Sponge-like CoNi Catalysts Synthesized by Combustion of Reactive Solutions: Stability and Performance for CO2 Hydrogenation

Active and stable catalysts are essential for effective hydrogenation of gaseous CO₂ into valuable chemicals. This work focuses on the structural and catalytic features of single metals, i.e., Co and Ni, as well as bimetallic CoNi alloy catalysts synthesized via combustion of reactive sol-gels. Different characterization methods were used for studying the relationships between the structure, composition, and catalytic activity of the fabricated materials. All catalysts exhibited highly porous sponge-like microstructure. The outermost surfaces of the CoNi alloys were more saturated with Co, while a stoichiometric Co/Ni ratio was observed for the particle’s bulk. Catalytic properties of the as-synthesized powders were studied in the CO₂ hydrogenation reaction at 300 °C for over 80 h of time on stream. All the catalysts demonstrated exceptional selectivity with respect to CH₄ formation. However, the combination of elemental Co and Ni in a single phase resulted in a synergistic effect in bulk alloy catalysts, with activity twofold to threefold that of single-metal catalysts. The activity and stability of the CoNi₃ catalyst were higher than those previously reported for Ni-based catalysts. The reasons for this behavior are discussed.     

Studies of New Iridium Catalysts Supported on Modified Silicalite-1—Their Structure and Hydrogenating Properties

This paper investigates the catalytic properties of the iridium catalysts supported on modified silicalite-1. Post-synthesis modification of silicalite-1, with solutions of ammonium compounds (NH₄F and NH₄OH), appeared to be an efficient method to generate the acidic sites in starting support. The modification of support led not only to changes in its acidity but also its porosity—formation of additional micro- and mesopores. The novel materials were used as supports for iridium. The iridium catalysts (1 wt.% Ir) were characterized by N₂ adsorption/desorption measurements, temperature-programmed reduction with hydrogen (TPR-H₂), H₂ chemisorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (TPD-NH₃), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and tested in the hydrogenation of toluene reaction. The catalytic activity of iridium supported on silicalite-1 treated with NH₄OH (higher porosity of support, better dispersion of active phase) was much higher than that of Ir supported on unmodified and modified with NH₄F silicalite-1.     

Asymmetric [3H]‐labeling using ruthenium catalyzed transfer hydrogenation

The first general method for asymmetric tritiation using ruthenium catalyzed transfer hydrogenation and its application to the radiosynthesis of an exemplary prostaglandin EP4 receptor‐selective Prostaglandin E₂ analog is described. The methodology should be of general utility for the enantioselective preparation of α‐tritiated chiral secondary alcohols. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

N-叔丁氧羰基-DL-(±)-高酪氨酸的合成

目的 制备用于新型多肽类药物全合成研究的非必需氨基酸N-叔丁氧羰基-DL-（±）-高酪氨酸（1）.方法 以L-天冬氨酸（2）为原料,经N-甲氧羰基保护、分子内脱水酸酐化、与邻氯苯甲醚的Friedel-Crafts反应、10%钯碳催化氢化、48%氢溴酸脱N-甲氧羰基和酚甲醚保护、N-叔丁氧羰基保护6步反应合成了目标化合物.结果 以总收率49.7%成功地合成了目标化合物1,其结构经电喷雾质谱（ESI-MS）、氢谱（1H NMR）和碳谱（13C NMR）确认.结论 该合成路线具有原料价廉易得、操作简便、总收率高等优点.     

10,11-二氢-5H-二苯并[b,f]氮杂的合成

以邻硝基甲苯为起始原料 ,经缩合、加氢还原、磷酸成盐得 2 ,2′-二氨基联苄二磷酸盐 ,再经环合制得 10 ,11-二氢 - 5 H -二苯并 [b,f]氮杂。总收率 6 3.5 %。     

丁醛加氢制丁醇反应器的数学模拟

在对混合丁醛加氢制丁醇的反应体系进行热力学与动力学分析的基础上。采用一维拟均相数学模型对丁醛加氢制丁醇管壳式固定床反应器进行数学模拟设计。预测了反应温度、冷却介质温度、反应压力和反应空速对加氢反应结果的影响。结果表明：丁醛加氢制丁醇的数学模拟结果与生产数据吻合良好。     

硫酸沙丁胺醇的合成研究Ⅰ

以水杨醛与叔丁胺为起始原料，经缩合、酯化、Ｆｒｉｅｓ重排三步一锅反应制成２－氯－１－｛［（１，１－二甲基乙基）亚胺基甲基］－４－羟基苯基｝－乙基酮（４）．再经缩合、水解、成盐三步一锅反应转化成５－｛［（１，１－二甲基乙基）胺基］乙酰基｝－２－羟基苯甲醛盐酸盐（５），再经甲醇钠中和、催化转移氢化还原、成盐即得硫酸沙丁胺醇（１），总收率约５０％。     

三相淤浆鼓泡反应器中2-乙基蒽醌加氢的动力学

在温度60～70℃,氢气压力0.4MPa(绝压)、气体表观速度2.208～4.085 cm/s条件下,研究了文题的加氢反应和表观反应动力学。结果表明:对蒽醌浓度的反应级数为0.7级,表观反应活化能为38 494 J/mol。分析了气体表观速度对反应过程的影响,和在不同表观气速下气液传质系数和反应动力学参数间的关系。     

溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制备聚合物固载Co—Ag催化剂：Ⅲ.聚合？…

应用溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制血了四中不同比表面积树脂固载的Ｃｏ－Ａｇ双金属催化剂。射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和磁测定结果表明，随着树脂比表面积的增大，具有相同金属含量的催化剂Ｃｏ和Ａｇ的颗粒减小，分散度增大，因而催化剂在二丙酮醇加氢以及燃料电池电极上氧还原的催化活性增大。     

年青煤在石油重油中加氢液化的研究

在小型高压釜中试验了不同石油重油和催化剂对煤加氢液化的影响。结果表明,煤的转化率随石油重油中芳烃含量增加而提高,在试验条件下以红旗煤在羊三木减二线油中加氢的转化率为最高,达到60%,向石油重油添加四氢蔡或甲基萘油馏份对煤液化有利。不同的氧化铁型催化剂对煤在石油重油中加氢液化生成油都有一定的催化作用,其中以山东赤泥为最好,在试验条件下可使煤转化率增加7.4%,油与气产率增加22.4%,沥青烯产率下降15%,此外还考察了九种煤在石油重油中加氢液化的性能。