疏肝化淤颗粒治疗大鼠肝硬化的药效学

目的:观察疏肝化淤颗粒对大鼠实验性肝硬化的药效学作用.方法:用复合造模法制成大鼠实验性肝硬化模型,进行造模后两个月给药的实验,观察疏肝化淤颗粒对大鼠的血清转氨酶、血浆蛋白比例、肝脏羟脯酸含量等指标以及对病理组织学、电镜超微结构等形态学的影响,进行组间差异显著性比较.结果:实验给药组大鼠的多数血生化指标和肝组织指标都有明显的改善作用.结论:疏肝化淤颗粒对大鼠实验性肝硬化有确切的治疗作用.     

A case report of renal cell tumor in a 45-year-old female mimicking lower portion nephrogenesis

This report describes a renal tumor with an unusual histology In a 45-year-old woman. The tumor was white in color, different from usual renal cell carcinoma, and mainly consisted of variously shaped tubules formed by flat or cuboid cells within marked edematous stroma. Elaborated branching or tubules arranged In a papillary pattern with focal spindle-shaped cell proliferation were characteristic features. Immunohistochemical staining expressed diffusely positive for vlmentin and S-100 protein, partially positive for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen and negative for Leu-M1, Leu-7, CD34 and markers for muscle cells. Ultrastructural studies of the tumor cells showed adenocarcinoma-IIke characteristics. According to these histological, Immunohistochemlcal and electron microscopy findings, it is suggested that this tumor be designated as unclassified renal cell carcinoma with histology mimicking lower-nephron nephrogenesis.     

Myogenic changes of the levator ani muscle in premenopausal women: The impact of vaginal delivery and age

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of parity and age on histomorphology of the pelvic floor muscles in female cadavers of reproductive age and to find out whether there is evidence of myogenic or neurogenic muscle injury. In a cross-sectional study 45 premenopausal unfixed and fresh female cadavers were studied. Four groups were defined: nulliparous and parous women under the age of 40 and over 40 years of age. The pelvic floor was biopsied at six standardized locations. For evaluation of the quantitative parameters and fiber type identification, actomyosin ATPase at pH 9.4 was used. For histomorphological evaluation, sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin, van Gieson, and Gomori trichrome. The circumference of type I fibers is significantly larger in nulliparous women younger than 40 years compared to nulliparae older than 40 years. Comparing these groups, the form factor of type II fibers also increases significantly, presenting a more circular cell form. Compared to nulliparae, vaginal delivery led to a significant difference regarding the presence of centrally located nuclei, fibrosis, and variation in fiber diameter. In nulliparous women, these significant changes were also found with increasing age. In women with a history of vaginal delivery, no further increase in these characteristics could be detected with increasing age. Comparing the three different biopsy sites, all three changes were more pronounced in the ventral part. There was no evidence of grouped fiber atrophy, small angulated fibers, or type grouping in any of the biopsy specimens. Aging and vaginal childbirth lead to histomorphological changes of the pelvic floor muscle that are consistent with changes of myogenic origin. Evidence of neurogenic damage could not be demonstrated. Neurourol. Urodynam. 17:197–205, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

发育中的胎儿十二指肠中肥大细胞的研究

目的与方法　用HE染色和甲苯胺蓝特殊染色研究胎儿十二指肠壁肥大细胞 (MC)的分布、发育规律、异质性。结果　 16周时 ,在胎儿十二指肠粘膜下层、肌层间结缔组织中偶见结缔组织型(CTMC) ,而粘膜型肥大细胞 (MMC)出现在 18周。TB染色 ,幼稚的MC颗粒呈淡紫色 ;分化成熟的MC呈紫色。某些MC自 2 2周开始呈活化状态 ,MC表面界限不清 ,有脱颗粒现象。结论　胎儿十二指肠MC有MMC和CTMC ,两者存在异质性     

反义TGF-β1抑制兔耳增生性瘢痕的实验研究

目的：探讨反义TGF-β1脱氧寡核苷酸对增生性瘢痕动物模型伤口愈合中瘢痕生成的抑制作用，研究局部使用反义。TGF-β1的有效给药途径。方法：成年日本大耳白兔20只，建立兔耳腹侧面增生性瘢痕模型。采用组织形态学的方法对比研究反义TGF-β1在兔耳增生性瘢痕形成中的影响，并用原位杂交法技术检测兔耳增生块内TGF-β1 mRNA、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(colla-genⅠ)mRNA、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白(collagenⅢ)mRNA的表达水平。结果：兔左耳增生性瘢痕局部注射反义TGF-β1后，按时间段取材，HE和Masgon染色显示真皮层变薄，成纤维细胞数量明显减少，胶原排列趋于一致。增生块的相对增生高度低于对照组。原位杂交显示TGF-β1 mRNA、collagenⅠmRNA、collagenⅢ mRNA阳性细胞表达率明显降低。结论：反义TGF-β1能抑制兔耳增生性瘢痕的增殖过程，使瘢痕组织纤维化程度明显减轻。局部注射裸DNA治疗瘢痕的给药途径是可行的。     

