全文获取类型
收费全文 | 107354篇 |
免费 | 10884篇 |
国内免费 | 3345篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 749篇 |
儿科学 | 1698篇 |
妇产科学 | 1211篇 |
基础医学 | 20062篇 |
口腔科学 | 2851篇 |
临床医学 | 6713篇 |
内科学 | 16231篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1910篇 |
神经病学 | 11454篇 |
特种医学 | 2865篇 |
外国民族医学 | 27篇 |
外科学 | 8556篇 |
综合类 | 10605篇 |
现状与发展 | 14篇 |
预防医学 | 4373篇 |
眼科学 | 1093篇 |
药学 | 17098篇 |
34篇 | |
中国医学 | 4045篇 |
肿瘤学 | 9994篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 317篇 |
2023年 | 1949篇 |
2022年 | 4387篇 |
2021年 | 4965篇 |
2020年 | 4190篇 |
2019年 | 4435篇 |
2018年 | 4238篇 |
2017年 | 4197篇 |
2016年 | 3929篇 |
2015年 | 4453篇 |
2014年 | 6448篇 |
2013年 | 6684篇 |
2012年 | 5913篇 |
2011年 | 7039篇 |
2010年 | 5651篇 |
2009年 | 5682篇 |
2008年 | 5603篇 |
2007年 | 4768篇 |
2006年 | 4089篇 |
2005年 | 3776篇 |
2004年 | 3186篇 |
2003年 | 2831篇 |
2002年 | 2123篇 |
2001年 | 1795篇 |
2000年 | 1493篇 |
1999年 | 1411篇 |
1998年 | 1355篇 |
1997年 | 1317篇 |
1996年 | 1211篇 |
1995年 | 1107篇 |
1994年 | 1019篇 |
1993年 | 968篇 |
1992年 | 761篇 |
1991年 | 682篇 |
1990年 | 586篇 |
1989年 | 497篇 |
1988年 | 474篇 |
1987年 | 473篇 |
1986年 | 572篇 |
1985年 | 779篇 |
1984年 | 741篇 |
1983年 | 581篇 |
1982年 | 579篇 |
1981年 | 488篇 |
1980年 | 449篇 |
1979年 | 374篇 |
1978年 | 229篇 |
1977年 | 190篇 |
1976年 | 197篇 |
1975年 | 121篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
W. Feleszko J. Jaworska R-D. Rha S. Steinhausen A. Avagyan A. Jaudszus B. Ahrens D. A. Groneberg U. Wahn E. Hamelmann 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2007,37(4):498-505
BACKGROUND: Microbial intestinal colonization in early in life is regarded to play a major role for the maturation of the immune system. Application of non-pathogenic probiotic bacteria during early infancy might protect from allergic disorders but underlying mechanisms have not been analysed so far. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to investigate the immune effects of oral application of probiotic bacteria on allergen-induced sensitization and development of airway inflammation and airway hyper-reactivity, cardinal features of bronchial asthma. METHODS: Newborn Balb/c mice received orally 10(9) CFU every second day either Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or Bifidobacterium lactis (Bb-12) starting from birth for consecutive 8 weeks, during systemic sensitization (six intraperitoneal injections, days 29-40) and airway challenge (days 54-56) with ovalbumin. RESULTS: The administration of either Bb-12 or LGG suppressed all aspects of the asthmatic phenotype: airway reactivity, antigen-specific immunoglobulin E production and pulmonary eosinophilia (mean: 137 vs. 17 and 13 cellsx10(3)/mL, respectively). Antigen-specific recall proliferation by spleen cells and T-helper type 2 cytokine production (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) by mesenteric lymph node cells also showed significant reduction, while TGF production remained unchanged. Oral LGG administration particularly suppressed allergen-induced proliferative responses and was associated with an increase in numbers of TGF-beta-secreting CD4+/CD3+ T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (6.5, 16.7%) as well as nearly 2-fold up-regulation of Foxp3-expressing cells in peribronchial lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal application of probiotic bacteria inhibits subsequent allergic sensitization and airway disease in a murine model of asthma by induction of T regulatory cells associated with increased TGF-beta production. 相似文献
112.
113.
