川崎病治疗前发热时间与丙种球蛋白耐药的相关性临床研究

目的探讨川崎病（Kawasaki disease，KD）患儿丙种球蛋白（intravenous immunoglobulin，IVIG）治疗前发热时间与IVIG耐药的关系。方法回顾性收集2018年1月至2020年12月收治KD患儿317例的病例资料，根据IVIG治疗前发热时间分为短热程组（发热时间≤4 d，n=92）和长热程组（发热时间>4 d，n=225），根据是否发生IVIG耐药将每组再分为耐药组和非耐药组。分析比较不同热程耐药组及非耐药组的基线资料及实验室结果，并采用多因素logistic回归分析IVIG耐药的影响因素。结果短热程组中IVIG耐药19例（20.7%），并发冠状动脉瘤5例（5.4%）；长热程组中IVIG耐药22例（9.8%），并发冠状动脉瘤19例（8.4%）；短热程组IVIG耐药率明显高于长热程组（P<0.05），而冠状动脉瘤发生率在两组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。短热程组中，耐药患儿治疗前血钠水平低于非耐药患儿，而降钙素原、C反应蛋白及N末端B型利钠肽原水平则明显高于非耐药患儿（P<0.05）。长热程组中，耐药患儿治疗前血钠及肌酸激酶水平低于非耐药患儿（P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，血钠水平降低与长热程组KD患儿IVIG耐药有关（P<0.05）。结论KD患儿IVIG耐药因IVIG治疗前发热时间不同而异。在治疗前发热时间>4 d的KD患儿中，血钠降低与IVIG耐药具有相关性。     

铁调素在小鼠脑内的表达及其对膜铁转运蛋白1和二价金属离子转运体1表达的影响

目的 探讨铁调素(hepcidin)在小鼠脑内的表达及其对膜铁转运蛋白1(ferroportir 1)和二价金属离子转运体1(DMT1)表达的调节作用.方法 应用RT-PCR技术检测铁调素在正常小鼠各脑区的表达分布,并观察了脑室内注射铁调素对DMT1、膜铁转运蛋白1表达的影响 结果 铁调素在小鼠脑内有广泛表达,且不同脑区表达程度不同,脉络丛部分表达较高.结论 侧脑室内注射铁调素后,能够显著影响DMT1、膜铁转运蛋白1表达,且具有明显的区域特异性.     

Lymphoscintigraphy—Techniques and applications in themanagement of breast carcinoma

Radiocolloid lymphoscintigraphy is a versatile, simple technique which has been utilized extensively in the assessment of lymphatic function and structure in anatomic regions accessible to neither clinical examination nor radiocontrast lymphography, as well as in circumstances where radiocontrast lymphography is not feasible. The most important requirement for an effective study are: (a) Determination of the appropriate injection site for reproducibly visualizing the majority of the lymphatics under study and, (b) use of an agent with the optimum properties of a preformed small, uniform, well-dispersed particle colloid. Multiple applications of lymphoscintigraphy in the patient with breast carcinoma have demonstrated its value in distinguishing abnormalities of the internal mammary lymphatics shown to have significant prognostic implications, in providing accurate localization of the parasternal lymphatics for radiation therapy and its potential for determining the status of axillary lymphatics in lieu of surgical intervention. The following review is based on an experience of over 6500 studies in 5550 patients with breast carcinoma.     

替吉奥联合奥沙利铂对比替吉奥联合顺铂治疗晚期胃癌的Meta分析

目的评价替吉奥联合奥沙利铂（SOX方案）对比替吉奥联合顺铂（SP方案）治疗晚期胃癌（AGC）的疗效及安全性。 方法在PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库中检索2022年7月前公开发表的有关替吉奥联合奥沙利铂（SOX组）对比替吉奥联合顺铂（SP组）治疗AGC的相关研究,按照Cochrane Handbook 5.1的临床试验质量评价标准对文献进行质量评价,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。 结果共有14篇2 650例AGC患者纳入研究,其中SOX组1 334例,SP组1 316例。与SP组比较,SOX组的总生存期（HR=0.87,95% CI：0.78~0.97,P=0.01）、无进展生存期（HR=0.87,95% CI：0.78~0.97,P=0.01）、完全缓解（OR=1.43,95% CI：1.02~2.00,P=0.04）、部分缓解（OR=1.64,95% CI：1.18~2.29,P=0.003）、疾病进展（OR=0.55,95% CI：0.34~0.87,P=0.01）、疾病控制率（OR=1.64,95% CI：1.04~2.56,P=0.03）和疾病稳定（OR=0.67,95% CI：0.53~0.83,P=0.000 4）方面比较,差异均有统计学意义,而两组客观有效率差异无统计学意义（OR=1.57,95% CI：0.85~2.90,P=0.15）。安全性方面,3级及以上不良反应中,SOX组白细胞减少（OR=0.20,95% CI：0.13~0.30,P<0.000 01）、贫血（OR=0.52,95% CI：0.32~0.86,P=0.01）、肌酐升高（OR=0.21,95% CI：0.07~0.61,P=0.004）的发生率更低,而周围感觉神经病（OR=10.64,95% CI：1.85~61.10,P=0.008）的发生率更高。 结论SOX方案可提高AGC的治疗有效率,改善无进展生存期和总生存期,但可能增加周围感觉神经病的发生率。     

