几种方法确定三九感冒灵中药提取浸膏醇沉液中乙醇含量的比较

目的对几种方法得到的醇沉液乙醇浓度进行比较。方法以三九感冒灵中药提取浸膏（60℃,相对密度1.2284）为研究对象,浸膏加不同比例量的乙醇进行醇沉,分别按照体积比、重量比计算醇沉液中乙醇的浓度,并用酒精计直接测定估算醇沉浓度,另用蒸馏法测定醇沉液中乙醇的浓度,比较其结果。结果 4种方法确定的醇沉液中乙醇浓度存在一定差异。结论如何选择合适的方法确定醇沉液中乙醇的浓度,值得我们做进一步的研究。     

中药镇痛实验的研究进展

随着科技的进步,人们在分子和细胞水平、神经递质等多方面,对疼痛病理的认识不断深入,中药镇痛研究取得了新的进展,并以动物疼痛模型为基础筛选和研究了中药镇痛活性成分及其作用机制,为新型镇痛药的创制开发提供了科学依据。本文总结了中药镇痛实验研究中常见的动物疼痛模型,着重探讨了镇痛机制相关物质及其测定,以期为今后中药镇痛研究提供参考。     

中药面膜联合煎剂内服治疗寻常性痤疮72例疗效观察

目的观察中药面膜联合煎剂内服治疗寻常性痤疮临床疗效。方法将137例痤疮患者随机分为72例中药治疗组和65例西药对照组,中药治疗组采用内服中药痤疮煎剂联合中药面膜外用治疗;西药对照组采用口服美满霉素片0.1g,1日2次,维生素B620mg,1日2次,外涂0.1%维A酸霜。结果中药治疗组有效率86.11%,西药治疗组有效率为66.15%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论中药面膜联合煎剂内服治疗寻常性痤疮,有疗效短、见效快、无副作用、治愈率高且不易复发等优点,疗效明显优于西药对照组,值得临床推广应用。     

A double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study of sublingual feverfew and ginger (LipiGesic™ M) in the treatment of migraine

(Headache 2011;51:1078‐1086) Background.— Therapeutic needs of migraineurs vary considerably from patient to patient and even attack to attack. Some attacks require high‐end therapy, while other attacks have treatment needs that are less immediate. While triptans are considered the “gold standard” of migraine therapy, they do have limitations and many patients are seeking other therapeutic alternatives. In 2005, an open‐label study of feverfew/ginger suggested efficacy for attacks of migraine treated early during the mild headache phase of the attack. Methods/Materials.— In this multi‐center pilot study, 60 patients treated 221 attacks of migraine with sublingual feverfew/ginger or placebo. All subjects met International Headache Society criteria for migraine with or without aura, experiencing 2‐6 attacks of migraine per month within the previous 3 months. Subjects had <15 headache days per month and were not experiencing medication overuse headache. Inclusion required that subjects were able to identify a period of mild headache in at least 75% of attacks. Subjects were required to be able to distinguish migraine from non‐migraine headache. Subjects were randomized 3:1 to receive either sublingual feverfew/ginger or a matching placebo and were instructed but not required to treat with study medication at the earliest recognition of migraine. Results.— Sixty subjects treated 208 evaluable attacks of migraine over a 1‐month period; 45 subjects treated 163 attacks with sublingual feverfew/ginger and 15 subjects treated 58 attacks with a sublingual placebo preparation. Evaluable diaries were completed for 151 attacks of migraine in the population using feverfew/ginger and 57 attacks for those attacks treated with placebo. At 2 hours, 32% of subjects receiving active medication and 16% of subjects receiving placebo were pain‐free (P = .02). At 2 hours, 63% of subjects receiving feverfew/ginger found pain relief (pain‐free or mild headache) vs 39% for placebo (P = .002). Pain level differences on a 4‐point pain scale for those receiving feverfew/ginger vs placebo were ?0.24 vs ?0.04 respectively (P = .006). Feverfew/ginger was generally well tolerated with oral numbness and nausea being the most frequently occurring adverse event. Conclusion.— Sublingual feverfew/ginger appears safe and effective as a first‐line abortive treatment for a population of migraineurs who frequently experience mild headache prior to the onset of moderate to severe headache.     

Transmitted deletions of medial 5p and learning difficulties; Does the cadherin cluster only become penetrant when flanking genes are deleted?

The central portion of the short arm of chromosome 5 is unusual in that large, cytogenetically visible interstitial deletions segregate in families with and without phenotypic consequences. Here we present a family in which a transmitted interstitial deletion of 5p13.3 to 5p14.3 co-segregated with learning and/or behavioral difficulties in six family members. Facial dysmorphism was not striking but a father and daughter both had lacrimal fistulae. The deletion was 12.23 Mb in size (chr5:20,352,535-32,825,775) and contained fifteen known protein coding genes. Five of these (GOLPH3; MTMR12; ZFR; SUB1; and NPR3) and an ultra-conserved microRNA (hsa-miR-579) were present in an 883 kb candidate gene region in 5p13.3 that was deleted in the present family but not in previously reported overlapping benign deletions. Members of the cadherin precursor gene cluster, with brain specific expression, were deleted in both affected and benign deletion families. The candidate genes in 5p13.3 may be sufficient to account for the consistent presence or absence of phenotype in medial 5p deletions. However, we consider the possibility of position effects in which CDH6, and/or other cadherin genes, become penetrant when adjacent genes, or modifiers of gene expression, are also deleted. This could account for the absence of intellectual disability in benign deletions of the cadherin cluster, the cognitive phenotype in medial 5p deletion syndrome and the greater severity of intellectual disability in patients with cri-du-chat syndrome and deletions of 5p15 that extend into the region deleted in the present family.     

