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51.
52.
The purpose of our study was to test the hypothesis that the quotient between plasma glucose and whole body oxygen consumption (VO2) as a 'metabolic index' is a sensitive indicator of early graft function. Arterial levels of glucose and oxygen consumption were determined in 100 consecutive patients during orthotopic liver transplantation performed without anhepatic veno-venous bypass. Patients were divided into survivors with no obvious problems related to graft function and those with primary nonfunction of the graft. The neohepatic increase in VO2 was significantly higher in survivors (112 +/- 4 vs 88 +/- 11 ml.min-1.m-2; p < 0.05), whereas blood glucose levels after reperfusion were higher (352 +/- 18 vs. 287 +/- 36 mg dl-1) in those with primary non-function of the graft. The calculated metabolic index was also higher (4.02 +/- 0.93 vs 2.67 +/- 0.45, p < 0.05) in patients with primary nonfunction of the graft. Our principal conclusion was that 92% of normal functioning liver grafts could be classified correctly by the metabolic index immediately after reperfusion, whereas glucose levels and VO2 alone classified only 67% and 70% of normal functioning liver grafts correctly. 相似文献
53.
ABSTRACT. The effects of procedures which stimulate sympathetic activity, viz. mental stress induced by a colour-word conflict test (CWT) for 20 min, and orthostasis (ORT) for 8 min were studied in 8 young (16-20 yr) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 9 age and sex-matched healthy controls. The IDDM patients showed no signs of neuropathy or retinopathy and their mean HbA1c value was 8.4 ±0.6% (normal value < 5.0 %). Blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly during CWT and ORT in both groups. The changes in systolic blood pressure and heart rate were comparable in both groups during CWT; the IDDM group showed a higher ( p < 0.05) heart rate after 8 min of orthostasis, however. CWT and ORT elicited equivalent increases in noradrenaline in venous plasma in both groups ( p < 0.05), but the IDDM patients had 50% lower values ( p < 0.01) at rest, during CWT and at rest after CWT than controls. CWT and ORT evoked equivalent plasma adrenaline increases in both groups. The lipolysis marker, plasma glycerol, was about 40 % lower ( p < 0.05) in the IDDM group before and after CWT. Yet, mental stress evoked equivalent increases in glycerol levels ( p < 0.01) in both groups. These findings indicate that sympathetic activity in the young diabetic patients without signs of neuropathy may be blunted. 相似文献
54.
V. K. Bozhenko E. V. Khmelevskii A. M. Shishkin V. N. Vasil'ev A. G. Zakharov V. I. Kiselev 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1994,117(3):297-299
The dynamics of125I distribution is studied in rats with induced tumors of the prostate and mammary gland for intravenous administration of125I-3D-G. It is found that 80% of the activity is eliminated in the first 24 hours. A relatively high level of125I accumulation is found in necrotically altered regions of the tumor.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, № 3, pp. 294–295, March, 1994. 相似文献
55.
服用左炔诺孕酮滴丸和妈富隆1年对血压、血糖和血脂的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杨玉健 《天津医科大学学报》2003,9(3):373-377
目的:观察第二、三代口服避孕药(COC)对育龄妇女体重指数、血压、血糖和血脂的影响。方法:将自愿服用COC避孕1年的妇女105例随机分为两组,其中54例给予第二代COC(EE/LNG组),51例给予第三代COC(EE/DG组)。并对研究前后所有病例的体重指数(BMI)、血压、血糖和血脂代谢指标进行比较分析。结果:EE/LNG组:BMI、收缩压、舒张压、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和载脂蛋白B(ApoB)水平均升高,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平下降,血糖、载脂蛋白AI(ApoAI)水平无明显改变。EE/DG组收缩压、TG、HDL水平升高,BMI、舒张压、血糖、TC、LDL、ApoAI和ApoB均未发生显著变化。以上所有测量指标均未超出正常范围。结论:使用1年第二、三代COC对妇女BMI、血压和血脂代谢都有微弱的影响,对空腹血糖无明显影响。第三代COC对妇女BMI、收缩压、舒张压、TG、TC、LDL、HDL水平和ApoB的不利影响小于第二代,更加安全可靠。 相似文献
56.
