马桑内酯致痫大鼠海马神经元丢失及化学性质的研究

为观察癫痫发作过程海马神经元丢失细胞的主要死亡方式 ,用马桑内酯建立慢性致痫大鼠模型 ,以 Nissl染色、免疫组化、TUNEL法以及后二者相结合的技术 ,对海马神经元及其中的抑制性神经元的丢失进行了分区观察、统计、分析。结果发现 :致痫组海马各区神经元较对照组明显减少 ,不同区域减少程度不同 ,以齿状回减少最为明显 ;免疫组化结果显示 ,致痫组的抑制性神经元 GABA-IR神经元、PV-IR神经元、CB-IR神经元在海马各区有不同程度的减少 ,其中 GABA-IR神经元减少最明显。在海马各区所有丢失的神经元中 ,三种抑制性神经元所占的比例不同 ;并在海马各区均可见到 TUNEL -GABA、TUNEL-PV、TU NEL-CB双重反应阳性神经元。提示 :马桑内酯所致的癫痫发作 ,可引起海马神经元丢失 ,且不同区域丢失的程度不同 ,丢失的神经元可能以凋亡方式为主 ;海马抑制性神经元 GABA-IR、PV-IR、CB-IR神经元在癫痫发作过程中也有不同程度的丢失 ,丢失很可能也是以凋亡形式为主     

Diluted Compositae mix versus sesquiterpene lactone mix as a screening agent for Compositae dermatitis: a multicentre study

The objective of this study was to compare diluted Compositae mix with sesquiterpene lactone mix as a marker for Compositae dermatitis. Patients undergoing diagnostic patch testing in 8 British Isles patch test centres were also patch tested to sesquiterpene lactone mix (0.1% pet.) and Compositae mix (3% pet. or 0.6% pet.). Of a total of 5574 patients tested, 71 (1.3%) reacted to Compositae mix, 57 (1.0%) reacted to sesquiterpene lactone mix, and 45 to both. Diluted Compositae mix remained a more sensitive screening marker for Compositae allergy. We recommend that patients are patch tested to both agents.     

马桑内酯诱导神经元微丝表达及其与细胞缝隙连接通道关系的研究

目的:研究马桑内酯(CoriariaLactone,CL)对神经元微丝F-actin的影响及其与缝隙连接通道的关系,以及它们在癫痫发病中的意义。方法:利用培养的神经元,采用直接免疫荧光法,用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察细胞骨架F-actin的结构及分布,同时测定F-actin含量。结果:致痫剂量的马桑内酯作用于神经元48h后,F-actin的荧光强度较对照组降低(P<0.01),给予CL+1-庚醇(1-hepatal),CL+1-庚醇+丙戊酸钠,CL+1-庚醇+卡马西平作用于神经元48h后F-actin的荧光强度较对照组明显升高(P<0.01),且以加丙戊酸钠和卡马西平组更显著。结论:CL可引起细胞内F-actin含量的降低,而通道阻滞剂1-庚醇,抗癫痫药丙戊酸钠、卡马西平可引起细胞内F-actin含量的增加,这种变化影响细胞骨架微丝装配和神经元胞间信号传导,可能在癫痫的产生中发挥重要作用。     

Production of N-acyl homoserine lactones by Gram-negative bacteria isolated from contact lens wearers

The purpose of this study was to investigate the production of N‐acyl‐homoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules in ocular Gram‐negative bacteria. A total of 91 ocular strains isolated from contact lens adverse response patients and asymptomatic subjects were used in the study. These included Acinetobacter, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia marcescens, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The biosensor strains Chromobacterium violaceum mutant CV026 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens A136 were used for detection of AHL signal molecules. The majority of A. hydrophila, P. aeruginosa, and S. liquefaciens strains produced more than one AHL molecule. Serratia marcescens strains were AHL positive only under detection of A136. The rest of the test species did not show any AHL production under the current detection system. These findings indicate that AHL‐ mediated quorum‐sensing systems are present in some of the ocular bacteria, and the different signal molecules may be involved with the quorum‐sensing pathway in the other bacterial species.     

木香的化学成分、药理作用、临床应用研究进展及质量标志物预测

木香为我国传统大宗药材,是多种中成药的原料,《中国药典》2020版一部以木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯作为指标成分,难以系统阐释木香“功效-成分-质量”的关系。近年来,国内外学者对木香各方面研究逐渐深入,许多新的化学成分与药理作用不断被发现。在对其化学成分和药理作用进行系统总结的基础上,根据质量标志物的核心理念,从植物亲缘、药效、药性、配伍、化学成分可测性等方面,对木香质量标志物进行预测分析,以期为木香质量评价体系的建立健全提供参考。     

大孔吸附树脂纯化银杏叶提取物的工艺研究

目的:研究大孔吸附树脂分离纯化银杏叶提取物的工艺条件。方法:以银杏叶黄酮醇苷及银杏叶内酯为指标成分,考察大孔吸附树脂对有效成分的吸附和解析条件。结果:采用选用DA201作为纯化树脂,效果最好。结论:工艺成熟,产品质量达到较好水平,适合工业化生产。     

丹参多酚酸提取物化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究丹参多酚酸提取物的化学成分。方法利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,利用光谱技术进行化合物结构解析。结果从丹参多酚酸提取物中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为(2R)-2-[(7-羟基-2-羰基-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基)-(4→3)-2-(2E)-烯丙酰氧基]-3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-丙酸(1)、丹酚酸D(2)、原儿茶醛(3)、迷迭香酸(4)、紫草酸(5)、丹酚酸B(6)和丹酚酸Y(7)。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为丹酚酸D内酯。     

A point mutation in a glutamate‐gated chloride channel confers abamectin resistance in the two‐spotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticae Koch

The molecular mechanisms and genetics of abamectin resistance mediated by target site insensitivity in the two‐spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, were investigated by comparing two isogenic abamectin‐susceptible (AbaS) and abamectin‐resistant (AbaR) strains. Cloning and sequencing of full‐length cDNA fragments of γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA)‐gated chloride channel genes revealed no polymorphisms between the two strains. However, sequence comparison of the full‐length cDNA fragment of a T. urticae glutamate‐gated chloride channel gene (TuGluCl) identified a G323D point mutation as being tentatively related with abamectin resistance. In individual F₂ progenies obtained by backcrossing, the G323D genotype was confirmed to correlate with abamectin resistance. Bioassays using progeny from reciprocal crossings revealed that the abamectin resistance trait resulting from TuGluCl insensitivity is incompletely recessive.