早产儿静脉补钙的护理体会

目的:探讨早产儿静脉补钙的护理。方法:回顾性分析总结38例早产儿静脉补钙的临床观察和护理体会。结果:38例早产儿静脉补钙均未发生皮下组织的坏死与钙化灶。结论:高度认真负责,细心观察和护理,早预防,早发现,早期干预,及时有效处理,是避免钙剂外渗,促进好转的关键。     

国产唑来膦酸治疗肿瘤高钙血症多中心Ⅱ期临床观察

Objective： To evaluate the effect and safety of clinical use of zoledronic acid in the treatment of malignant hypercalcemia. Methods： A multi-center, open phase II clinical trial was conducted in 15 cases with malignant hypercalcemia who received zoledronic acid intravenously for 15 min. The level of blood calcium and side effects were recorded regularly within 28 days after injection. Results： One case was dropped out due to bad compliance. The complete response rate （the corrected serum calcium was reduced to normal level） was 100.00% （14/14）. The medium time of complete response rate was 5.07 days. The medium maintain time was 22.30 days. Slight, or moderate fever was observed. Conclusion： Zoledronic acid can effectively reduce the malignant hypercalcemia. The use of zoledronic acid appears to be safety and convenient.     

克氏螫虾与中国对虾微量元素与氨基酸含量的比较

对克氏螯虾和中国对虾的不同部位所含游离氨基酸和重要微量元素进行了比较。结果表明,克氏螯虾某些部位中游离氨基酸和微量元素的含量高于中国对虾。提示克氏螯虾可能具有与中国对虾相似的药用价值。     

Blood pressure lowering effect of the aqueous extract of the stem of Ipomoea acanthocarpa (convolvulaceae) in spontaneously and salt-loaded hypertensive rats

Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and salt-loaded hypertensive rats (SLHR) were submitted to a daily treatment by gavage of 2 mL/100 g body weight of the aqueous extract of the stem of Ipomoea acanthocarpa (30 mg/mL stock solution). A fall in blood pressure of nearly 13% was observed after two successive administrations of the aqueous extract. After 14 days of treatment, the blood pressure fell by more than 30±8%. The hypotensive effect might be due to a direct vascular smooth muscle effect or to its already observed high diuretic effects or might be acting by some other mechanism.     

Antihepatotoxic Effects of chlorogenic acid from Anthocephalus cadamba

In the present study, chlorogenic acid (CGA) isolated from Anthocephalus cadamba was screened for hepatoprotective activity by in vitro and in vivo assay methods using carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) as a model of liver injury. Intraperitoneal administration of CGA to mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight for 8 days caused significant reversal in lipid peroxidation, enzymatic leakage, cytochrome P450 (Cyt P450) inactivation and produced enhancement of cellular antioxidant defence in CCl₄-intoxicated mice, revealing that the antioxidative action of CGA is responsible for its liver protective activity. CGA exhibited a better therapeutic protective action than silymarin (SM), in CCl₄-administered mice.     

Effects of baclofen and phaclofen on receptive field properties of rat whisker barrel neurons

Extracellular single-unit recordings were made in somatosensory cortical barrels of fentanyl-sedated rats. Whiskers were deflected singly or in paired combinations. lontophoretically-applied (−)-baclofen disproportionately reduced weak responses, and phaclofen disproportionately increased them, resulting in more tightly focused or more broadly focused receptive fields, respectively. Both drugs had only minor effects on surround inhibition. In light of previous findings, we conclude that GABA_A and GABA_B mechanisms both act to enhance spatial contrast, but that the former plays a much greater role in enhancing temporal resolution.     

Development of neurochemical separation of ON and OFF channels at retinal ganglion cells

Anatomical and physiological segregation of neurons into ON (brightening detector) and OFF (darkening detector) channels in the retina and subsequent visual system ensure the high sensitivity required for contrast detection and spatial discrimination. This segregation is finest at the visual axis. Neurochemically, ON and OFF ganglion cells at the visual axis seem to be distinguished by different inhibitory transmitters but not excitatory transmitters. Microiontophoretic studies of inhibitory transmitters on the retinal ganglion cells in kittens and adult cats suggest that this neurochemical distinction is poor in immature ganglion cells at the visual axis. Initially both ON and OFF cells seem to be supplied by GABAergic, glycinergic, and catecholaminergic amacrine cells, but in adults, ON cells remain supplied only by GABAergic amacrines, while OFF cells are supplied by glycinergic amacrines. Postnatal elimination of multiple inputs and strengthening of the appropriate inputs, as seen in the central nervous system, also seem to occur at the retinal neurotransmitter synapses during development.     

Synthesis and Antitumour Activity of New Derivatives of Flavone-8-acetic Acid (FAA). Part 2: Ring-Substituted Derivatives

A range of 18 derivatives of flavone-8-acetic acid (FAA) with substituents on the 2-phenyl group have been prepared and their anti-tumour activity evaluated in vitro against a panel of human and murine tumour cell lines and in vivo against MAC 15A. There was no clear-cut relationship between in vitro and in vivo activity but the activity in each situation was found to be very sensitive to the precise substitution pattern with closely related isomers giving widely different activities. Some of the compounds, notably 10b,cj , and r , were active in vivo and these require further studies in order to evaluate their potential for development.     

Synthesis and Structure Elucidation of 5-Aminomethinimino-3-methyl-4-isoxazolecarboxylic Acid Phenylamides and Their Immunological Activity

A series of 5-aminomethinimino-3-methyl-4-isoxazolecarboxylic acid phenylamides 4 has been prepared by condensation of 5-amino-3-methyl-4-isoxazolecarboxylic acid phenylamides 1 with trichloroacetic aldehyde. Alcoholysis of trichloro derivatives 2 gave 5-alkoxymethine derivatives 3 which, on reaction with an appropriate amine, formed the corresponding compounds 4 . The compounds obtained were evaluated for their immunological activity. The properties of three compounds, described in this report, permitted inhibition of the immune response in all possible ways: diminishing both types of immune response ( 4d ), humoral immune response ( 4a ), or cellular immune response ( 4c ). Preparation 4d is comparable in its effectiveness to CsA, so it may be potentially used as an agent for prolongation of the function of transplanted organs. Two other compounds may potentially be used in cases where only one type the immune response is required for combating pathogen invasion.