新生血管性青光眼睫状体冷凝术联合球后无水酒精注射疗效观察

目的 观察睫状体冷凝术联合球后无水酒精注射治疗新生血管性青光眼患者眼痛等临床症状的疗效.方法 对视力光感或光感消失伴药物不能控制眼压、且不宜施行滤过性手术的新生血管性青光眼32例（32只眼）,施行睫状体冷凝联合球后无水酒精注射术,并辅助降眼压药物治疗.结果 所有患者眼压均得到控制,症状缓解,虹膜新生血管消失.结论 睫状体冷凝术联合球后无水酒精注射对缓解视功能丧失的新生血管性青光眼患者的眼痛等临床症状是一种有效的治疗方法.     

High sensitization rate to emulsifiers in patients with chronic leg ulcers

Emulsifiers are common constituents of most topical preparations. To study the sensitization rate in a population with frequent use of these agents, we selected 47 patients with chronic or recurrent (> 1 year) inflammatory skin disease (leg ulcers, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis) for patch testing with the following emulsifiers: Tween 40 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate), Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate), Span 60 (sorbitan monostearate), Span 80 (sorbitan monooelate), Ariacel 83 (sorbitan sesquioleate), Atlas G 2162 (polyoxyethylene oxypropylene stearate), Atlas G 1441 (polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative), triethanolamine, Lanette O (cetylstearyl alcohol), Lanette N. 12 patients had at least 1 positive reaction (25.5%) at 3 or 4 days. Among them, 10 had leg ulcers (43.4% of the leg ulcer group), and 2 had contact dermatitis (13.3% of the contact dermatitis group). No positive reaction was observed in the other patients. When the patients were tested with their own topical preparations or wound dressings, 6 of them, all with leg ulcers, had positive reactions. These results show a surprisingly high prevalence of sensitization to emulsifiers in patients with chronic leg ulcers, in contrast to patients with other inflammatory skin diseases.     

叔丁醇治疗SD大鼠硒性白内障的疗效观察

目的:探讨叔丁醇外用滴眼液对SD大鼠硒性白内障模型(模拟老年性白内障)的治疗作用. 方法:建立SD大鼠硒性白内障模型,并将实验大鼠右眼作为药物干预组,左眼作为对照组;用自行配制的叔丁醇外用滴眼液(浓度分别为25、50、75 mmol/L)按时滴眼(1滴/次,3~5次/d);每日进行肉眼观察,并于用药后第5日及第10日用裂隙灯显微镜观察大鼠双眼晶状体核性病变,每日用游标卡尺(最小刻度值0.02 mm)测量大鼠双眼晶状体核性斑块最大直径的改变.另选未建模的SD大鼠,用100 mmol/L的叔丁醇滴眼液滴眼(1滴/次,3~5次/d),观察药物有无毒性及其他不良反应. 结果:硒性白内障大鼠用药眼晶状体核性混浊斑块直径小于对照眼(P<0.01);用药眼核性混浊斑块混浊程度低于对照眼;叔丁醇滴眼液毒性低,刺激性小. 结论:叔丁醇滴眼液对SD大鼠硒性白内障有一定的治疗作用.     

铁皮石斛原球茎的化学成分研究

 目的 研究铁皮石斛原球茎的化学成分。方法 应用色谱技术分离铁皮石斛原球茎中的化学成分,通过理化常数和波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。 结果 从乙醇提取物的丙酮、三氯甲烷和95%乙醇三部分分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为：1-O- p-阿魏酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅰ）,arillatose B（Ⅱ）,4-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)苄醇（Ⅲ）,4-羟甲基-2,6-二甲氧基苯基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅳ）,三十六烷酸（Ⅴ）,二十七烷醇（Ⅵ）,β-谷甾醇（Ⅶ）,3β,25-二羟基-23-烯-环菠萝蜜烷（Ⅷ）。结论 以上化合物均为首次从铁皮石斛原球茎中分得。其中,化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅷ为首次从石斛属中分得。     

杨树芽提取物对实验性胃溃疡的防治作用

目的研究杨树芽提取物对多种实验性胃溃疡的防治作用。方法通过测定胃溃疡面积、胃液分泌量、胃酸pH值、胃蛋白酶活性和病理切片等指标观察杨树芽提取物对醋酸、无水乙醇及幽门结扎所致大鼠实验性胃溃疡的影响。结果杨树芽提取物能显著减轻各项实验中胃溃疡指标。结论杨树芽提取物对多种实验性胃溃疡具有预防和治疗作用。     

