中西医结合辨治精神焦虑症

精神焦虑症是以精神焦虑、心中烦躁、心悸不安、情绪易于波动为主要表现的一类疾病.采用口服西药舒乐安片加中药百合莲子甘草大枣方治疗该病,取得良好效果.     

Zao Ren An Shen for insomnia: a systematic review with meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness and safety of Zao Ren An Shen (ZRAS), a Chinese herbal medicine formula, for the treatment of insomnia.MethodsSeven databases (ie, EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane library, and PsycINFO, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and Chongqing VIP) were searched from their inception to 6 November 2018. Controlled trials comparing the effectiveness or safety of ZRAS to conventional treatments, a placebo or no-treatment in an insomnia population were selected. Primary outcomes were: sleep quality (assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), and the number of adverse events at post-treatment. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3.ResultsA total of 19 studies (1780 participants) were included. The effect of ZRAS on sleep quality (mean difference) was found to be superior compared to placebo in the sole placebo-controlled study located [−0.90 (-1.56, −0.24; 95% CI), p = 0.007] and similar to Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists (BzRAs) [0.17 (-0.29, 0.64); 95% CI, p = 0.46]. The number of adverse events (relative risk) was lower for ZRAS than BzRAs [0.16 (0.12, 0.23; 95% CI), p < 0.001]. An overall high risk of bias was found in the selected studies.ConclusionsThe results favor ZRAS against BzRAs and placebo for the treatment of insomnia. However, the poor methodology of the studies prevents strong recommendations for ZRAS. Clinical trials with higher quality designs are required.     

Modeling of stable isotope and multi-element compositions of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) for origin traceability of protected geographical indication (PGI) products in Xinjiang,China

Jujube is widely grown in Xinjiang province, China, including two high-value PGI products, Charkhlik Hui jujube and Khotan Jun jujube. Origin mislabeling and substitution of PGI jujube by inferior products seriously harms their reputation and has potential food safety risks. In this study, stable isotope (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ²H, δ¹⁸O) and elemental (Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Ba, Pb) compositions of jujube from five different regions across Xinjiang province were analyzed by orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to verify the geographical origin of jujube and authenticate PGI products. A total of 167 Hui jujube and 156 Jun jujube samples, together with their associated soils were collected annually from 2013 to 2018. The regional, varietal and inter-annual differences of stable isotope and elemental compositions of jujube and their correlation with soil values were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and multivariate statistics. The discriminant accuracies of OPLS-DA modeling for both Hui and Jun jujube samples collected in 2016 were higher than 90 %. Over a longer five-year (from 2013 to 2018), the discriminant accuracies decreased slightly, but were still acceptable at 85 % and 75 % for the two varieties. The most important variables for discrimination models were Na, Al, Ba, and δ¹³C for Hui jujube, δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁵N for Jun jujube, respectively. The study show that this strategy holds good promise as a tool to combat mislabeling and fraudulent conduct and has the ability to protect PGI jujube produced in Xinjiang province.     

日尺度下的干旱区成龄枣树耗水量敏感因素建模分析--测试文章

以新疆阿克苏地区成龄枣树为研究对象,以日均气温(x₁)、日均相对湿度(x₂)、日均风速(x₃)、日太阳辐射总量(x₄)、日均大气压(x₅)、0～100 cm土壤日均含水率(x₆)及0～20 cm土壤日均温度(x₇)为模型影响因子,采用偏最小二乘回归法建立了枣树耗水量预测模型,在此基础上运用缺省因子法分析了枣树耗水量对各因子的敏感性,并采用灰色关联分析法加以验证。结果表明：偏最小二乘回归模型(PLSR)具有较高的模拟精度（相关系数r=0.9789）,不仅能够定量预测枣树耗水量（平均相对误差为6.40%）,而且能够从机理上解释各因素对耗水量的影响;枣树耗水量对太阳辐射能量、土壤含水率和温度这3因素最为敏感（敏感性指数分别为3.24、2.18和2.09）;基于缺省因子法的枣树耗水敏感因素排序（x₄＞x₁＞x₆＞x₃＞x₇＞x₂＞x₅）与灰色关联分析计算结果（x₄＞x₁＞x₆＞x₃＞x₇＞x₅＞x₂）基本一致,尤其在主要影响因素的判别上是完全一致的。     

甘草人参大枣在经方中使用规律辨析

甘草、人参、大枣组合是经方中补虚扶正的基本单元和核心药物,然而现代与经方的认识有所出入。经方中甘草主要用来补虚且剂量较大;人参除可益气外,尤善生津;大枣为调和诸药之祖,而非甘草。三药虽同为益气药,但临床应区别使用。     

大枣花酒蒸后主要活性成分含量变化的初步研究*

目的研究大枣花酒蒸前后主要活性成分（总酚、总黄酮、总三萜、总生物碱）含量的变化情况,为大枣花的进一步开发研究奠定基础。方法 大枣花生品用黄酒闷润90 min后蒸制30 min得到酒蒸品,采用紫外分光光度法测定大枣花蒸制前后总酚、总黄酮、总三萜、总生物碱含量变化。结果 大枣花经过酒蒸后,其总酚、总黄酮、总三萜、总生物碱含量均增加。结论 本次试验为大枣花的深入研究和产品开发提供了一定的参考。     

Zizyphus jujuba protects against ibuprofen-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Context. Zizyphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae) has long been used for the treatment of anxiety and insomnia in Chinese traditional medicine. The edible part is the fruit. Different parts of Z. jujuba possess medicinal properties such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antifertility.

