多波长线性回归法同时测定安痛定注射液中的三组分

目的：对安痛定注射液中的三组分实行分光光度法同时测定。方法：对传统的多波长线性回归分光光度法进行改进,使其不需要等吸收波长。结果：９份模拟样品中氨基比林、安替比林、巴比妥的平均回收率分别为９９．９％、９９．８％、１００．３％,相对标准偏差分别为０．５％、１．０％、１．７％。对３个批号实际样品的测定结果与标准方法一致。结论：方法简便快捷,适于安痛定注射液的制剂分析。     

安乃近滴液在正常人体内的生物利用度

目的：对６例健康志愿者服用１ｇ安乃近滴液和１ｇ安乃近片剂的生物利用度进行比较。方法：采用高效液相色谱法测定受试者体内安乃近的活性代谢产物,４甲氨基安替比林（ＭＡＡ）血浆浓度,并计算药物动力学参数。结果：其ＭＡＡ在血浆中的达峰时间（ＴＰ）：滴液组平均为１．０８±０．２５ｈ,片剂组平均为１．３６±０．１３ｈ,Ｐ＜０．０５。其相对生物利用度（Ｆ＝ＡＵＣ滴剂／ＡＵＣ片剂）为１．３±０．４,Ｐ＞０．０５。结论：显示了安乃近滴剂起效快的特点     

参芪口服液对孕鼠胚胎作用研究

采用参芪口服液实验观察其对孕鼠胚胎及胎盘血管分布的影响。结果显示：参芪口服液能显著增加孕鼠胚胎胎盘的血管分布面积,并能显著促进胚胎的生长发育。     

Effect on lung growth of cervical cord section in the rabbit fetus

Experiments were performed to clarify the mechanism by which cervical cord transection retards lung growth in the fetal rabbit. In 10 sets of fetuses operated on at 24 1/2 days gestation and studied 3--4 days later, cord section at C1--C3 (high section) caused a significantly greater reduction in lung weight and lung DNA than cord section at C5--C8 (low section) as compared with control littermates. Comparison with the lungs of additional control fetuses removed at the time of operation showed that high section had reduced lung growth by 70% and low section had reduced growth by 40% relative to sham-operated controls. The hypoplastic lungs of the high-section group had poorly expanded, thick-walled terminal sacs, while those of the low section group more nearly resembled the controls. Fetal weights and weights of liver, kidneys, thymus and diaphragm did not differ significantly between the groups, but the hearts of the low-section group were unduly large. In a separate 6 sets of fetuses tracheal ligation at the time of high-cord section was found to result in large fluid-filled lungs with a normal DNA content. The results indicate that preservation of an upper motor neurone supply to the phrenic nucleus is of critical importance for fetal lung growth, and confirm the growth-promoting effects of liquid distension of the fetal lungs. We conclude that normal fetal lung growth depends on development and maintenance of a sophisticated form of function involving integration of respiratory movements and lung lipid secretion. This functional control of fetal lung growth has important implications for perinatal medicine.     

理气中药组方对糖尿病大鼠胃排空延迟的作用

目的:观察理气中药经验组方对糖尿病大鼠胃排空延迟的干预作用。方法:雌雄各半成年SD大鼠110只,随机分为正常组(A组)、糖尿病中药组(B组)、糖尿病胃复安组(C组)、糖尿病组(D组)。A组、D组1次/d按10 mL/只予0.9%生理盐水灌胃,B组1次/d按8 mL/只予中药煎剂灌胃,C组1次/d按0.5 mg/只予胃复安片灌胃。喂养12周后,行13C胃排空实验及甲基橙水溶液胃排空实验,观察各组大鼠胃排空情况。结果:糖尿病大鼠胃排空较正常大鼠明显延迟(P0.01),糖尿病大鼠胃排空延迟模型制作成功。糖尿病中药组和糖尿病胃复安组大鼠胃排空较糖尿病组快(P0.01);糖尿病中药组大鼠胃排空较糖尿病胃复安组大鼠快(P0.05)。结论:常规喂养12周后糖尿病大鼠出现胃排空延迟。理气中药陈皮、枳实、木香、香附组方煎剂和胃复安均能促进糖尿病大鼠胃排空,理气中药组方煎剂的效果优于胃复安。     

A serum metabonomic study on the difference between alcohol- and HBV-induced liver cirrhosis by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry plus quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Background  Liver cirrhosis is the fatal consequence of chronic hepatitis, making early diagnosis of liver cirrhosis critical. Liver biopsy is still the standard diagnostic method for liver cirrhosis, although its use in a broad population with alcoholism or hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains difficult. In this study, we used a metabonomic approach to detect potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of liver cirrhosis.