酸枣仁-五味子药对提取工艺研究

目的优选酸枣仁-五味子药对的最佳提取工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以酸枣仁-五味子药对中五味子醇甲含量和水提浸膏得率为指标,采用超高液相色谱法测定五味子醇甲含量,考察加水量、提取时间、提取次数对水提取工艺的影响。结果最佳提取工艺为加10倍药材量的水,煎煮3次,每次1.5 h。结论优选的提取工艺稳定、可行。     

Literacy-Free 12 Step Expressive Arts Curriculum Enhances Engagement and Treatment Outcomes for Dually Diagnosed Substance Use and Mental Health Disorders

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the efficacy of the Literacy-Free 12 Step Expressive Arts Therapy© curriculum in enhancing personal change and treatment outcomes for populations dually diagnosed with substance use and mental health disorders. It supplemented standard rehabilitation treatment for 47 individuals in a U.S. facility by incorporating 12 Step guidelines, cognitive behavioral therapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, and expressive arts activities. Pre-session and post-session participant ratings revealed positive increases for commitment to recovery, attitude toward making lifestyle changes, and hopefulness. Compared to 101 inpatients at the same facility, curriculum participants evidenced less drop-out, higher treatment completion, and greater personal investment in recovery.     

Neuropsychological Aspects of Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy

An extensive psychometric test program was performed in 96 patients with proven liver cirrhosis and clinical signs of portal hypertension as well as in 20 patients with alcoholic pancreatitis, in 19 patients without cirrhosis but with alcoholic cerebral atrophy and in 163 normal controls. The study population comprised six groups of subjects as follows:Group 1. 27 patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis and normal EEG pattern " 2. 48 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and normal EEG pattern " 3. 21 patients with cirrhosis and minimal EEG changes " 4. 20 patients with alcoholic pancreatitis " 5. 19 patients without cirrhosis but with alcoholic cerebral atrophy " 6. 163 normal controls.A one way analysis of variances comparing asymptomatic patients (group 1, 2 and 4) with controls (group 6) revealed no significant differences between patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic cirrhosis, both cirrhotic groups scoring significantly lower than patients with alcoholic pancreatitis and normal controls, who did not differ significantly. Comparing symptomatic patients (group 3 and 5) with normal controls both patient groups scored significantly lower than controls, the cirrhotic group (group 3) scoring significantly lower than patients with alcoholic cerebral atrophy. A two way analysis of variances revealed that in clinically asymptomatic patients cerebral functional defects revealed by psychometry are only due to cirrhosis and that in patients with clinical evidence of cerebral impairment the factors alcohol and cirrhosis are additive - not synergistic. A multiple group stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that tests evaluating psychomotor functions contributed most to the discrimination. Especially line tracing proved to be most sensitive and most specific followed by dexterity, steadiness, aiming, digit symbols in sensitivity and by reaction time, steadiness and dexterity in specificity. A test program for clinical use is proposed.     

Reasons for drinking less and their relationship to sustained remission from problem drinking

AIMS: To compare representative general population and treated samples on their reasons for drinking less and whether particular reasons were related to sustained remission from problem drinking for either group. PARTICIPANTS AND DESIGN: A total of 659 problem drinking adults in a Northern California county identified through a probability survey in the general population (n = 239) and a survey of consecutive admissions to public and private alcohol and drug programs (n = 420), who reported drinking less at the one-year follow-up and provided reasons for reducing their drinking, were assessed 1-, 3-, and 5-years post-baseline regarding their problem drinking status. MEASUREMENTS: Logistic regression models were used to predict sustained remission from problem drinking. RESULTS: While the treated sample endorsed a majority of reasons in significantly higher proportions than the general population sample, the same three reasons were significant for both groups in predicting sustained remission from problem drinking: hitting rock bottom, experiencing a traumatic event and undergoing a spiritual awakening. Interventions by medical personnel and family members were either non-significant predictors or significantly negatively related to sustained improvement for both general population and treated problem drinkers. CONCLUSIONS: General population and treatment samples have similar reasons for cutting down as they relate to sustained remission from problem drinking.