吡格列酮联合二甲双胍治疗2型糖尿病疗效探讨

目的 探讨吡格列酮联合二甲双胍治疗2型糖尿病的疗效.方法 在该院2019年4月—2020年3月收治的2型糖尿病患者中选取76例.按照入院编号分成两组:对照组38例,使用二甲双胍片治疗;试验组38例,联合使用吡格列酮片.观察两组的治疗效果和不良反应,比较治疗前后的血糖、血脂水平变化.结果 相比于对照组,试验组患者的治疗总...     

Hormonal contraception and HIV-positive women: metabolic concerns and management strategies

As HIV-positive women live longer lives, and as testing for HIV becomes more routine, clinicians can expect to see more HIV-positive women in their practices. The need to be aware of management issues particular to this population becomes increasingly important. Metabolic dysregulation is a common, long-term complication associated with HIV and is one of the most difficult to manage. Hormonal contraception also is associated with metabolic dysregulation. As more HIV-positive women choose long-term, reversible contraception, the potential for concomitant and additive side effects, and the need for careful, proactive management strategies to avoid these complications, will become more important. This article reviews research detailing the metabolic dysfunction associated with hormonal contraception and with HIV-seropositivity. It highlights reasons for concern regarding the potential, although as yet theoretical, increased risk for metabolic dysfunction when hormonal contraception is used in the presence of HIV. Suggestions for management strategies for women living with HIV who choose to use hormonal contraception are presented. These strategies should be viewed as suggestions for management until substantitive research becomes available.     

新生儿脐血血脂水平及胎心率检测分析

目的探讨新生儿脐血血脂水平及胎心率的变化。方法选取头胎顺产新生儿87例,测定小于胎龄儿(SGA)14例、适于胎龄儿(AGA)63例、大于胎龄儿(LGA)10例脐血血脂水平,记录胎儿娩出前5 min胎心率。并使用全自动生化分析仪测定脐血甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和载脂蛋白AI(ApoAI)和载脂蛋白B(ApoB)水平。结果SGA组脐血TG、TC、LDL-C、ApoB水平均高于AGA组和LGA组,HDL-C、ApoAI水平低于AGA组和LGA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);新生儿血脂指标与胎心率回归分析未发现明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论不同的宫内环境引起胎儿代谢的改变,胚胎生长受限的新生儿存在血脂代谢障碍。     

石榴皮多酚提取物降血脂效果的实验研究

目的提取和富集石榴皮中的多酚类物质，并探讨其降血脂效果。方法采用乙酸乙酯萃取石榴皮粗提取物中的多酚类物质并富集，以高脂饲料喂养雄性SD大鼠建立高脂血症模型，观察饲料补充提取物喂养28d对大鼠血脂和肝脂水平的影响。结果石榴皮粗提取物经进一步分离提取后，多酚类物质得到了富集。高脂组大鼠经多酚提取物饲养后，其血清TC、TG、LDL—C、FFA和肝TC、TG、FFA比高脂对照组分别减少42．4％、58．5％、48．9％、20．6％和32．6％、11．9％、25．5％。部分作用有强于石榴皮粗提取物的趋势，而且还具有提高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL—C)水平的作用。结论石榴皮多酚提取物具有降低血脂和肝脂的作用，有效成分有待进一步分析。     

蜂胶对小鼠血糖和血脂的影响

蜂胶是工蜂从植物体上采集的树脂与其上腭腺的分泌物和蜂蜡形成的有粘性的固体胶状物,含有黄酮类、萜类、酚类等生物活性成分及蛋白质、脂肪、多种维生素和矿物质等营养素[1]。本研究通过复制高血糖和高血脂动物模型,探讨蜂胶对实验动物血糖和血脂的影响。1材料与方法1.1样品蜂     

糖心乐对糖尿病性心肌病大鼠血糖、血脂代谢的实验研究

目的:观察糖心乐(TXL)对糖尿病性心肌病(DCMP)大鼠血糖、血脂的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、达美康组及糖心乐大、小剂量组。将除正常对照组外的各组大鼠腹腔注射STZ建立糖尿病模型,造模后8w分别给予生理盐水、达美康、TXL大小剂量灌胃,连续4w,正常对照组不做处理。结果:与模型对照组比较,达美康组、糖心乐大、小剂量组大鼠的血糖、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。TXL大剂量组的降低血糖、TC,升高HDL-C作用与达美康组相当,降低TG作用优于达美康组(P<0.05)。结论:TXL可通过降低血糖、TG、TC水平,升高HDL-C水平来改善DCMP大鼠心肌的功能。     

