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71.
性传播疾病危险人群乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒感染的血清流行病学调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对431名卖淫妇女和109名正常妇女HBV和HCV感染的血清学指标的检测、性传播有关因素的调查,发现卖淫妇女HBV和HCV感染中的抗-Hkc为43.15%,抗-HBs为36.89%,HBsAg为10.44%,抗-HCV为9.51%,明显高于正常妇女;有性传播疾病者HBV和HCV的各项感染指标也明显高于正常妇女。卖淫妇女的抗-HCV感染率有随年龄增长而增高的趋势,与卖淫时限长、卖淫次数多有明显差别,这表明卖淫妇女中有较严重的HBV和HCV感染。 相似文献
72.
Pyogenic infections of the central nervous system of dental origin are quite uncommon in industrialized countries. We report
six cases with intracerebral (n=4) and intraspinal (n=2) infections treated in our hospital. The microbial pathogen was successfully isolated in all patients. Fusobacterium nucleatum as well as Streptococcus species were found in three cases. Bacillus species were identified in two patients. Actinomyces was the etiologic agent in one case. All patients suffered from dental pathologies, so that after clinical and radiological
exclusion of other sources an oral focus was presumed. Therapeutic management consisted of an operative procedure in order
to obtain decompression, as well as evacuation of the pus on the one hand, followed by targeted antibiotics on the other.
Clinical improvement was achieved in all patients, with one patient lost to follow-up. On magnetic resonance tomography, the
inflammatory changes also disappeared in all cases. We recommend that oral infection with recurrent bacteraemia should always
be considered in the pathogenesis of the so-called “cryptic” intracerebral and intraspinal infections. 相似文献
73.
Antonio Z Gimeno‐García Adolfo Parra‐Blanco David Nicols‐Prez Cipriano Manzano‐Sanz Rafael Mndez‐Medina Enrique Quintero 《Digestive endoscopy》2006,18(2):144-146
Gastric mucormycosis involvement is a rare condition that usually occurs in inmunocompromised patients and frequently has a fatal outcome. We report the case of a 73‐year‐old woman admitted to the intensive care unit with severe bleeding after an acute pulmonary disease. Upper endoscopy disclosed wide and deep necrotic ulcers in the body and fundus of the stomach and greenish exudates with the antrum and the duodenum undamaged. Autopsy revealed an invasive mucormycosis and a severe atheromatosis. Several predisposing factors for mucormycosis infection have been reported until now. We postulate that ischemic gastritis could be a predisposing factor for colonization of zygomycete. 相似文献
74.
G. GIORDANO T. D'ADDA L. GNETTI E. FROIO C. MERISIO† & M. MELPIGNANO† 《International journal of gynecological cancer》2006,16(4):1601-1607
In this study, we evaluated the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in organs of the female upper genital tract, using nine hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy specimens affected by HPV-positive invasive cervical carcinomas, to establish if cervical HPV infection can spread to upper tracts of the female genital system. HPV DNA was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all cervical carcinomas as well as in all tracts of the genital system. Then, these data were compared with the results obtained from PCR study of five other hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy specimens (control cases). The criteria used for selection of the control cases were informed consent of the patients for research at the time of surgery, absence of neoplasms, absence of any anatomic lesion caused by HPV in cervix, and external genitalia. All selected cases were squamous cervical carcinomas. PCR analysis revealed HPV DNA in all cases of cervical carcinoma. The HPV DNA was detected as weak positivity on PCR analysis in other organs of the genital system. However, the distribution of HPV DNA varied in the various cases and in the different tracts of the same hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy specimen. We believe that the HPV DNA, detected as a weakly positive signal, in the upper genital tract of patients who have a cervical squamous carcinoma could be a reflection of a latent HPV infection, as well as a sign of the existence of micrometastases containing HPV DNA, which cannot be detected by conventional histologic techniques. 相似文献
75.
