A case of pseudolymphoma of the liver

A case of pseudolymphoma (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) of the liver in a 66 year old female is presented. A tumor-like lesion was incidentally discovered in the liver during clinical follow up of diabetes mellitus. The hepatic lesion was resected because malignant lymphoma was suspected after a needle biopsy. Grossly, the lesion was well-deflned and measured 1.0 × 1.5 × 1.0 cm. Microscoplcally, the lesion consisted of hyperplastic lymphoid follicles with distinctive germinal centers and interfollicular areas consisting of mature lymphocytes and plasma cells. An immunohistologlcal study revealed that the lymphoid cells of the lesion were polyclonal in immunophenotypes. These histological and immunohistochemical findings strongly suggested a pseudolymphoma and not hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor. Thls case was diagnosed as pseudolymphoma of liver. Only a few cases of hepatic pseudolymphoma have so far been reported In the English literature.     

肠道菌群介导生脉方对脓毒症小鼠的治疗作用

探究生脉方（Shengmai formula,SMF）对脓毒症小鼠组织损伤、血清炎症因子和外周血固有免疫细胞比例的作用;考察肠道菌群在SMF治疗脓毒症中的作用。灌胃0.3,0.6,1.2 g/kg或腹腔注射0.6 g/kg SMF 4 d后腹腔注射20 mg/kg脂多糖（LPS）建立脓毒症模型,考察小鼠生存率,通过H&E染色观察小鼠肝、肺、肾组织病理改变,检测血清IL-6、TNF-α、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）水平;建立LPS和盲肠结扎穿刺（CLP）脓毒症模型,通过流式细胞术检测SMF灌胃或腹腔注射对外周血单核细胞、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞比例的影响;考察抗生素（ABX）处理对SMF灌胃治疗脓毒症的影响;考察SMF灌胃小鼠的粪菌对脓毒症的治疗作用。结果表明,SMF灌胃显著提高LPS模型小鼠生存率,减轻肝、肺、肾损伤和炎性浸润,降低血清IL-6、ALT、AST、BUN、Cr水平;显著降低LPS模型24 h外周血巨噬细胞比例,下调CLP模型24 h外周血单核、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞比例。SMF腹腔注射对脓毒症模型上述指标均无显著作用。ABX...     

In Vitro Evaluation of Dexamethasone-β-D-Glucuronide for Colon-Specific Drug Delivery

Dexamethasone--D-glucuronide is a potential prodrug for colonic delivery of the antiinflammatory corticosteroid dexamethasone. Previous studies [T. R. Tozer et al., Pharm. Res. 8:445–454 (1991)] indicated that a glucoside prodrug of dexamethasone was susceptible to hydrolysis in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Resistance of dexamethasone--D-glucuronide to hydrolysis in the upper gastrointestinal tract was therefore assessed. Conventional, germfree, and colitic rats were used to examine enzyme levels along the gastrointestinal tract to compare the stability of two model substrates (p-nitrophenyl--D-glucoside and --D-glucuronide) and to evaluate the prodrug dexamethasone--D-glucuronide. Hydrolytic activity was examined in the luminal contents, mucosa, and underlying muscle/connective tissues in all three types of rats. Enzymatic activity (-D-glucosidase and -D-glucuronidase) was greatest in the lumen of cecum and colon of conventional rats. In contrast, germ-free rats exhibited relatively high levels of -D-glucosidase activity (about 80% of total activity in the conventional rats) in the proximal small intestine (PSI) and the distal small intestine (DSI). Rats with induced colitis (acetic acid) showed reduced levels of luminal -D-glucuronidase activity in the large intestine; however, -D-glucosidase activity was relatively unchanged relative to that of the conventional rat. Mucosal -D-glucuronidase activity was significantly lower in the colitic rats compared with that in the conventional animals. Despite reduced luminal levels of -D-glucuronidase activity in the colitic rats, there was still a sharp gradient of activity between the small and the large intestines. Permeability of the glucoside and glucuronide prodrugs of dexamethasone through a monolayer of Caco-2 cells was relatively low compared to that of dexamethasone. The results indicate that dexamethasone--D-glucuronide should be relatively stable and poorly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Once the compound reaches the large intestine, it should be hydrolyzed to dexamethasone and glucuronic acid. Specificity of colonic delivery in humans should be even greater due to lower levels of -D-glucuronidase activity in the small intestine compared with that in the laboratory rat.     

Sexually transmitted diseases in Bauchi,Nigeria

Sexually transmitted diseases pose a health threat to families, society and the nation but there is no report of these diseases to help health planners in Bauchi. Medical records were examined from 1983 to 1988 in two major health institutions, the University Medical Centre and the Specialist Hospital to determine the extent and types of these diseases in Bauchi.

