氨基偶氮苯类化合物所致变态反应性疾病

目的　查明一起未明原因疾病的病因。方法　对湖北省某县发生的一起原因不明疾病进行流行病学和临床特点的观察及防治措施效果进行评价。结果　基于流行病学及临床表现的特点, 有皮痒、肌痛等, 可以认为该病为接触含有氨基偶氮苯类化合物的废水有关的变态反应性疾病。结论　皮肤长时间浸泡在含酚、苯胺等的废水中及高温作业、日光照射、反复接触毒物可致本病发生。     

20AA复方氨基酸注射液细菌内毒素检查法的研究

目的研究20AA复方氨基酸注射液对细菌内毒素检查试验的干扰情况，建立其细菌内毒素的限量检查方法。方法参照《中国药典》2005年版二部附录细菌内毒素凝胶限量检查法进行实验，以不同生产厂家、不同批号的鲎试剂对多批供试品进行干扰试验。结果20AA复方氨基酸注射液经4倍稀释后对检测无干扰作用。结论该制剂可用细菌内毒素检查法替代家兔热原检查法控制产品质量，其内毒素限值为含内毒素量应〈1．2EU·ml^-1。     

胸腺五肽和复方氨基酸双肽对耐多药肺结核患者的作用

目的探讨耐多药肺结核患者采用胸腺五肽、复方氨基酸双肽两种药物所取得的疗效。方法挑选2015年2月—2016年12月150例耐多药肺结核患者进行分组,A组患者进行常规抗结核;B组患者采用常规抗结核+胸腺五肽+复方氨基酸双肽。结果治疗后,A组患者症状改善率为69.33%,低于B组患者(93.33%);治疗后两组患者肿瘤坏死因子α(tumornecrosis factor alpha,TNF-α)以及白介素10(interleukin10,IL-10)和6(interleukin 6,IL-6)均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05),且B组较于A组降低程度更加显著,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);6个月后,A组的痰菌转阴率达到62.67%低于B组97.33%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胸腺五肽+复方氨基酸双肽联合方,可有效改善耐多药肺结核患者的临床症状,加快痰菌转阴速度,提高结核病灶的吸收效率。     

疮疡灵治疗乳腺癌放疗所致放射性皮炎临床研究

目的:观察疮疡灵治疗乳腺癌放疗所致放射性皮炎的临床疗效。方法:选取126例乳腺癌放疗患者作为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组,其中试验组给予疮疡灵防治放射性皮炎,对照组予以复方醋酸地塞米松软膏防治放射性皮炎,疗程结束后比较两组患者放射性皮炎的发生率及损伤程度,评价临床效果及生存质量。结果:试验组放射性皮炎的发生率明显低于对照组,且损伤程度较轻,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);试验组有效率为90.5%,对照组有效率为65.1%,且试验组患者生存质量明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:疮疡灵可降低乳腺癌放射性皮炎的发生率及严重程度,改善患者生存质量,临床疗效明显。     

复方氯己定含漱预防腭裂整复创面感染的效果观察

目的探讨复方氯己定含漱液对腭裂整复创面感染的影响。方法分别用复方氯己定含漱液 (观察组 )和复方硼砂漱口液 (对照组 )对腭裂整复术后病人进行含漱 ,观察两组病人整复术后创面愈合率、平均住院时间。结果创面愈合时间观察组为 (8 5± 1 0 )d ,对照组 (14 0± 1 0 )d ;创面糜烂和愈合不良的发生率观察组为 0 ,对照组为 12 5 % ;平均住院时间分别为 (9 5± 2 0 )d和 (11 5± 3 0 )d ,观察组明显优于对照组 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。结论用复方氯己定含漱液漱口可有效降低腭裂整复创面感染率。     

Topiramate monotherapy in the management of acute mania: results of four double-blind placebo-controlled trials

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of topiramate monotherapy in adults with acute manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder. METHODS: In four trials, adults hospitalized with acute mania, a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, history of > or =1 previous manic or mixed episodes, and > or =20 Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score were randomized to double-blind treatment with topiramate (target doses: 200, 400, or 600 mg/day) or placebo; two trials included an active comparator (lithium, 1500 mg/day). The core study duration in all trials was 3 weeks; three trials also had 9-week double-blind extensions. The primary efficacy variable was mean change from baseline in YMRS in the core 3-week study. RESULTS: Changes in YMRS score during 3 weeks were not significantly different for topiramate versus placebo (mean YMRS reductions, -5.1 to -8.4). Mean YMRS reductions in lithium-treated groups were significantly greater (p < or = 0.001 versus placebo and topiramate). A similar pattern was observed after 12 weeks of double-blind treatment in studies with double-blind extensions. Paresthesia, appetite decrease, dry mouth, and weight loss were more frequently associated with topiramate than with placebo. CONCLUSIONS: These studies do not support the efficacy of topiramate as monotherapy in acute mania or mixed episodes in adults with bipolar I disorder. Topiramate was not associated with mood destabilization measured as mania exacerbation or treatment-emergent depression. Lithium was confirmed as an effective therapy in this population.     