Methods  Serum specimens were collected prospectively from normal control subjects (n=22) and patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (n=18) or HBV-induced cirrhosis (n=19). The serum metabonome was analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography (LC)/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) integrated with chemometrics. The acquired LC-MS data were normalized and processed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA).

Results  Significant differences in the metabonomics among the three groups were observed. Lysophosphatidyl cholines (LPCs) (LPC C16:0, LPC C18:0, LPC C18:2, LPC C18:3, LPC C20:3, LPC C20:5) were decreased in the serum of patients with hepatic cirrhosis, whereas bile acids (glycocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid), hypoxanthine, and stearamide were increased in the serum of patients with hepatic cirrhosis. These metabolites are considered “common” biomarkers for hepatic cirrhosis. Oleamide and myristamide were increased in the serum of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis but decreased in those with HBV-induced cirrhosis. These could be specific biomarkers for differential diagnosis between alcohol- and HBV-induced hepatic cirrhosis.

Conclusions  There are significant metabonomic differences between alcohol- and HBV-induced liver cirrhosis. Metabonomics is a top-down systems biology tool for conducting research on clinical problems.

     

武当山区栽培重楼根茎与须根中九种重楼皂苷含量比较

目的：比较武当山区栽培重楼根茎与须根中九种重楼皂苷含量,考察皂苷类次生代谢产物在重楼不同生长部位的分布情况,为重楼药材综合开发利用、节约资源提供参考。方法采集武当山区种植基地里重楼药材样本,采用高效液相色谱法测定各个样本中九种重楼皂苷的含量。结果七叶一枝花(华重楼)和云南重楼(滇重楼)中皂苷成分在根茎与须根中均有分布。多叶重楼、长药隔重楼、狭叶重楼、宽叶重楼等须根中含有部分皂苷成分,但根茎中皂苷含量非常低。结论重楼须根与重楼根茎有一定的化学等同性,建议重楼须根作为中成药原料使用。     

中西医结合治疗新生儿黄疸临床研究

目的:观察茵栀黄口服液联合双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效,及对血清总胆汁酸浓度变化的影响。方法:将87例患儿随机分为对照组45例和治疗组42例,两组患儿均行新生儿黄疸常规治疗,对照组在对照组基础上加双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片,治疗组在对照组基础上联合茵栀黄口服液治疗。治疗后比较两组患儿的黄疸消退时间、大便性状恢复时间、肝功能和两组患者的临床疗效。结果:治疗后两组患儿病情均好转,治疗组黄疸消退时间及大便性状恢复时间均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患儿天冬氨酸转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷氨酰转移酶(gamma-glutamyl transferase,GGT)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP),总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)、直接胆红素(direct bilirubin,DBIL)、总胆汁酸(Total bile acids,TBA)均降低,治疗组改善更显著,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者临床疗效比较,对照组有效率为80.00%,治疗组有效率为95.24%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:茵栀黄口服液联合双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片治疗新生儿黄疸疗效显著,可更好地改善肝功能,促进黄疸消退及大便性状恢复。     

HPLC法测定新疆鼠尾草三萜有效部位中熊果酸的含量

目的:建立新疆鼠尾草以三萜为有效部位的熊果酸含量的高效液相色谱检测方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC法)检测浸膏中熊果酸的含量,色谱柱为Waters Symmetry C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇—水—冰乙酸—三乙胺(85:15:0.03:0.06):甲醇=70:30,流速0.8ml/min,检测波长210nm,柱温30℃。结果:HPLC法测得熊果酸的线性范围为Y=447684X-7680(r=0.9999),平均回收率为98.84%,RSD=1.69%(n=6)。结论:HPLC法测定熊果酸含量,操作简便,灵敏度高,重现性好,可为新疆鼠尾草以三萜为有效部位的质量控制提供一定的依据。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人血浆中罗格列酮

目的:建立测定人血浆中罗格列酮的液相色谱-质谱-质谱联用法,并用于临床药动学研究。方法: 血浆样品经液-液萃取后,以乙腈-水-甲酸(90:10:0．5)为流动相,采用Zorbax SB—C18柱分离,通过电喷雾离子化四极杆串联质谱,以选择反应监测(SRM)方式进行检测。用于定量分析的离子反应分别为m／z 358→ 135(罗格列酮)和m／z 256→167(内标苯海拉明)。结果:标准曲线线性范围为0．50～1 000μg·L-1,定量下限为0．50μg·L-1,日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于7．4％。应用此法测试了20名男性健康受试者口服酒石酸罗格列酮片(相当于罗格列酮4 mg)后血浆中罗格列酮的浓度。结论:该法灵敏、快速、准确,操作简便、线性范围宽,适用于罗格列酮的临床药动学研究。