A. Green 《Diabetologia》1987,30(3):188-192
Summary To determine whether adenosine is involved in long-term regulation of glucose transport in adipose tissue, we have investigated effects of administration of an adenosine receptor antagonist (theophylline) on adipocyte glucose transport. Rats were injected with theophylline (30 mg/kg, dissolved in 0.9% NaCl) daily for 7 days. Controls were injected with saline. The rats were then killed, and epididymal adipocytes were isolated. Insulin-stimulated glucose transport rates were decreased by about 25%–30% in the cells from theophylline-treated rats at all insulin concentrations tested. The half-maximally effective concentration of insulin was not altered (6.5±0.5 and 6.7±0.5 mU/l in control and treated cells respectively), suggesting a post-insulin binding defect. This was confirmed by the finding that 125I-insulin binding to the cells was not altered. Adenosine receptor number and affinity (measured on detergent-solubilized adipocyte extracts using 125I-hydroxyphenylisopropyl adenosine) was also not changed by theophylline treatment. We conclude that theophylline administration causes decreased glucose transport rates in rat adipocytes at a post-insulin binding level. Thus, chronic adenosine receptor blockade impairs adipocyte glucose transport, suggesting that adenosine is involved in long-term regulation of glucose metabolism in adipose tissue. 相似文献
57.
程海东 《复旦学报(医学版)》2002,29(4):294-295,299
目的 研究妊娠期糖尿病与胎儿生长发育中糖代谢特点的关系。方法 选择妊娠期糖尿病25例(GDM组),正常孕妇20例(对照组),分别测孕妇空腹血糖、糖耐量、C肽、IGF-I、新生儿出生2h内空腹血糖,并依据新生儿出生体重分为大于胎龄儿组(LGA组,≥4000g),适于胎龄儿组(AGA组,2500-3999g)。结果 C肽及新生儿出生2h内空腹血糖GDM组与对照组差异有显著性;糖耐量各时点血糖值餐后2h血糖值LGA和AGA组差异有显著性。结论 血糖始终是影响胎儿生长发育的重要因素,孕妇餐后2h血糖水平与巨大儿的发生呈正相关。 相似文献
58.
Summary To define the glucose to insulin dose-response relationship before the onset of diabetes, we studied 22 nondiabetic co-twins of patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and nine control subjects. All had intravenous glucose tests at 0.02, 0.1 and 0.5 g/kg and were followedup prospectively for at least 6 years. Seven twins developed diabetes a mean of 7 months later; the remaining 15 are now unlikely to develop diabetes. The seven pre-diabetic twins had higher fasting insulin levels than control subjects (4.2±2.0 vs 1.8±1.8 nmol/l; p<0.05); but lower glucose clearance (1.0±0.5 vs 1.9±0.7 %/min; p<0.05), first phase insulin response at 0.5 g/kg (21.1±23.2 vs 143±50 nmol/l; p<0.0001), and total insulin responses at 0.1 g/kg (p<0.05) and 0.5 g/kg (p<0.00005). Using a curve-fitting programme, the normal glucose to insulin relationship was lost in prediabetic twins who had lower coefficient of determination (R2) than control subjects (p<0.01). In contrast, 15 low-risk twins and their nine control subjects had similar fasting glucose and insulin levels, glucose clearance, R2 and insulin secretory responses to different glucose loads. The positive predictive values of subnormal R2 and subnormal first phase insulin response were 67 % and 58 % respectively. These observations demonstrate an altered glucose to insulin dose-response relationship and loss of maximum insulin secretory response to glucose before the onset of Type 1 diabetes. 相似文献
59.
目的:探讨儿童甲亢患者糖代谢紊乱的特点。方法:用SUPER GLUCOCARD^TM血糖仪和放射免疫方法检测29例甲亢患儿餐前、餐后60min、120min血糖和餐前、餐后60min胰岛素、C肽、胰高糖素、皮质醇及T3、T4、TSH、TGA、TMA(其中10例糖耐量减低为甲亢1组,另19例糖耐量正常为甲亢2组),并与20例健康儿童进行比较。结果:(1)34.5%甲亢患儿出现糖代谢紊乱,病程大于1年和小于1年糖代谢紊乱发生率为50%,9%(P<0.05)。(2)甲亢1组餐后60min胰岛素、胰岛素/血糖、胰岛素/胰高糖素显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:甲亢儿童存在糖代谢紊乱现象,表现为葡萄糖耐量减低和胰岛素拮抗,其发生与病程有关,病程较长,发生率较高。糖代谢紊乱可能与自身免疫、胰岛β细胞功能受损及胰岛素拮抗有关。 相似文献
60.
A. Saija P. Princi R. De Pasquale G. Costa G. B. De Sarro 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1992,88(1):151-157
Summary The genetically epileptic-prone rat (GEPR) is a valuable model for the study of gene-linked abnormalities involved in epilepsy. In comparison with normal Sprague-Dawley controls, we found, in GEPRs, a marked depression in local cerebral glucose utilization, widespread throughout the brain. This depression was accompanied by a significant increase of blood-brain barrier permeability and a reduction in regional blood volume. Finally GEPRs showed lower plasma levels of total triiodothyronine than normal controls. One can speculate that alterations in cerebral metabolism and microvascular regulation and thyroid hormone imbalance may be gene-linked factors involved in seizure susceptibility. 相似文献