Urethritis, syphilis, candidiasis, pelvic inflammatory diseases, trichomoniasis were very common. Gonorrhoea was the least reported disease.

The cases of syphilis reported at the Specialist Hospital nearly doubled from 111 in 1983 to 214 in 1988, urethritis increased from 141 to 232. In the University Medical Centre, all reported cases of sexually transmitted diseases decreased from 1983 to 1988.

Data analysis of cases common to the Specialist Hospital and the University Medical Centre gave no significant difference between the institutions at the 95% level of confidence.     

栀子的抗炎镇痛作用研究

用３．０和１．０ｇ浸膏／ｋｇ２个剂量进行试验,探讨单味桅子７５％甲醇提取物对炎症组织的影响,结果表明,桅子浸膏可显著抑制醋酸诱发血管通透性增加,高、低剂量的抑制率分别为４４．７％和２５．６％;显著抑制叉菜所致大鼠足肿胀作用,第６小时抑制率分别为３３．６％和２５．４％;显著抑制棉球肉芽组织增生,抑制率分别为５４．１％和３３．０％;对醋酸诱发的小鼠扭体反应有一定抑制作用,抑制率分别为２６．８％和１８．     

雷公藤多甙的抗炎和免疫抑制作用

目的探讨雷公藤多甙(T     

关节灵片镇痛、抗炎作用的实验研究

为探讨关节灵片的镇痛、抗炎作用,用热板法和扭体法观察该药镇痛作用,结果关节灵片为不同剂量灌胃给药对小鼠热致痛和醋酸致痛均有明显抗痛作用,呈现一定的量效关系;关节灵片对二甲苯所致炎性水肿亦有显著的抑制作用。提示关节灵具有较好的镇痛抗炎作用。     

IL-8单抗对炎症性中性粒细胞浸润的阻断作用

目的　建立可特异性识别IL - 8抗原并具有拮抗IL - 8生物学活性的单抗 ,观察抗体对炎症性损伤的保护作用。方法　采用常规方法免疫和细胞融合 ,经间接ELISA检测和有限稀释亚克隆、筛选 ,建立稳定分泌抗人IL - 8的杂交瘤细胞株。通过趋化阻断实验 ,观察抗体在体外拮抗IL - 8生物学活性的作用 ;以家兔为模型 ,通过皮肤注射LPS诱导局部产生炎症反应 ,同时静脉注射IL - 8抗体 ,观察抗体对炎症性损伤的保护作用。结果　经筛选获得 3株稳定分泌IL - 8单抗的杂交瘤细胞株 ,一株为IgG1(SI98) ,另两株为IgM (SI96、SI97)。这 3株单抗在体外具有阻断IL - 8对中性粒细胞的趋化作用 ;在体内 ,皮肤局部注射LPS产生的炎症反应 ,导致大量中性粒细胞的浸润 ,体内预先注射IL - 8抗体后 ,可明显阻断中性粒细胞在炎症部位的浸润。结论　 3株单抗均可作为拮抗IL - 8生物学功能的拮抗剂 ,阻断炎症反应过程中中性粒细胞的浸润。     

急性胰腺炎和全身炎症反应综合征的关系

目的 探讨急性胰腺炎（ＡＰ）和全身炎症反应综合性（ＳＩＲＳ）的关系。方法 观察７１例ＡＰ患者的生长抑航船主重症急性胰腺炎（ＳＡＰ）进展的过程。结果 多数ＳＡＰ患者（８６％）可以出现ＳＩＲＳ,而轻型急性胰腺炎患者中出现ＳＩＲＳ甚少（１１％）;ＳＡＰ患者血清ＩＬ－１β,ＴＮＦα和ＩＬ－６水平明显升高,并与ＳＡＰ的病损程度及ＳＩＲＳ的表现呈正相关。结论 ＳＡＰ患者可以出现ＳＩＲＳ,生长抑素对ＳＡＰ的ＳＩ     

Single-cell transcriptome atlas reveals protective characteristics of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are promising alternatives to conventional vaccines in many aspects. We previously developed a lipopolyplex (LPP)-based mRNA vaccine (SW0123) that demonstrated robust immunogenicity and strong protective capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in mice and rhesus macaques. However, the immune profiles and mechanisms of pulmonary protection induced by SW0123 remain unclear. Through high-resolution single-cell analysis, we found that SW0123 vaccination effectively suppressed SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting the recruitment of proinflammatory macrophages and increasing the frequency of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In addition, the apoptotic process in both lung epithelial and endothelial cells was significantly inhibited, which was proposed to be one major mechanism contributing to vaccine-induced lung protection. Cell−cell interaction in the lung compartment was also altered by vaccination. These data collectively unravel the mechanisms by which the SW0123 protects against lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.