补充牛磺酸对正常大鼠脂代谢的影响

为研究不同牛磺酸水平对正常大鼠血脂的影响 ,将 40只断乳SD大鼠用基础饲料喂养一周后 ,按体重和血浆总胆固醇均衡的原则分为 4组 ,对照组进食正常饲料 ,其余 3组分别在基础饲料的基础上添加不同水平 (6、1.35和 3g kg饲料 )的牛磺酸 ;实验 5周后 ,观察牛磺酸对大鼠血脂的影响。结果表明 ,与正常对照组相比 ,不同剂量的牛磺酸均可显著影响大鼠血浆脂质水平 ;6g kg牛磺酸降低血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇效果最明显 ,13.5g kg牛磺酸可显著降低血清甘油三酯、载脂蛋白 B水平 ,促进粪胆汁酸排泄 ;30g kg牛磺酸对降低大鼠肝脏总胆固醇、升高血清载脂蛋白效果较好。     

Regional variations in intramyocellular lipid concentration correlate with muscle fiber type distribution in rat tibialis anterior muscle.

1H MR spectroscopy (MRS) has proved to be a valuable noninvasive tool to measure intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) in research focused on insulin resistance and type II diabetes in both humans and rodents. An important determinant of IMCL is the muscle fiber type, since oxidative type I fibers can contain up to three times more IMCL than glycolytic type II muscle fibers. Because these different muscle fiber types are inhomogeneously distributed in rodent muscle, in the present study we investigated the distribution of IMCL within the rat tibialis anterior muscle (TA) in vivo using single-voxel 1H MRS along with the muscle fiber distribution in the TA ex vivo determined from immunohistological assays. IMCL levels in the TA differed by up to a factor of 3 depending on the position of the voxel. The distribution of IMCL over the TA cross section was not random, but emerged in a pattern similar to the distribution of the predominantly oxidative muscle fiber types. Dietary interventions, such as high-fat feeding and 15 hr of fasting, did not significantly change this typical fiber type-dependent pattern of IMCL content. These results stress the importance of voxel positioning when single-voxel 1H MRS is used to study IMCL in rodent muscle.     

良性前列腺增生症与心脑血管疾病危险因素关联性研究

目的 探讨心脑血管疾病危险因素高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、血脂异常与良性前列腺增生症(BPH)的关系.方法 选取205例BPH患者的临床资料,然后分别按照是否合并高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、血脂异常分为BPH非高血压组(A1组,n=115)和BPH合并高血压组(A2组,n=90)、BPH非高血糖组(B1组,n=169)和BPH合并高血糖组(B2组,n=36)、BPH非肥胖组(C1组,n=142)和BPH合并肥胖组(C2组,n=63)、BPH非血脂异常组(D1组,n=151)和BPH合并血脂异常组(D2组,n=54),再分别进行两组间回顾性对比分析;最后进一步分析前列腺体积(PV)分别与收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、体质指数(BMI)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)之间的相关性.结果 BPH分别合并高血压、糖尿病、肥胖患者与单纯性BPH患者相比,PV增大[(66.21±20.78) mL vs(56.79±29.31) mL、(68.98±27.67) mL vs(59.20±21.02) mL、(67.01±18.98) mL vs(58.45±23.64) mL],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);并且高血压分级与PV呈正相关(rs=0.321,P＜0.05);同样SBP、DBP、FBG、BMI、血清总PSA(t-PSA)和血清游离PSA(f-PSA)与PV呈正相关(r=0.229,P＜0.05;r=0.188,P＜0.05;r =0.180,P＜0.05;r =0.311,P＜0.05;r =0.161,P＜0.05;r =0.161,P＜0.05).结论 高血压、糖尿病、肥胖可能分别是促发BPH的危险因素,控制血压、血糖、体重可作为预防前列腺增生的手段之一.