The inversion effect on gaze perception reflects processing of component information

When faces are turned upside-down they are much more difficult to recognize than other objects. This "face inversion effect" has often been explained in terms of configural processing, which is impaired when faces are rotated away from the upright. Here we report a "gaze inversion effect" and discuss whether it is related to configural face processing of the whole face. Observers reported the gaze locations of photographed upright or inverted faces. When whole faces were presented, we found an inversion effect both for constant errors and observer sensitivity. These results were closely replicated when only the eyes were visible. Together, our findings suggest that gaze processing is largely based on component-based information from the eye region. Processing this information is orientation-sensitive and does not seem to rely on configural processing of the whole face.     

药品数量管理与医保系统的关系

原因信息系统与医保系统实现有效接口,促进了药品的数量管理和医生工作站的推广,降低了错误处方的发生率,使医院服务更加顺畅。     

大鼠三叉神经脊束间质核内接受内脏伤害性信息的含CB神经元向孤束核的投射

目的 探讨大鼠三叉神经脊束间质核(INV)内接受内脏伤害性信息的含calbindin D-28K(CB)神经元与孤束核(NTS)的投射联系。方法 用福尔马林刺激上消化道，应用荧光金(FG)逆行束路追踪结合Fos和CB的免疫荧光组织化学三重标记法。结果 INV的背侧边缘旁核(PaMd)和三叉旁核(PaV)内可见到大量FG逆标细胞，以注射FG的同侧为主。大部分FG逆标细胞(约71.2％)为CB免疫反应阳性。部分FG和CB双标记神经元(约31．5％)同时呈Fos免疫反应阳性的三重标记。结论 INV内部分接受内脏伤害性刺激的CB神经元可直接投射至NTS，含CB的神经元在内脏伤害性信息经INV向NTS的传导通路中，可能发挥重要作用.     

Classes of neurons in relation to the laminar organization of the lateral geniculate nucleus in the tree shrew, Tupaia belangeri

We used the rapid Golgi and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) techniques to study the dendritic spread of relay neurons in functionally distinct laminae of the tree shrew dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd). On the basis of their dendritic spread in relation to laminar and interlaminar zones, we describe three classes of relay neurons. Unilaminar neurons with multipolar radiate, bitufted, and intermediate types of dendrites. Dendrites of these neurons are confined to one lamina only, but also can have some of their segments in adjacent interlaminar zones. Multilaminar neurons with multipolar radiate, bitufted, and intermediate types of dendrites. Independent of the site of their cell bodies in a laminar or interlaminar zone, these neurons spread their dendrites over two or more laminae. Interlaminar neurons whose cell bodies and dendrites are confined to a single interlaminar zone. Unilaminar neurons are found in all the laminae. In the medial three laminae, they are more of the radiate type, whereas in laminae 4 and 5 their dendrites tend to be more of a tufted nature. Lamina 6 shows a preponderance of the elongated bitufted type. Multilaminar neurons, although less common as compared to the unilaminar, are also observed in all the laminae. Some neurons have their dendrites confined to an interlaminar zone. By retrograde transport of HRP injected into the visual cortex, we have shown that these neurons are, in fact, relay neurons. In addition to relay neurons, there are small interneurons with "axoniform" dendrites and an unmyelinated axon whose arborization is confined within the limits of the neuron's dendritic spread. Neurons of this type are not labeled with HRP injected into the visual cortex. We conclude that although each lamina is functionally specialized by input from ipsilateral or contralateral retina and by segregation of neurons responding to on or off stimuli, some multilaminar neurons can be found in each lamina. Thus, laminar as well as interlaminar zones contain a class of neurons that could provide a cross-talk between the functionally specialized laminae. Most relay neurons in all the laminae, however, confine their dendrites to their home lamina. Thus, the dendritic architecture of relay neurons allows for processing of information both within channels and between channels.     

患者信息错误的常见原因分析及对策

目的:统计病案中患者信息修改原因的数据,对比实施对策的成效分析,为医院管理提供参考依据。方法:将2017年、2018年两年内登记的患者信息修改数据分类统计后采用EXCEL进行对比分析。结果:患者信息修改原因主要以患者姓名同音不同字修改为主,占65.23%,姓名、年龄全部修改的较少,占3.37%。针对患者基本信息的错误,2018年实施干预对策后,患者信息修改的例数较2017年有所减少。结论:患者信息修改存在诸多隐患,医院应通过加强管理,制定患者信息修改的相关规定,不断完善相关流程,以减少患者信息错误的发生,保证患者信息的准确性。     

信息交流视角下国内外科技期刊的知识服务模式

【目的】在信息交流视角下,探讨我国科技期刊知识服务转型发展的突破路径。 【方法】通过文献调研和对比分析法,探讨面向科技期刊知识服务的科学信息交流模式框架,对国内外科技期刊知识服务模式进行分析。 【结果】分别从正式交流和非正式交流视角,归纳总结国内外科技期刊所开展的知识服务。通过对比国内外科技期刊在服务模式、手段和渠道的差异,提出我国科技期刊知识服务的发展策略。 【结论】我国科技期刊应从集团化经营模式、自动化出版流程、基于微信矩阵拓展服务项目等方面入手,完善自身的知识服务体系,实现知识生产向知识服务的创新转型。     

社区卫生服务信息系统之健康档案研究

建立一套标准、规范、电子化的城市社区家庭个人健康档案模式及可接通互联网络的电脑管理信息系统,为社区工医生提供完整的、系统的居民健康状况数据,是社区医生掌握居民健康状况的基本工具,进行社区诊断的主要依据,是进行社区卫生管理的重要前提,也是我国卫生事业发展必然趋势。     

心理筛查异常孕妇产后抑郁发生状况及影响因素分析

目的 调查建档产检时心理筛查异常孕妇产后抑郁症状发生情况并分析其影响因素.方法 纳入建档产检时心理筛查异常孕妇681例.根据爱丁堡产后抑郁量表筛查结果判定产妇是否存在产后抑郁症状,采用Logistic回归分析探讨产后抑郁症状的影响因素.结果 681例中出现产后抑郁症状105例(占15.4％).个人精神心理疾病史,孕晚期存在焦虑症状、抑郁症状和焦虑抑郁症状并存是发生产后抑郁症状的危险因素(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 建档产检时心理筛查异常产妇产后抑郁症状发生率不高,提示可能需要重新考虑合适的孕期心理筛查时间点和量表.需重视孕晚期心理筛查异常孕妇和有精神心理疾病史孕妇的跟踪随访,同时提高从业者的心理保健能力,保障心理保健效果.