鲁西北平原高碘地区分布特征及碘盐覆盖率现状

目的了解山东省西北地区水源性高碘地区分布和居民食用盐现状,为调整碘盐供应区域提供决策依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,在每个被调查县(市、区)乡镇按照东、西、南、北、中5个不同方位各抽取5个村庄,每个村庄采集饮用水样2份检测饮水含碘量,采集5户居民家中食用盐样检测盐碘,调查饮水类型及水井深度。结果共调查了3个市的21个县(市、区)的279个乡镇,共采集检测居民饮水样本2852份,水碘中位数为125.40μg/L(0.50～1820.03μg/L);居民户碘盐覆盖率为95.1%;在279个乡镇中有121个是高碘地区(病区),受累人口516.69万。其水碘中位数为235.86μg/L(150.05～1820.03μg/L),碘盐覆盖率96.0%。高碘地区全部处于黄河以北黄河冲积平原,呈片状分布,与河南、河北的高碘地区相连成片。西南部地区的高碘水几乎都是浅层,西北部的高碘水则以深层居多。高碘水的含碘量与水井深度呈正相关。结论鲁西北黄河冲积平原存在既有浅井高碘水又有深井高碘水的独特现象,有121个高碘地区,碘盐覆盖率96.0%。这些地区应停供碘盐,开展健康教育、水碘和碘盐监测工作。     

盐酸米诺环素软膏联合洗必泰碘药膜对牙周炎患者临床疗效、PLI、PD及GI的影响

目的探讨盐酸米诺环素软膏联合洗必泰碘药膜对牙周炎患者临床疗效、PLI、PD及GI的影响。方法选择2018年5月至2020年3月在我院接受治疗的牙周炎患者84例进行研究。随机分为2组,每组各42例。对照组在常规治疗基础上加以洗必泰碘药膜治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加以盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、PLI、PD、GI、牙龈沟液炎症因子及不良反应。结果观察组总有效率为95.23%,高于对照组的80.96%(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者PLI、PD、GI、IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α水平均明显下降,但观察组下降幅度更大(P<0.05)。对照组共出现3例(7.14%)不良反应,给药部位不适2例,皮肤瘙痒1例,观察组共出现4例(9.52%)不良反应,给药部位不适2例,皮肤瘙痒1例,恶心1例,不良反应经对症治疗后均得到控制,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盐酸米诺环素软膏联合洗必泰碘药膜较单独使用洗必泰碘药膜可有效提高牙周炎患者临床疗效,降低、PLI、PD及GI水平,缓解炎症反应且具有较高的安全性。     

2013年日照市东港区与莒县的孕妇儿童尿碘调查

目的调查日照市东港区与莒县两地的孕妇和8~10岁儿童的碘营养现状。方法对两地的孕妇和8~10岁儿童进行尿碘抽样调查。结果东港区孕妇尿碘中位数为177.9μg/L,莒县孕妇尿碘中位数为161.7μg/L;东港区儿童尿碘中位数为193.0μg/L,莒县儿童尿碘中位数为180.0μg/L。结论日照市东港区与莒县两地的孕妇和儿童碘营养水平达到了国家碘缺乏病消除标准,且两地孕妇和儿童尿碘水平差异无统计学意义。     

Use of synthetic urine as a matrix substitute for standard and quality control materials in the clinical assessment of iodine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Objectives

We developed and validated the use of synthetic urine as a matrix substitute for standard and quality control material preparation in the clinical assessment of iodine status in urine.

Design and methods

Measurement of iodine in urine was conducted using inductively coupled-plasma mass spectrometry. Analytical and clinical recoveries were assessed to investigate comparability between synthetic urine and pooled patient urine. Method performance characteristics were determined in accordance with clinical laboratory standards.

Results

Established assay performance characteristics included inter- and intra-assay imprecision < 10%, carryover of < 0.2%, analytical measurement range of 5 to 1000 μg/L, limit of quantification of 5 μg/L (coefficient of variation < 10%), proportional bias of 0.92 and constant bias of 8.8 in comparison to an outside reference laboratory.

Conclusions

Synthetic urine is an appropriate alternative matrix for standard and quality control material preparation for the measurement of iodine in urine.     

NIS基因转染对肝细胞癌NIS蛋白表达及摄碘功能的影响

目的:探讨肝细胞癌细胞核素靶向治疗方法。方法:提取NIS基因片段并构建重组质粒pcDNA3/NIS,将重组质粒导入肝细胞癌HepG2细胞。转染后24 h利用Western-Blot法检测HepG2细胞NIS蛋白表达,采用125I结合试验评估转染后细胞的摄碘率,采用DAPI染色法评估HepG2细胞摄125I后的凋亡情况。实验组与对照组之间NIS蛋白表达、摄碘率以及细胞凋亡率比较采用t检验。结果:蛋白电泳表明经NIS基因转染后,实验组HepG2细胞已表达NIS蛋白,表达强度显著高于对照组（t=2.693, P<0.05）。实验组HepG2细胞摄碘率B/T%平均为（18.4±5.8）%,显著高于对照组（t=36.842, P<0.05）。结合125I后24 h,实验组凋亡细胞数多于对照组,平均凋亡率为（19.2±5.3）%,显著高于对照组（t=3.086, P<0.05）。结论:转染外源性NIS基因可上调肝细胞癌HepG2细胞NIS蛋白表达,使其具备摄碘功能,加快细胞凋亡,为放射性碘靶向治疗提供实验依据。     

Changes in liver gluconeogenesis during the development of Walker‐256 tumour in rats