硫氧还蛋白1对胃癌细胞系BCG823生长的影响

目的探讨硫氧还蛋白1（thioredoxin-1,Trx1）对胃癌细胞系细胞周期及增殖速度的影响。方法对BCG823、AGS、MNK45、NUGC3、PHM82五种胃癌细胞系的质粒转染效率进行测定,选择出转染效率高的细胞系;并用实时PCR（RT-PCR）测定胃癌细胞系中Trx1的表达水平,选择出表达较低的细胞系。将所构建的Trx1真核重组表达载体pcDNA3.1myc-His-Trx1转染入上述实验筛选出的胃癌细胞系,使细胞中Trx1过表达,用流式细胞仪检测过表达Trx1的胃癌细胞进入S期的比例。结果 BCG823、AGS两种细胞系的转染效率高,满足实验需要。BCG823的Trx1表达较AGS低[BCG823细胞系的ΔCT（Trx-GAPDH）=1.43,AGS细胞系的ΔCT（Trx-GAPDH）=1.10,ΔCT值与表达量成反比],选择BCG823作为实验对象。转染pcDNA3.1myc-His-Trx1的细胞Trx1表达升高（与内参蛋白的比值为0.45±0.02和0.26±0.03,n=3,t=9.127,P=0.000）,进入S期的细胞比例升高（转染带有Trx1质粒的细胞进入S期的比例为28.54%,而转染了空载体者进入S期的比例为22.24%,χ2=104.759,P=0.000）。结论 Trx1表达水平上调可以促进胃癌细胞进入S期。     

重组人生长激素对裸鼠肝癌移植瘤生长转移的实验研究

目的:研究重组人生长激素(recombinant hunman growth hormone,rhGH)对裸鼠肝癌移植瘤生长和转移能力的影响及相关信号转导通路的变化。方法:通过RNA干扰技术抑制MHCC-97H肝癌细胞中胰岛素样生长因子-1受体(insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor,IGF-1R)的表达。建立裸鼠皮下和原位肝癌移植模型;研究IGF-1R基因沉默前后,rhGH对裸鼠肝癌移植瘤成瘤、生长和转移的影响,并用Western印迹法检测PI-3K信号转导通路中,信号分子AKT的蛋白表达和磷酸化水平。结果:注射rhGH可使荷瘤裸鼠体重明显增加,肝癌原位移植瘤体积显著增大(P0.05)。IGF-1R基因沉默后,裸鼠皮下移植瘤的成瘤率、原位肝癌接种模型中的肝癌移植瘤体积均显著减小(P0.05)。对PI-3K信号通路的研究显示,rhGH能显著促进MHCC-97H肝癌细胞信号分子AKT磷酸化,IGF-1R沉默后AKT磷酸化水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:rhGH在体内具有显著促进荷瘤裸鼠体重增加及移植瘤生长的作用;但并不促进肝癌的转移。IGF-1R基因沉默后,rhGH对裸鼠移植瘤的成瘤和促生长作用明显减弱。而PI-3K信号通路在rhGH促肝癌生长中发挥重要的介导作用。     

Management of Obesity in Adults with CKD

Obesity is a leading public health problem that currently affects over 650 million individuals worldwide. Although interest in the adverse effects of obesity has grown exponentially in recent years, less attention has been given to studying its management in individuals with CKD. This relatively unexplored area should be considered a high priority because of the rapid growth and high prevalence of obesity in the CKD population, its broad impact on health and outcomes, and its modifiable nature. This article begins to lay the groundwork in this field by providing a comprehensive overview that critically evaluates the available evidence related to obesity and kidney disease, identifies important gaps in our knowledge base, and integrates recent insights in the pathophysiology of obesity to help provide a way forward in establishing guidelines as a basis for managing obesity in CKD. Finally, the article includes a kidney-centric algorithm for management of obesity that can be used in clinical practice.     

The remedial effect of soluble interleukin-1 receptor type Ⅱ on endometriosis in the nude mouse model

Objective： Recent studies have shown that the local expression of soluble interleukin （IL） -1 receptor type Ⅱ （slL-1 R Ⅱ ） in endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis is decreased, and the depression of IL-1 R Ⅱ was more significant in infertile women than that in fertile women with endometriosis. In this research, we investigated the remedial effect of slL-1-R Ⅱ administration on endometriosis in the nude mouse model. Methods： Nineteen nude model mice with endometriosis were randomly divided into three groups： group A was treated by intraperitoneal administration with only slL-1 R Ⅱ for two weeks, group B was similarly treated with only IL- 1, and group C （control） was administered saline. After 2 weeks, the size of the ectopic endometrial lesions was calculated, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and B-cell lymphoma leukemia-2 （Bcl- 2） were detected by immunohistochemistry. The IL-8 and VEGF levels in the peritoneal fluid （PF） and serum were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Results： The mean size of ectopic endometrial lesion did not differ between the three groups （P 〉 0.05）. Compared with the control, the expression of VEGF and Bcl-2 was significantly lower in group A, and higher in group B. In the three groups, the levels of IL-8 in the PF and serum were highest in group A, and lowest in group B. Conclusion： slL-1 R Ⅱ may suppresse hyperplasia of ectopic endometriosis, perhaps by reducing the expression of certain cytokines, such as VEGF, IL-8, and Bcl-2, which could provide a new clinical strategy for the treatment of endometriosis.