可溶性和膜结合性CD14在类风湿关节炎患者外周血中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)患者血清中可溶性CD14(sCD14)的水平及血浆单核细胞膜结合性CD14(mCD14)的表达与RA的关系。方法:收集78例RA患者和50名健康对照者(对照组)的外周血,酶联免疫吸附试验法检测血清中sCD14的表达,同时分离RA患者和对照组外周血单个核细胞,通过流式细胞术检测mCD14的表达水平,分析CD14的表达水平与RA的关系。结果:RA患者血清中的sCD14与mCD14表达水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),RA活动期患者sCD14与mCD14表达水平亦均明显高于RA缓解期患者(P<0.01)。结论:sCD14与mCD14在RA外周血中表达水平异常增高,它们可能参与了RA的发病或病情进展。     

被动吸烟对儿童免疫功能及生长发育的影晌

目的　研究被动吸烟对儿童呼吸系统疾病、唾液中硫氰酸盐含量、非特异性免疫功能的影响。方法　选择条件和生源相近的四所日托幼儿园的 1 0 31名 4～ 6岁的儿童做为调查对象 ,采用自制的家庭成员问卷和儿童健康调查表 ,对其家庭成员吸烟情况及儿童健康状况进行了问卷调查 ,测量身高、体重 ,测定唾液中硫氰酸盐含量、唾液免疫球蛋白 (IgA、IgG、IgM)、唾液溶菌酶。结果　 (1 )幼儿被动吸烟量越大 ,唾液中硫氰酸盐含量越高 ,而唾液中溶菌酶含量越低 ,两项指标不同吸烟量各组两两之间均有显著性差异 (P均 <0 0 1 )。被动吸烟量与唾液硫氰酸盐含量呈正相关 ,被动吸烟量与溶菌酶含量呈负相关 ;(2 )幼儿被动吸烟量越大 ,唾液中IgG、IgA、IgM含量越低 ;(3)幼儿被动吸烟量与一年内呼吸系统疾病发病次数呈正相关 (r=0 1 9,P <0 0 1 ) ;(4)被动吸烟影响儿童身高、体重 ,年龄段较大者较年龄段较小者明显。结论　家庭成员吸烟导致儿童被动吸烟可对儿童健康造成危害 ,应动员全社会的力量 ,减少儿童在家庭和公共场所内受吸烟危害     

The Simultaneous Onset of Pancreatitis and Colitis as Immune-related Adverse Events in a Patient Receiving Nivolumab Treatment for Renal Cell Carcinoma

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which have anti-tumor effects, are currently approved for treatment of several kinds of advanced malignancies. However, with their increasing use, a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in administered patients have been reported. We herein report a rare case of the simultaneous onset of acute pancreatitis and colitis as irAEs during nivolumab treatment given to a patient with renal cell carcinoma, who then shown marked improvement with corticosteroid therapy.     

月见草花浸液对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨月见草花提取物对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法:ICR小鼠随机分组,给药8天后测定月见草花浸液对小鼠胸腺重量的影响。应用巨噬细胞吞噬功能测定和空斑形成试验,检测月见草花浸液对正常小鼠部分免疫功能的影响。结果:月见草花浸液可明显促进小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力,提高小鼠的抗体生成细胞数。结论:月见草花浸液对小鼠的免疫功能具有一定的免疫促进作用。     

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Blood Inflammation: The Prospective Markers on Mild Cognitive Impairment

Inflammation is known as an important mechanism of cognitive dysfunction. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are two blood inflammatory markers, which are related to many chronic diseases including cognitive impairment. It is recognized that dietary inflammatory index (DII), which is used to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of diet, may be related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SII, SIRI and DII, as well as the role of these inflammatory indexes on MCI in elderly people. A total of 1050 participants from Beijing were included. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation. Energy-adjusted DII scores were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood samples were tested for calculating SII and SIRI. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the correlation of indexes. After adjusting demographic characteristics, SII and SIRI in MCI individuals were higher than controls (p ≤ 0.001). DII, SII and SIRI had positive relationship with MoCA scores (p < 0.005). DII also correlated with SIRI in MCI (β = 0.11, p = 0.031). Higher DII and SIRI could definitely increase the risk of MCI, as well as DII and SII (p < 0.005). In conclusion, DII was positively correlated with blood inflammation. The elderly with higher level of DII and SIRI, or DII and SII could be considered as people with higher risk of developing MCI.     