Few studies have investigated liver gluconeogenesis in cancer and there is no agreement as to whether the activity of this pathway is increased or decreased in this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate gluconeogenesis from alanine, pyruvate and glycerol, and related metabolic parameters in perfused liver from Walker‐256 tumour‐bearing rats on days 5 (WK5 group), 8 (WK8 group) and 12 (WK12 group) of tumour development. There was reduction (P < 0.05) of liver glucose production from alanine and pyruvate in WK5, WK8 and WK12 groups, which was accompanied by a decrease (P < 0.05) in oxygen consumption. Moreover, there was higher (P < 0.05) pyruvate and lactate production from alanine in the WK5 group and a marked reduction (P < 0.05) of pyruvate and urea production from alanine in the WK12 group. In addition, liver glucose production and oxygen consumption from glycerol were not reduced in WK5, WK8 and WK12 groups. Thus the, the results show inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis from alanine and pyruvate, but not from glycerol, on days 5, 8 and 12 of Walker‐256 tumour development, which can be attributed to the metabolic step in which the substrate enters the gluconeogenic pathway.     

Change of Therapeutic Response Classification According to Recombinant Human Thyrotropin-Stimulated Thyroglobulin Measured at Different Time Points in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

PurposeWe investigated whether response classification after total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy could be affected by serum levels of recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH)-stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) measured at different time points in a follow-up of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsA total of 147 PTC patients underwent serum Tg measurement for response assessment 6 to 24 months after the first RAI therapy. Serum Tg levels were measured at 24 h (D1Tg) and 48–72 h (D2-3Tg) after the 2^nd injection of rhTSH. Responses were classified into three categories based on serum Tg corresponding to the excellent response (ER-Tg), indeterminate response (IR-Tg), and biochemical incomplete response (BIR-Tg). The distribution pattern of response classification based on serum Tg at different time points (D1Tg vs. D2-3Tg) was compared.ResultsSerum D2-3Tg level was higher than D1Tg level (0.339 ng/mL vs. 0.239 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The distribution of response categories was not significantly different between D1Tg-based and D2-3Tg-based classification. However, 8 of 103 (7.8%) patients and 3 of 40 (7.5%) patients initially categorized as ER-Tg and IR-Tg based on D1Tg, respectively, were reclassified to IR-Tg and BIR-Tg based on D2-3Tg, respectively. The optimal cutoff values of D1Tg for the change of response categories were 0.557 ng/mL (from ER-Tg to IR-Tg) and 6.845 ng/mL (from IR-Tg to BIR-Tg).ConclusionD1Tg measurement was sufficient to assess the therapeutic response in most patients with low level of D1Tg. Nevertheless, D2-3Tg measurement was still necessary in the patients with D1Tg higher than a certain level as response classification based on D2-3Tg could change.     

Human progenitor cell recruitment via SDF-1α coacervate-laden PGS vascular grafts

Host cell recruitment is crucial for vascular graft remodeling and integration into the native blood vessel; it is especially important for cell-free strategies which rely on host remodeling. Controlled release of growth factors from vascular grafts may enhance host cell recruitment. Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α has been shown to induce host progenitor cell migration and recruitment; however, its potential in regenerative therapies is often limited due to its short half-life in vivo. This report describes a coacervate drug delivery system for enhancing progenitor cell recruitment into an elastomeric vascular graft by conferring protection of SDF-1α. Heparin and a synthetic polycation are used to form a coacervate, which is incorporated into poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) scaffolds. In addition to protecting SDF-1α, the coacervate facilitates uniform scaffold coating. Coacervate-laden scaffolds have high SDF-1α loading efficiency and provide sustained release under static and physiologically-relevant flow conditions with minimal initial burst release. In vitro assays showed that coacervate-laden scaffolds enhance migration and infiltration of human endothelial and mesenchymal progenitor cells by maintaining a stable SDF-1α gradient. These results suggest that SDF-1α coacervate-laden scaffolds show great promise for in situ vascular regeneration.     

Thyroid volumes and iodine status in Egyptian South Sinai schoolchildren

Introduction

The determination of goitre prevalence in children by ultrasonography is an important tool for considering iodine deficiency disorders. Our objective was to describe measurements of thyroid volumes by ultrasonography in Egyptian South Sinai schoolchildren and compare these with the WHO/International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders normative thyroid volume criteria (WHO/ICCIDD).

Material and methods

Cross-sectional thyroid ultrasonographic data of 719 schoolchildren (339 boys and 380 girls), aged 6-12 years from five cities in South Sinai (El Tur (T), Abu Redis (R), Ras Sudr (S), Saint Katherine (SK), and Nwebaa (N)). Age/sex and body surface area/sex specific upper limits (97^th percentile) of normal thyroid volume were derived and urinary iodine (UI) was measured.

Results

The median value of urinary iodine was 150 µg/l. Comparing WHO/ICCIDD thyroid volume references to Egyptian South Sinai schoolchildren resulted in goitre prevalence of 10.6% using age/sex specific and 13.48% using body surface area/sex specific cut-off values. The prevalence of goitre was 20.0% in S, 16.3% in R, 10.8% in N, 9.9% in T, and 10.5% in SC. Upper limits of normal (97^th percentile) thyroid volume from South Sinai schoolchildren calculated using BSA, sex, and age were higher than the corresponding WHO/ICCIDD.

Conclusions

Prevalence of goitre is high in South Sinai schoolchildren. The body surface area reference should be preferred to the reference based on age. South Sinai schoolchildren had larger thyroids than WHO/ICCIDD thyroid volumes, perhaps due to hard polluted water with a high fluorine level.