裂解汽油加氢脱噻吩中二段反应器入口温度的影响

以工业生产的实际数据对实验关联的噻吩加氢脱硫表观反应动力学方程加以修正,得出反应动力学方程:r=6.935×1-0 12exp-45 054RTp1.H 42p0.T h83。研究了等温条件下温度对噻吩加氢的影响,并对二段反应器中实际温度的测定曲线进行了模拟比较。结果表明:温度是噻吩脱除反应的关键因素,入口温度应随着床层绝热温升的下降而逐步提高。     

溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制备聚合物固载Co-Ag催化剂Ⅱ.催化性质研究

用溶剂化金属原子浸渍技术制备了高分散树脂固载Co -Ag双金属催化剂。研究了这些催化剂在二丙酮醇加氢和用作燃料电池电极时的催化性质。与普通浸渍法制备的相同组成的催化剂相比 ,溶剂化金属原子浸渍催化剂显示出更高的活性。这是因为溶剂化金属原子浸渍催化剂具有更高的分散性和金属的还原度 (零价金属百分比 )。研究结果还表明随着金属含量的增加催化活性增大 ,在电催化反应中钴的加入增大了银的催化活性。     

The Hydrogenation Impact on Electronic Properties of p-Diamond/n-Si Heterojunctions

The undoped polycrystalline diamond films (PDFs) have been deposited on n-type silicon (Si) by Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HF CVD) technique. The reaction gases are a mixture of methane and hydrogen. The obtained PDFs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy which, in addition to the diamond phase, also confirms the presence of sp2 hybridized carbon bonds. As-grown CVD diamond layers are hydrogen terminated and show p-type conductivity. The effect of the level of hydrogenation on the electrical properties of p-diamond/n-Si heterojunctions has been investigated by temperature dependent current–voltage (J-V/T) characteristics. The obtained results suggest that the energy distribution of interface states at the grain boundary (GB) subjected to hydrogenation becomes shallower, and the hole capture cross-section can be reduced. Hydrogenation can lead to a significant reduction of the GB potential barrier. These results can be interesting from the point of view of hydrogen passivation of GBs in microelectronics.     

手性双膦配合物用于均相催化不对称氢化

手性双膦配体２,２’－双（二苯基膦基）－１,１’联萘与钌、铑离子形成的配合物可作为高效均相催化剂,用于烯烃和羰基的高对映造反性氢化,或烯烃的对映造反性异构化。本文对此领域的研究状况进行简介。     

Structure and Phase State of Ti49.4Ni50.6 (at%) Hydrogenated in Normal Saline

The paper analyzes the surface structure and phase state of Ti_49.4Ni_50.6 (at%) hydrogenated at 295 K in normal saline (0.9% NaCl aqueous solution with pH = 5.7) at 20 A/m² for 0.5–6 h. The analysis shows that the average hydrogen concentration in the alloy increases with the hydrogenation time t_H as follows: slowly to 50 ppm at t_H = 0.5–1.5 h, steeply to 150 ppm at t_H = 1.2–2 h, and linearly to 300 ppm at t_H = 2–6 h. According to Bragg–Brentano X-ray diffraction data (θ–2 θ, 2 θ ≤ 50°, CoKα radiation), the alloy in its scanned surface layer of thickness ~5.6 µm reveals a TiNiH_x phase with x = 0.64 and x = 0.54 after hydrogenation for 4 and 6 h, respectively. The structure of this phase is identifiable as an orthorhombic hydride similar to β₁–TiFeH_0.94 (space group Pmcm), rather than as a tetragonal TiNiH_x hydride with x = 0.30–1.0 (space group I4/mmm). Time curves are presented to trace the lattice parameters and volume change during the formation of such an orthorhombic phase from the initial cubic B2 phase in Ti_49.4Ni_50.6 (at%).     

Catalysts for the Conversion of CO2 to Low Molecular Weight Olefins—A Review

There is a large worldwide demand for light olefins (C₂⁼–C₄⁼), which are needed for the production of high value-added chemicals and plastics. Light olefins can be produced by petroleum processing, direct/indirect conversion of synthesis gas (CO + H₂) and hydrogenation of CO₂. Among these methods, catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂ is the most recently studied because it could contribute to alleviating CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere. However, due to thermodynamic reasons, the design of catalysts for the selective production of light olefins from CO₂ presents different challenges. In this regard, the recent progress in the synthesis of nanomaterials with well-controlled morphologies and active phase dispersion has opened new perspectives for the production of light olefins. In this review, recent advances in catalyst design are presented, with emphasis on catalysts operating through the modified Fischer–Tropsch pathway. The advantages and disadvantages of olefin production from CO₂ via CO or methanol-mediated reaction routes were analyzed, as well as the prospects for the design of a single catalyst for direct olefin production. Conclusions were drawn on the prospect of a new catalyst design for the production of light olefins from CO₂.     

The Impact of Hydrogenation on Structural and Superconducting Properties of FeTe0.65Se0.35 Single Crystals

Properties of FeTe_0.65Se_0.35 single crystals, with the onset of critical temperature (T_c^onset) at 15.5 K, were modified via hydrogenation performed for 10–90 h, at temperatures ranging from 20 to 250 °C. It was found that the tetragonal matrix became unstable and crystal symmetry lowered for the samples hydrogenated already at 200 °C. However, matrix symmetry was not changed and the crystal was not destroyed after hydrogenation at 250 °C. Bulk T_c^bulk, determined at the middle of the superconducting transition, which is equal to 12–13 K for the as grown FeTe_0.65Se_0.35, rose by more than 1 K after hydrogenation. The critical current density studied in magnetic field up to 70 kOe increased 4–30 times as a consequence of hydrogenation at 200 °C for 10 h. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements also showed higher values of T_c^bulk for hydrogenated crystals. Thermal diffusion of hydrogen into the crystals causes significant structural changes, leads to degeneration of crystal quality, and significantly alters superconducting properties. After hydrogenation, a strong correlation was noticed between the structural changes and changes in the parameters characterizing the superconducting state.     

亚胺培南的合成

目的：合成亚胺培南。方法以碳青霉烯双环母核为起始原料,磷酰化后直接与巯基乙胺盐酸盐反应,所得产物经偶联,氢化得亚胺培南。结果亚胺培南工艺总收率62%,纯度98.6%。结论本工艺操作简单,收率高,纯度好,适合工业化生产。     

催化加氢法制备扑热息痛

目的：研究进一步催化加氢法制备扑热息痛的工艺方法。方法：以对硝基酚和醋酐为原料,Ｐｄ－Ｃ或Ｐｔ－Ｃ作催化剂,加氢制备扑热息痛,优选反应条件。结果：以５％Ｐｔ－Ｃ或５％Ｐｔ－Ｃ作催化剂,于８５℃的温度下反应较为理想,收率可灰８２．３％。结论：相对于传统的二步法工艺,一步加氢法制备扑热息痛的方法操作简便,反应时间短,污染少,是制备扑热息痛的一条很好的途径。     

黄烷类化合物的催化氢化合成

以邻羟基苯甲醛和不同取代基的苯乙酮为原料先制得2-羟基查耳酮,再经催化氢化合成3个黄烷类化合物,原料易得,条件温和,收率39%～46%.