Pan‐cancer analysis reveals sex‐specific signatures in the tumor microenvironment

The processes of cancer initiation, progression, and response to therapy are affected by the sex of cancer patients. Immunotherapy responses largely depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME), but how sex may shape some TME features, remains unknown. Here, we analyzed immune infiltration signatures across 19 cancer types from 1771 male and 1137 female patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas to evaluate how sex may affect the tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune scores, stromal scores, tumor purity, immune cells, immune checkpoint genes, and functional pathways in the TME. Pan‐cancer analyses showed higher TMB and tumor purity scores, as well as lower immune and stromal scores in male patients as compared to female patients. Lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous carcinoma, kidney papillary carcinoma, and head and neck squamous carcinoma showed the most significant sex biases in terms of infiltrating immune cells, immune checkpoint gene expression, and functional pathways. We further focused on lung adenocarcinoma samples in order to identify and validate sex‐specific immune cell biomarkers with prognostic potential. Overall, sex may affect the tumor microenvironment, and sex‐specific TME biomarkers may help tailor cancer immunotherapy in certain cancer types.     

中药栓剂联合益肾通络清抗汤治疗免疫性不育的临床疗效

目的 评价中药栓剂联合益肾通络清抗汤治疗免疫性不育的临床疗效及安全性。方法 将116例符合本研究纳入标准的患者随机分为观察组及对照组各58例。观察组采用中药栓剂联合益肾通络清抗汤治疗,对照组给予醋酸泼尼松片。两组均治疗12周,并于治疗结束后6个月随访。收集治疗前后入组患者的精液标本,比较两组患者的配偶受孕情况,精浆抗精子抗体（AsAb）转阴率,精子浓度、活动率、前向运动精子百分率、精子顶体酶活性和不良反应发生情况。结果 共有104例患者完成研究,其中观察组53例,对照组51例。治疗前,两组患者基线资料均衡。治疗后,观察组总有效率为92.45%（49/53）,高于对照组的76.47%（39/51）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组AsAb转阴率为62.26%（33/53）,高于对照组的49.02%（25/51）,但差异无统计学意义。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者的精子活动率、前向运动精子百分率及精子顶体酶活性均明显提高（P<0.05）,观察组的精子浓度明显提高（P<0.05）,而对照组精子浓度差异无统计学意义。与对照组治疗后比较,观察组患者的精子浓度、活动率、前向运动精子百分率及精子顶体酶活性改善程度优于对照组（P<0.05）。试验期间,观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 中药栓剂联合益肾通络清抗汤能够显著提高免疫性不育患者的AsAb转阴率,改善精液质量,有较好的临床疗效及安全性。     

Comparative study on the gastrointestinal- and immune- regulation functions of Hedysari Radix Paeparata Cum Melle and Astragali Radix Praeparata cum Melle in rats with spleen-qi deficiency,based on fuzzy matter-element analysis

ContextHedysari Radix Praeparata Cum Melle (HRPCM) and Astragali Radix Praeparata Cum Melle (ARPCM) are used interchangeably in clinics to treat spleen-qi deficiency (SQD) symptom mainly including gastrointestinal dysfunction and decreased immunity, which has unknown differences in efficacy.ObjectiveTo investigate the differences between HRPCM and ARPCM on intervening gastrointestinal- and immune-function with SQD syndrome.Materials and methodsAfter the SQD model was established, the Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 10): normal; model; Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi Pills; 18.9, 12.6 and 6.3 g/kg dose groups of HRPCM and ARPCM. Gastrointestinal function including d-xylose, gastrin, amylase vasoactive intestinal peptide, motilin, pepsin, H⁺/K⁺-ATPase, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and immune function including spleen and thymus index, blood routine, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgA, IgG and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were detected. Finally, the efficacy differences were analysed comprehensively by the fuzzy matter-element method.ResultsIn regulating immune, the doses differences in efficacy between HRPCM and ARPCM showed in the high-dose (18.9 g/kg), but there were no differences in the middle- and low- dose (12.6 and 6.3 g/kg); the efficacy differences were primarily reflected in levels of IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IgM in serum, and the mRNA expression of IL-6 and IFN-γ in the spleen. In regulating gastrointestinal, the efficacy differences were primarily reflected in the levels of D-xylose, MTL, and GAS in serum, and the mRNA and protein expression of SGLT1 and GLUT2 in jejunum and ileum.Discussion and conclusionsHRPCM is more effective than ARPCM on regulating gastrointestinal function and immune function with SQD syndrome. Therefore, we propose that HRPCM should be mainly used to treat SQD syndrome in the future.     

间充质干细胞治疗结核分枝杆菌感染的基础研究进展

间充质干细胞(MSCs)是一群具有高度自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的多能干细胞,已有多项研究证明其对结核分枝杆菌感染的治疗潜力。MSCs可通过抗菌肽与关键酶的分泌、细胞表面受体的表达,直接或间接地介导受宿主细胞由免疫抑制状态向激活状态转化,进而作为细胞治疗的一种手段,在足量抗菌药物覆盖的基础上,辅助杀灭以结核分枝杆菌为主的分枝杆菌感染,并抑制过度的炎症反应,减少不必要的组织损伤。本文就间充质干细胞治疗结核分枝杆菌感染的基础及临床前研究进展作一概述。