番泻叶提取物对小鼠胃肠运动及其组织形态学的影响

目的:研究番泻叶提取物对 BALB/c 小鼠胃肠运动及组织形态学的影响,以建立动物模型,获取实验组小鼠的胃肠道组织,为从中分离出番泻叶在动物肠道中的作用蛋白及阐明番泻叶的作用机制奠定基础。方法:通过应用番泻叶提取物经不同途径给药致小鼠腹泻、胃肠推进运动试验和胃肠运动 X 线分析来观察其对小鼠胃肠运动的影响。光镜下观察连续、递增剂量灌胃小鼠3h,3、4、6和10周后胃、小肠和结肠组织学改变,透射电镜观察6周时其小肠和结肠组织细胞超微结构的改变。结果:0.3ml 番泻叶提取液灌胃后,小鼠均可在1～1.5h 出现腹泻,皮下注射0.8 ml 番泻叶提取物后观察8h 无腹泻。胃肠推进运动试验显示0.3 ml 提取液灌胃能显著增加小鼠的胃肠运动(P<0.05),胃肠运动 X 线分析显示灌胃0.4 ml 提取液可明显缩短钡剂在胃肠道内的传递时间。光镜下见灌胃小鼠各时期胃肠道粘膜无明显改变。透射电镜观察6周时小肠粘膜上皮细胞散在变性坏死,固有层内巨噬细胞增多,内含较多吞噬颗粒。结肠上皮较多变性坏死细胞,平滑肌细胞变性。结论:番泻叶提取物主要经消化道进入后起作用,作用于胃肠道组织,促进胃肠运动增强,分泌增加。长期灌胃番泻叶提取物可引起小肠和结肠粘膜上皮的损害。     

补骨合剂促进口腔种植体骨性结合的组织形态学研究

目的 :通过观察补骨合剂对口腔骨内种植体骨性结合的组织形态学指标的影响 ,探讨补骨合剂促进骨性结合的作用机理。方法 :成年杂种犬20只 ,拔除左侧下颌第二、三、四前磨牙 ,3个月后植入CDIC种植体3枚,随机分为实验组与对照组。实验组每日予补骨合剂1ml/kg灌胃 ,分别于术后1、2、4、8、12周取出标本行组织形态计量学分析 ,观察种植体 -骨界面骨性结合情况。结果:实验组第1周成骨细胞指数和骨矿化沉积速率显著高于对照组(P<0.01) ;第2、12周实验组骨融合指数比对照组显著提高(P<0.05) ;第2周实验组骨缺损面积显著减少(P<0.05)。结论 :补骨合剂可以促进口腔骨内种植体骨性结合,①可增加早期成骨细胞的数量与活性 ,促进骨基质的合成 ;②提高早期骨矿化沉积速率 ,促进钙磷酸盐的沉积     

甲状旁腺素1-34对骨质疏松大鼠治疗作用的实验研究

目的探讨甲状旁腺素134(hPTH134)对骨质疏松的治疗作用以及与血钙、磷、维生素D代谢和生长因子的关系。方法用摘除大鼠双侧卵巢的方式制备骨质疏松模型(OVX),实验动物分为4个组:模型对照组(OVX组,摘除大鼠双侧卵巢不作任何处理);hPTH134治疗组(PTH组,摘除大鼠双侧卵巢12w后用hPTH134治疗8w);盐酸雷洛昔芬治疗组(摘除大鼠双侧卵巢12w后用雷洛昔芬治疗8w);假手术组(Sham组,仅切除卵巢周围的脂肪组织约3g,术后12w纳入实验)。应用HOLOGIC第4代双能X线4500W骨密度仪测大鼠腰椎、股骨上段骨密度值(BMD);以骨形态计量学测股骨骨小梁面积、矿化沉积率;用ELISA法测定血清IGF1水平和血清25OHVitD浓度以及血淋巴细胞VitD受体(VDR)含量。结果hPTH134治疗组、盐酸雷洛昔芬治疗组均较OVX组腰椎、股骨上段骨密度增高,组间比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。hPTH134治疗组较盐酸雷洛昔芬治疗组股骨上段骨密度增高,两组之间差异有显著性(P<0.01)。hPTH134治疗组骨小梁面积明显增加、矿化沉积率增高。hPTH134治疗组、盐酸雷洛昔芬治疗组血清IGF1浓度值、血清25OHVitD浓度值升高,与OVX组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。各组血淋巴细胞VDR含量无明显变化,与OVX组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论hPTH134能够预防腰椎、股骨上段骨密度丢失,使骨小梁面积明显增加、矿化沉积率增高并且血清IGF1及血清25OHVitD浓度值升高,但对VDR含量无明显作用。