凋亡素原核表达载体的构建和表达

目的 构建凋亡素原核表达系统，以制备抗原物质凋亡素融合蛋白。方法 通过PCR方法，以pcDNA-VP3质粒为模板，扩增出凋亡素VP3基因。将其克隆到原核表达载体pET-DsbA的多克隆位点，构建成凋亡素的高效原核表达栽体pET-DsbA-VP3，将该质粒转化到大肠杆菌E．coliBL21(DE3)plysS中，以异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside，IPTG)对其进行诱导表达，聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析目的蛋白。结果 转化有凋亡素原核表达载体pET-DsbA-VP3的大肠杆菌E．coliBL21(DE3)plysS经IPTG诱导后，聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳出现38300的目的蛋白条带。结论 凋亡素原核表达栽体pET-DsbA-VP3能高效表达出凋亡素融合蛋白。     

体外胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1对人血管内皮细胞生长的抑制作用

目的 观察胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-1对人血管内皮细胞的影响及其对胰岛素样生长因子的调节作用。方法 MTT比色法观察IGFBP-1及与IGF-1预混后对脐静脉内皮细胞(ECV304细胞株)生长影响。结果 IGFBP-1对内皮细胞ECV304的生长具有抑制作用且与剂量成正比；预混后各组IGF-1促细胞生长作用明显被抑制。结论 IGFBP-1既可以直接也可以通过调节IGF-1抑制血管内皮细胞生长。     

The striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase gates long-term potentiation and fear memory in the lateral amygdala.

BACKGROUND: Formation of long-term memories is critically dependent on extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Activation of the ERK pathway by the sequential recruitment of mitogen-activated protein kinases is well understood. In contrast, the proteins that inactivate this pathway are not as well characterized. METHODS: Here we tested the hypothesis that the brain-specific striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP) plays a key role in neuroplasticity and fear memory formation by its ability to regulate ERK1/2 activation. RESULTS: STEP co-localizes with the ERKs within neurons of the lateral amygdala. A substrate-trapping STEP protein binds to the ERKs and prevents their nuclear translocation after glutamate stimulation in primary cell cultures. Administration of TAT-STEP into the lateral amygdala (LA) disrupts long-term potentiation (LTP) and selectively disrupts fear memory consolidation. Fear conditioning induces a biphasic activation of ERK1/2 in the LA with an initial activation within 5 minutes of training, a return to baseline levels by 15 minutes, and an increase again at 1 hour. In addition, fear conditioning results in the de novo translation of STEP. Inhibitors of ERK1/2 activation or of protein translation block the synthesis of STEP within the LA after fear conditioning. CONCLUSIONS: Together, these data imply a role for STEP in experience-dependent plasticity and suggest that STEP modulates the activation of ERK1/2 during amygdala-dependent memory formation. The regulation of emotional memory by modulating STEP activity may represent a target for the treatment of psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic, and anxiety disorders.     

蛋白激酶C亚型在慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉中的表达

目的 研究慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压大鼠在肺动脉高压形成过程中肺动脉蛋白激酶C(PKC)亚型的表达.方法 建立野百合碱诱导的慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压大鼠模型,应用Western blot技术检测肺动脉高压形成过程中大鼠肺动脉四种PKC亚型(PKCα、PKCβⅡ、PKCδ和PKCε)的表达变化.结果 PKCα、PKCβⅡ和PKCδ亚型在正常和肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉中均有表达,而PKCε亚型未检测到.在肺动脉高压形成过程中,大鼠肺动脉胞浆和胞膜组分表达的PKCα均逐渐上升,到第14天达到高峰后略有下降,且胞膜表达量的升高远比胞浆明显.胞浆PKCβⅡ和PKCδ表达量均在第8天达最高,而胞膜中二者均表现出持续升高的趋势.结论 PKCα、PKCβⅡ和PKCδ亚型可能参与了慢性"炎症性"肺动脉高压的形成,其表达变化可能与其转位有关.     

Co-segregation of the PROS1 locus and protein S deficiency in families having no detectable mutations in PROS1.

Inherited deficiency of protein S constitutes an important risk factor of venous thrombosis. Many reports have demonstrated that causative mutations in the protein S gene are found only in approximately 50% of the cases with protein S deficiency. It is uncertain whether the protein S gene is causative in all cases of protein S deficiency or if other genes are involved in cases where no mutation is identified. The aim of the current study was to determine whether haplotypes of the protein S gene cosegregate with the disease phenotype in cases where no mutations have been found. Eight protein S-deficient families comprising 115 individuals where previous DNA sequencing had failed to detect any causative mutations were analyzed using four microsatellite markers in the protein S gene region. Co-segregation between microsatellite haplotypes and protein S deficiency was found in seven of the investigated families, one family being uninformative. This suggests that the causative genetic defects are located in or close to the protein S gene in a majority of such cases where no mutations have been found.     