Depression of NMDA-receptor-mediated segmental transmission by ketamine and ketoprofen, but not L-NAME, on the in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord preparation

Activation of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and then the nitric oxide and the arachidonic acid pathways is important in pain transmission. This study assessed the effects of the NMDA receptor channel blocker ketamine, the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME, and the cyclooxygenase inhibitor ketoprofen in nociceptive transmission using an in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord preparation. Supramaximal electrical stimulation of the dorsal root evoked the A-fibre- and C-fibre-mediated high intensity excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in the ipsilateral ventral root. Low intensity stimulation evoked the A-fibre-mediated monosynaptic compound action potential (MSR) superimposed on the low intensity EPSP. Both the low intensity EPSP and the high intensity EPSP contain NMDA-receptor-mediated components. Only ketamine and ketoprofen depressed the synaptic responses. Ketamine depressed all three spinal reflexes with IC(50) values (with 95% CI) of 10.80 microM (5.97 to 19.54 microM) for the MSR, 8.29 microM (4.53 to 14.17 microM) for the low intensity EPSP, and 5.35 microM (3.05 to 9.40 microM) for the high intensity EPSP. Ketoprofen depressed the low intensity EPSP and the high intensity EPSP only; IC(50) values (with 95% CI) were 354.5 microM (217.5 to 576.8 microM) and 302.7 microM (174.0 to 526.7 microM), respectively. Reflexes recovered after drug washout. These data demonstrated that ketamine and ketoprofen, but not L-NAME, depressed NMDA-mediated nociceptive transmission in spinal cord preparations from neonatal rats.     

Effects of laser irradiation on the spinal cord for the regeneration of crushed peripheral nerve in rats

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to examine the recovery of the crushed sciatic nerve of rats after low-power laser irradiation applied to the corresponding segments of the spinal cord. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: After a crush injury to the sciatic nerve in rats, low-power laser irradiation was applied transcutaneously to corresponding segments of the spinal cord immediately after closing the wound by using 16 mW, 632 nm He-Ne laser. The laser treatment was repeated 30 minutes daily for 21 consecutive days. RESULTS: The electrophysiologic activity of the injured nerves (compound muscle action potentials--CMAPs) was found to be approximately 90% of the normal precrush value and remained so for up to a long period of time. In the control nonirradiated group, electrophysiologic activity dropped to 20% of the normal precrush value at day 21 and showed the first signs of slow recovery 30 days after surgery. The two groups were found to be significantly different during follow-up period (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that low-power laser irradiation applied directly to the spinal cord can improve recovery of the corresponding insured peripheral nerve.     

骨软骨镶嵌成形术修复骨软骨复合缺损的比较研究

目的观察采用骨软骨镶嵌成形术（Mosaicplasty）修复膝关节中等和大面积骨软骨复合缺损的效果,为临床应用提供理论依据。方法24只成年山羊随机分成3组（n=8）。中等面积缺损组在股骨内髁制造直径6mm缺损,植入直径2mm骨软骨柱修复;大面积缺损组于股骨内髁制造9mm直径缺损,以直径3mm骨软骨柱修复;对照组于股骨内髁制造直径6mm缺损后不修复。自股骨髁间窝和滑车沟两侧非负重区用自制Mosaicplasty器械钻取骨软骨柱,推出器嵌入缺损处镶嵌填满。术后4、8、16及24周处死动物,取修复骨软骨组织行大体观察、HE及甲苯胺蓝染色。术后24周,取大面积缺损组和对照组膝关节摄X线片,观察骨软骨缺损修复情况,并分别取修复组织及正常软骨组织行蛋白聚糖（glycosaminogly cans,GAG）含量测定。结果中等面积缺损组术后4周,移植的骨软骨柱与基底部骨床结合牢固;8-24周软骨层之间以及与正常软骨间界限仍清晰。大面积缺损组术后4周,移植的骨软骨柱与基底骨床结合牢固,部分骨软骨柱被压入骨床内;8-24周压陷程度加重,与股骨髁相对关节面的部分软骨被磨损。对照组24周缺损仍无明显修复迹象,与股骨髁相对关节面的软骨磨损剥脱。组织学观察结果类似大体观察,术后24周中等及大面积缺损组软骨柱间均有缝隙存在,大面积缺损组毗邻软骨细胞稀疏肥大。术后24周,X线片可见大面积缺损组软骨下骨愈合良好,而对照组仍可见骨质缺损,与股骨髁相对关节面的软骨局部骨质硬化;软骨GAG含量测定显示正常软骨和大面积缺损组修复组织间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;前两者与对照组修复组织比较,差异均有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论Mosaicplasty可修复中等面积骨软骨复合缺损,但无法有效修复大面积缺损,效果有待改进。