Microduplication of 4p16.3 due to an unbalanced translocation resulting in a mild phenotype

With the widespread clinical use of comparative genomic hybridization chromosomal microarray technology, several previously unidentified clinically significant submicroscopic chromosome abnormalities have been discovered. Specifically, there have been reports of clinically significant microduplications found in regions of known microdeletion syndromes. In general, these microduplications have distinct features from those described in the corresponding microdeletion syndromes. We present a 5½‐year‐old patient with normal growth, borderline normal IQ, borderline hypertelorism, and speech and language delay who was found to have a submicroscopic 2.3 Mb terminal duplication involving the two proposed Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) critical regions at chromosome 4p16.3. This duplication was the result of a maternally inherited reciprocal translocation involving the breakpoints 4p16.3 and 17q25.3. Our patient's features are distinct from those described in WHS and are not as severe as those described in partial trisomy 4p. There are two other patients in the medical literature with 4p16.3 microduplications of similar size also involving the WHS critical regions. Our patient shows clinical overlap with these two patients, although overall her features are milder than what has been previously described. Our patient's features expand the knowledge of the clinical phenotype of a 4p16.3 microduplication and highlight the need for further information about it. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Successful treatment of restless leg syndrome with the traditional herbal medicines Dangguijakyak-san and Shihogyeji-tang: A case report (CARE-compliant)

Rationale:Dopamine replacement is currently the standard treatment for restless leg syndrome (RLS); however, various adverse effects are associated with long-term therapy, and the benefits disappear upon discontinuation. To overcome these limitations, interest in traditional East Asian medicine has increased.Patient concerns:A 72-year-old Asian woman originally admitted for an intracerebral hemorrhage presented with complaints of an unpleasant sensation throughout the body that appeared at night.Diagnoses:The patient was diagnosed with chronic persistent RLS based on the 2012 Revised International Restless Leg Syndrome Study Group Diagnostic Criteria.Interventions:The patient was treated with extracts of the traditional herbal medicines Dangguijakyak-san (DS) and Shihogyeji-tang (ST). After 47 days of therapy, all herbal medicines were discontinued, and symptoms had not returned by the last follow-up 244 days after the initial treatment.Outcomes:One week after initiating herbal treatment with DS and ST, the RLS symptoms began to improve, and the total hours of sleep had increased from 2 to 9 hours by day 21, with a Korean version of the international restless legs scale score of 11 points. On day 36, ST was discontinued, given the continued improvement of symptoms. On day 47, symptoms had disappeared (Korean version of the international restless legs scale score: 0), and sleep disturbances caused by RLS had completely resolved. After day 47, DS was also discontinued. There were no adverse effects associated with the administration of DS and ST, and the symptoms had not recurred by the last follow-up on day 244.Lessons:In this case, RLS related symptoms, which had been present for approximately 60 years, were improved using only the traditional herbal medicines DS and ST (without dopamine replacement), and no symptoms recurred for 244 days. This case suggests that if replacement therapy is difficult or not desired, herbal medicinal therapies may be an effective alternative. This also suggests that the effect of herbal medicine on RLS might be semi-permanent. Further investigations, including clinical trials, are needed to confirm these effects.     

Oral ginseng formulae for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review

Ginseng alone or combined with other herbs has been increasingly used for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral Ginseng formulae for stable COPD. Four English databases and three Chinese databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials. Methodological quality was assessed by Cochrane risk of bias and Jadad's scale. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.0. Twelve studies overall of low quality, involving 1560 participants were included. Results of three studies showed a mean difference (MD) of 0.30 (95%CI 0.02 to 0.58) for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) improvement of Ginseng formulae versus placebo control. Findings of three studies revealed an MD of 9.43 (95%CI 3.64 to 15.21) of FEV(1) % predicted between Ginseng formulae and placebo control. Quality of life (Qol) measured by St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire was improved (MD -10.32, 95%CI -14.99 to -5.65) with Ginseng formulae plus pharmacotherapy versus pharmacotherapy alone in one study. There were no severe adverse events reported. Ginseng formulae for stable COPD patients show promising evidence of lung functions and Qol improvement. However, the degree of benefit is uncertain due to potential risk of bias of the included studies.     

骨科弹道式冲击波配合中药熏洗治疗软组织劳损

背景：目前采用骨科弹道式冲击波治疗软组织劳损较为普遍,但与中药熏洗配合治疗的报道甚少。 目的：观察骨科弹道式冲击波配合中药熏洗治疗软组织劳损的临床疗效。 方法：将912例软组织劳损患者采用骨科弹道式冲击波配合中药熏洗治疗。采用目测类比定级法评定患者痛点受压时的疼痛强度。 结果与结论：经骨科弹道式冲击波配合中药熏洗治疗1周后,患者疼痛下降明显,第2周时测类比定级法评分变化不明显。2周以后,患者疼痛强度与治疗前比较明显下降(P < 0.05)。跟痛症与网球肘、屈指肌腱腱鞘炎比较,患者疼痛强度下降缓慢(P < 0.05)。结果证实,骨科弹道式冲击波配合中药熏洗治疗软组织劳损疗效显著。