Pharmacologic preconditioning effects: Prostaglandin E1 induces heat-shock proteins immediately after ischemia/reperfusion of the mouse liver

Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) has several potential therapeutic effects, including cytoprotection, vasodilation, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. This study investigates the protective action of PGE1 against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo using a complementary DNA microarray. PGE1 or saline was continuously administered intravenously to mice in which the left lobe of the liver was made ischemic for 30 minutes and then reperfused. Livers were harvested 0, 10, and 30 minutes postreperfusion. Messenger RNA was extracted, and the samples were labeled with two different fluorescent dyes and hybridized to the RIKEN set of 18,816 full-length enriched mouse complementary DNA microarrays. Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels at 180 minutes postreperfusion were significantly lower in the PGE1-treated group than in the saline-treated group. The cDNA microarray analysis revealed that the genes encoding heat-shock protein (HSP) 70, glucose-regulated protein 78, HSP86, and glutathione S-transferase were upregulated at the end of the ischemic period (0 minutes postreperfusion) in the PGE1 group. Our results suggested that PGE1 induces HSPs immediately after ischemia reperfusion. HSPs might therefore play an important role in the protective effects of PGE1 against ischemia/reperfusion injury of the liver.     

小肠吸收胆固醇的分子生物学研究进展

胆固醇通过分布于十二指肠和近段空肠黏膜上皮细胞刷状缘膜的Niemann—Pick C1样蛋白1摄取，ATP结合盒G5、G8抑制小肠对胆固醇的摄取过程。进入上皮细胞的胆固醇大多数被乙酰辅酶A，胆固醇转乙酰基酶2酯化，随后通过组装形成乳糜微粒，经淋巴管进入血循环；另一部分胆固醇则以未酯化形式直接进入血循环形成高密度脂蛋白颗粒。这些过程受核受体——肝脏X受体的调控。年龄、性别、黏膜屏障和小肠传输速度也影响胆固醇的吸收。     

穹窿体与肿瘤多药耐药

穹窿体是真核细胞中的核糖核蛋白颗粒,由肺耐药蛋白、穹窿体多聚腺苷二磷酸聚合酶、端粒酶相关蛋白和穹窿体RNA构成,其主要成分为肺耐药蛋白。肺耐药蛋白是介导肿瘤多药耐药的蛋白之一,可能与肿瘤的治疗效果和临床预后相关。穹窿体可能通过介导药物转运或者信号转导引起肿瘤的多药耐药。文章介绍了穹窿体的结构、成分及其介导多药耐药机制研究的新进展。     

心肌营养素1/破伤风毒素重链C端片段融合蛋白的构建及其靶向大鼠嗜铬细胞瘤细胞的研究

目的：探讨心肌营养素1（cardiotrophin 1，CT1）/破伤风毒素重链C端片段（tentanus toxin C fragment,TTC）（CT1/TTC）融合蛋白的构建及其对大鼠嗜铬细胞瘤（pheochromocytoma,PC12）细胞的靶向性。方法：采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）、T-A克隆等分子生物学方法构建CT1/TTC融合蛋白。体外培养PC12细胞,并将CT1/TTC融合蛋白与PC12细胞共培养,红色荧光免疫组化染色后在激光共聚焦显微镜下观察融合蛋白能否在TTC的靶向作用下进入PC12细胞。结果：成功构建了CT1/TTC融合蛋白,测序显示融合基因序列正确,免疫组化染色结果显示融合蛋白能够进入PC12细胞，并发出红色荧光。结论：采用PCR和T-A克隆等分子生物学方法能成功构建CT1/TTC融合蛋白．并且TTC能够将CT1靶向进入PC12细胞。     

A case of congenital supratentorial tumor: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor or primitive neuroectodermal tumor?

Two embryonal CNS tumors, atypical teratoid/rabdoid tumor (AT/RT) and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), may be confused with each other and misdiagnosed. Here we report an infant with a congenital supratentorial tumor, which was detected by fetal MRI at 37 weeks gestation. On routine histological examination, the tumor was composed mainly of small undifferentiated cells, among which many rhabdoid cells and occasional sickle‐shaped embracing cells were observed. No mesenchymal or epithelial areas were evident. Our impression was that the tumor was an atypical example of AT/RT. Immunohistochemically, almost all the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin. However, epithelial membrane antigen was notably negative, and most of the tumor cell nuclei were clearly positive for INI1. In addition, many tumor cells were positive for neurofilament protein. There were also occasional small areas containing many tumor cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Finally, a diagnosis of PNET, with a rhabdoid phenotype and expression of neuronal and glial markers, was made. In the present case, application of INI1 immunostaining was very helpful for distinguishing PNET from AT/RT.