Zvi Bar-Shavit Ronald L. Horst Jean C. Chappel F. Patrick Ross Richard W. Gray Steven L. Teitelbaum M.D. 《Calcified tissue international》1986,39(5):328-333
Summary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is a potent inducer of monocytic differentiation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60. We have noted that
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) in high doses is also capable of promoting monocytic differentiation of this cell line. To test the possibility that the
latter activity is due to conversion of 25OHD3 to 1,25(OH)2D3 by HL-60, we exposed HL-60 cells to 25OHD3 and analyzed the products by HPLC and radioreceptor assay. When chromatographed in the traditional solvent system (isopropanol-hexane),
a new peak appears which migrates with authentic 1,25(OH)2D3. However, in a solvent system containing dichloromethane, 90% of the peak migrates with another metabolite, 19-Nor-10-Keto-25OHD3 (19-Nor-25OHD3). Production of this metabolite is enhanced by living cells and is synthesized by both virgin HL-60 and those which have
undergone differentiation. We next determined if authentic 19-Nor-25OHD3 also promotes differentiation of this cell. As assessed by appearance of the monocyte-specific surface antigen (63D3) and
macrophage-specific esterase activity, we find that this metabolite does, in fact, induce monocytic differentiation of HL-60
with a potency of approximately 1/200 that of 1,25(OH)2D3 and similar to that of 25OHD3. In agreement with the effect upon cell maturation, 19-Nor-25OHD3 displaces3H-1,25(OH)2D3 from its HL-60 receptor with an efficiency comparable to 25OHD3. Hence, HL-60 cells convert 25OHD3 to 19-Nor-25OHD3, and 19-Nor-25OHD3 induces monocytic differentiation of HL-60 with comparable efficiency to its precursor, 25OHD3. 相似文献
114.
本文报道2-氧化-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环己烷类衍生物的合成,希望寻找效果较好的可逆性胆碱酯酶抑制剂。初步药理实验证明,所合成的大部分化合物具有一定的抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的作用,且毒性较低。通过对中间体Ⅱ进行质谱分析,发现该类化合物中大部分存在M-57碎片离子峰,利用高分辨质谱和亚稳离子测定,确定了该碎片离子的生成过程。 相似文献
115.
介绍东芝DFP-2000A数字减影系统维修实例,并论述该机图像存储系统采用的RAID3等级的磁盘阵列。 相似文献
116.
3-氯-4-氟苯胺亚甲基丙二酸二乙酯在惰性高沸点溶剂中的环化反应 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
用 ~1HNMR 方法测定了3-氯-4-氟苯胺亚甲基丙二酸二乙酯在二苯醚或石蜡油中加热环化所得产物中2与3的比例,结果表明此比例随着溶剂的不同而稍有变化,并且副产物3的组份随着溶剂用量增大而减少。 相似文献
117.
The ionic mechanisms of the effect of extracellularly ejected recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) on the membrane of identified neurons R9 and R10 of Aplysia kurodai was investigated with conventional voltage-clamp, micropressure ejection, and ion substitution techniques. Micropressure-ejected rhTNF caused a marked hyperpolarization in the unclamped neuron. Clamping the same neuron at it resting potential level (-60 mV) and reejecting rhTNF-alpha with the same dose produced a slow outward current [Io (TNF)] associated with a decrease in input membrane conductance. Io (TNF) was decreased by depolarization and increased by hyperpolarization. The extrapolated reversal potential of Io (TNF) was approximately +10 mV. Ion substitution and pharmacological experiments suggest that Io (TNF) in identified neurons R9 and R10 of A. kurodai is due to a decreased Na+ conductance but not due to an activation of the Na(+)-K+ pump. Our results demonstrate that the immunomodulator TNF can act directly on the nervous system as well as on the immune system. 相似文献
118.
Rabbits treated with benzo(a)pyrene developed cardiac arrhythmias when exposed by inhalation to 8100 ppm trichloroethylene or 15000 ppm halothane to a greater extent and at lower doses of epinephrine challenge than did controls. Benzo(a)pyrene and 3-methylcholanthrene both increased the metabolism of trichloroethylene, but 3-methylcholanthrene did not increase its cardiotoxic effect. The basis of the arrythmogenic action of benzo(a)pyrene appears to be unrelated to its ability to induce xenobiotic metabolism. 相似文献
119.
For centuries snake venoms have been known to interfere with haemostasis and this is now known basically due either to toxins activating/inhibiting clotting factors, having effects on blood vessels or interfering with platelet function. In this short review, the interaction of one major group of toxins, the snake venom metalloproteinases, with platelets is considered. This is relevant for understanding the mechanism of haemorrhage induced by these toxins. 相似文献
120.
目的探讨3H-TdR掺入法在进行SMMC-7721系细胞肿瘤药敏试验实验时的最佳实验条件.方法确定出3H-TdR掺入法药敏实验时的最适细胞浓度、最适实验药物浓度、3H-TdR掺入最适时间;在最适条件下采用3H-TdR掺入法测定肝癌SMMC-7721细胞株对临床常用的9种抗癌药物的敏感性.结果应用3H-TdR掺入法检测肝癌SMMC-7721细胞株药敏试验的最适实验细胞浓度为1×104个/孔,最适试验药物浓度为1×PPC,3H-TdR最适掺入时间为收集细胞前8 h;肝癌SMMC-7721细胞株对DDP、ADM、5-FU、CPT高度敏感,对MTX、VP-16、MMC、NVB低度敏感,对PYM不敏感.结论 3H-TdR掺入法可用于肿瘤药物敏感性测定并确定出它的最适实验条件. 相似文献