Reliability of the Dominic-R: A Young Child Mental Health Questionnaire Combining Visual and Auditory Stimuli

Reliability of the Dominic-R, a. questionnaire combining visual and auditory stimuli, was tested in 340 community children aged 6 to 11 years. Test-retest reliability of symptoms of, and of symptom scores of, DSM-III-R disorders including simple phobias, separation anxiety disorder, overanxious disorder, depression/dysthymia, attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder was assessed. Most symptoms yielded kappas greater than .40, and ICCs ranged from .74 to .81. In conclusion, reliability of the Dominic-R compares favourably with that of other child assessment questionnaires.     

Otorhinolaryngological training in Europe—a comparative study

Postgraduate training in the United Kingdom is undergoing radical changes following the `Calman Report'. Commissioned in response to a European Union (EU) Directive, this contained recommendations to allow reciprocal recognition of all EU trained specialists. We present the findings of a postal questionnaire sent to representatives of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies and the otolaryngology professors of the UK and Ireland with a response rate of 62.7%. Aspects assessed included clinical and surgical experience, examinations, teaching, research, length, regulation and perception of training. The programmes share similar teaching and research experience but substantial differences exist in most other areas. The accredited UK trainee has a much wider clinical and surgical repertoire than those from the Continent. Greek trainees were trained to the lowest minimum standard. The requirements of a training system are largely determined by the level of clinical experience and surgical skill required by an independent specialist in a given country.     

Chronic illness in adolescents: Transfer or transition to adult services?

It is widely believed that the improved survival of young people with chronic diseases will be associated with the development of appropriate services within the adult healthcare domain. There is, however, little evidence to suggest that this is happening at a rate commensurate with clinical requirements. This paper highlights the multiplicity of barriers that impede the development of transition services to facilitate the transfer of medical care from the paediatric to the adult domain. Different models of transition care are described, and the terms 'transfer' and 'transition' are differentiated. The clinical demand for service development is highlighted, as well as the need for specific research in this area of healthcare delivery.     

All change: cancer services in transition

The policy and health service background to this discussion are the radical changes in cancer services currently underway in the wake of the Calman-Hine Report and the wider changes ushered in by the NHS and Community Care Act 1990 (UK). Using the changing face of hospice care as the focus, the authors explore some of the potential issues and dilemmas involved in providing supportive care for cancer patients and their families. Three 'themes', or areas of concern, are highlighted: links between services, changing organizational factors, and increasing 'medical imperialism'. Potential benefits and drawbacks of the changing ethos and organizational structures are discussed. Interview data are used as 'triggers' for the presentation of the authors' own reflections on developments in the hospice and cancer services' arenas. The paper draws on interview data collected in the pilot phase of a 3-year study on the psycho-social needs of cancer patients and their informal carers in north-west England. Twenty-nine interviews were conducted with a range of professionals involved in the provision of cancer services in Lancaster and Kendal. In the spirit of 'gathering thoughts' and facilitating debate, a commentary on developments in the hospice sector is offered rather than any firm conclusion.     

黑龙江省医疗机构突发事件监测能力的影响因素分析

采用定性与定量相结合的方法对黑龙江省部分医疗机构突发公共卫生事件监测情况调查研究.结果显示:现阶段影响医院应急预警信息收集与上报能力的主要因素为:人员、资金、政策支持、培训演练;其中影响人员信息收集与上报能力的因素为:预案知晓情况、传染病的知晓情况、传染病报告时限的了解情况、医院类别.     

天津市和平区2000～2004年食品卫生投诉案件分析

目的 了解本地区食品卫生存在的问题及变化趋势，为卫生监督管理提供依据。方法对天津市和平区2000～2004年1058件食品卫生投诉案件进行分析。结果投诉案件逐年递增，内容集中在无卫生许可证(以下简称无证)经营、食品中异物、环境卫生、食品变质(异味)几种情况。此外，保健品、饮品、食品超市、学生用餐方面的食品卫生问题，已成为广大群众关注的新焦点。结论群众对食品卫生的投诉，反映了当前存在的问题，提示卫生管理部门今后须加强相应的管理。     

公立医疗机构补偿机制改革的思考

该文以当前卫生改革的热点为题,通过深入分析公立医院补偿机制的4方面问题,提出了相应的改革思路。     

试论健康价值观

健康是人类最宝贵的财富。健康价值观是指个体对健康各方面(包括生理功能、心理功能和社会功能等)的价值进行评价的稳定的内部标准和主观看法。健康价值观及其对它的测评研究有着不断完善和进取的发展过程,其结构也有着不同的划分。健康价值观受父母教养方式、文化环境、社会科技的进步、受教育程度及重大生活事件等因素的影响。对健康价值观的研究在理论上和实践应用中都有着重要的意义。