 30% in France. The adjusted odds for preterm births were lower for immigrants compared with native/nationals by 11% in the United States and by 23% in Belgium. In France, the odds for preterm births were comparable for immigrants and naturalized mothers. Infants of immigrant mothers also had higher mean birthweights in all three countries. Conclusion: Despite their disadvantaged status, Mexico-born and North African-born women residing in the United States, France, and Belgium show good birth outcomes. These cannot be explained solely by traditional risk factors. Protective factors and selective migration may offer further clues.