Objectives: This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of Z. jujuba fruit aqueous extract (ZE) on nephrotoxicity induced by ibuprofen (IBP) in rats.

Materials and methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped as normal saline (control), ZE (500?mg/kg), IBP (400?mg/kg) and ZE?+?IBP-treated groups. After five days of oral administration, rats were sacrificed. The protective effect of ZE was evaluated by measuring kidney biomarkers, and histopathological changes of kidney were observed. Kidney antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lipid peroxidase were investigated.

Results: Administration of IBP resulted in a significant increase in urea and creatinine (p?p?p?p?p?p?p?Discussion and conclusion: These results indicated that Z. jujuba aqueous extract could have a therapeutic role in reducing nephrotoxicity induced by ibuprofen.     

酸枣仁与缅枣仁的蛋白质分析

目的：初步探讨酸枣仁与缅枣仁的蛋白质差异。方法：用凯氏定氮法测定蛋白质的含量；用酸水解法测定蛋白质的氨基酸组成；用十二烷基硫酸钠－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS－PAGE）和毛细管区带电泳（CZE）分析蛋白质的组分。结果：酸枣仁与缅枣仁的蛋白质含量分别为36．13％和41．58％；除缅枣仁蛋白质的缬氨酸和蛋氨酸明显高于酸枣仁外，蛋白质的其他氨基酸的组成差别不明显；SDS－PAGE图谱明显不同的是，酸枣仁有相对分子质量为39800的蛋白质，缅枣仁为50100的蛋白质；CZE图谱的区别是，酸枣仁为3．1min的峰，缅枣仁含有一个迁移时间为4．8min的峰。结论：缅枣仁的蛋白质含量较酸枣仁略高，且缬氨酸和蛋氨酸的含量明显高于酸枣仁。两种枣仁的SDS－PAGE和CAE图谱均有明显的差异存在。     

Hypnotic Effects of A Novel Anti-Insomnia Formula on Drosophila Insomnia Model

Objective

To assess the biological effects of the six-herb mixture Anti-Insomia Formula (AIF) extract using caffeine-induced insomnia Drosophila model and short-sleep mutants.

Methods

Caffeineinduced insomnia wild-type Drosophila and short-sleep mutant flies minisleep (mns) and Hyperkinetic^Y (Hk^Y) were used to assess the hypnotic effects of the AIF in vivo. The night time activity, the amount of night time sleep and the number of sleep bouts were determined using Drosophila activity monitoring system. Sleep was defined as any period of uninterrupted behavioral immobility (0 count per minute) lasting > 5 min. Night time sleep was calculated by summing up the sleep time in the dark period. Number of sleep bouts was calculated by counting the number of sleep episodes in the dark period.

Results

AIF at the dosage of 50 mg/mL, effectively attenuated caffeine-induced wakefulness (P<0.01) in wild-type Canton-S flies as indicated by the reduction of the sleep bouts, night time activities and increase of the amount of night time sleep. AIF also significantly reduced sleeping time of short-sleep Hk^Y mutant flies (P<0.01). However, AIF did not produce similar effect in mns mutants.

Conclusion

AIF might be able to rescue the abnormal condition caused by mutated modulatory subunit of the tetrameric potassium channel, but not rescuing the abnormal nerve firing caused by Shaker gene mutation. This study provides the scientific evidence to support the use of AIF in Chinese medicine for promoting sleep quality in insomnia.

     

Ziziphus jujube ameliorated cavernosal oxidative stress and fibrotic processes in cavernous nerve injury-induced erectile dysfunction in a rat model

The aim of this study was to investigate potential antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of Ziziphus jujube (ZJ) in a cavernosal nerve injury (CNI)-induced erectile dysfunction (ED) rat model. Forty-eight male rats were assigned to six-sized groups as group 1: sham-operated; group 2: sham-operated + low-dose ZJ (200 mg/kg); group 3: sham-operated + high-dose ZJ (400 mg/kg); group 4: CNI + distilled water; group 5: CNI + low-dose ZJ; and group 6: CNI + high-dose ZJ. At the end of 2 weeks, intracardiac blood was taken and rats were sacrificed. For biochemical analysis, cavernosal transforming growth factor-beta-1, collagen type I and type 3, fibronectin, α and β actin were examined in plasma and cavernosa. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and prolidase levels were measured in serum to evaluate antioxidant effect of ZJ. Histopathological examination of tissues revealed that highest fibrosis rate was in group 4 (66.84%). Collagen 1 and 3, alpha and beta actin, fibronectin levels were significantly different among groups (p < .05). Differences between plasma SOD, CAT, MDA and prolidase were also significant among those groups (p < .05). In this study, antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of ZJ were determined in the corporal tissue after CNI. It is thought that ZJ may be beneficial on ED patients especially after radical pelvic surgeries.