Improving the safety of patient care is an issue which affects health systems in both developed and developing countries. To co-ordinate and accelerate improvements in patient safety, the World Health Organization (WHO) has supported the creation of the World Alliance for Patient Safety which was launched in October 2004. The six action areas of the Alliance are Patients for Patient Safety, Taxonomy, Research, Solutions for Patient Safety, Reporting and Learning, and a biennial Global Patient Safety Challenge. The first Challenge covering 2005-2006 was launched in October 2005 under the banner 'Clean Care is Safer Care'. The Challenge addresses health care-associated infection, a major, patient safety problem affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. 相似文献
76.
Efrat Rorman Chen Stein Zamir Irena Rilkis Hilla Ben-David 《Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)》2006,21(4):458
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the cause of toxoplasmosis. Primary infection in an immunocompetent person is usually asymptomatic. Serological surveys demonstrate that world-wide exposure to T. gondii is high (30% in US and 50–80% in Europe). Vertical transmission from a recently infected pregnant woman to her fetus may lead to congenital toxoplasmosis. The risk of such transmission increases as primary maternal infection occurs later in pregnancy. However, consequences for the fetus are more severe with transmission closer to conception. The timing of maternal primary infection is, therefore, critically linked to the clinical manifestations of the infection. Fetal infection may result in natural abortion. Often, no apparent symptoms are observed at birth and complications develop only later in life. The laboratory methods of assessing fetal risk of T. gondii infection are serology and direct tests.Screening programs for women at childbearing age or of the newborn, as well as education of the public regarding infection prevention, proved to be cost-effective and reduce the rate of infection.The impact of antiparasytic therapy on vertical transmission from mother to fetus is still controversial. However, specific therapy is recommended to be initiated as soon as infection is diagnosed. 相似文献
77.
Candida albicans vertebral osteomyelitis is rare. Three cases are presented. Without antifungal treatment, they developed spinal collapse and neurological deterioration within 3–6 months from the onset of symptoms. There was a delay of 4.5 and 7.5 months between the onset of symptoms and surgery. All patients were managed with surgical debridement and reconstruction and 12-week fluconazole treatment. The neurological deficits resolved completely. The infection has not recurred clinically or radiologically at 5–6 years follow-up. Although rare, Candida should be suspected as a causative pathogen in cases of spinal osteomyelitis. Without treatment the disease is progressive. As soon as osteomyelitis is suspected, investigations with MRI and percutaneous biopsy should be performed followed by medical therapy. This may prevent the need for surgery. However, if vertebral collapse and spinal cord compression occurs, surgical debridement, fusion and stabilisation combined with antifungal medications can successfully eradicate the infection and resolve the neurological deficits. 相似文献
78.
S Nishijima T Sugimachi T Higashida Y Asada K Okuda K Murata 《The Journal of dermatology》1992,19(6):356-361
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important causative microorganisms for nosocomial infections. Recently, the incidence of isolation of MRSA has been increasing every year in Japan and is, notably, much more frequently found in inpatients than in outpatients. Therefore, we have done epidemiological studies of MRSA isolated from medical staff, inpatients, and the hospital environment in one ward of our hospital. Thereafter, we examined the antibiotic susceptibility (ABPC, DMPPC, CET, CMZ, IPM, GM, MINO, OFLX, EM, CLDM, VCM), phage typing, and coagulase typing of these MRSA. MRSA were isolated more frequently from anterior nares of inpatients than from doctors and nurses. MRSA were isolated more frequently from the environment near carriers of MRSA. Coagulase type II and phage type N.T. (not typable) were the dominant types of MRSA in our hospital (69% and 61%). MRSA strains were resistant to most antibiotics with a few exceptions (VCM, IPM, CMZ, CET). The high isolation frequency of MRSA in our hospital seems to suggest that inpatients who are carrying MRSA spread MRSA throughout the hospital environment and that the anterior nares of inpatients are the major MRSA harbor. 相似文献
79.
Detection of Epstein Barr virus in an hepatic leiomyomatous neoplasm in an adult human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected patient 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
S. Prévot J. Néris P. P. de Saint Maur 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1994,425(3):321-325
We report the first case of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related primary hepatic leiomyoma in an adult patient. The diagnosis was made at autopsy and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Epstein Barr virus (EBV) was identified in tumour cells by in situ hybridization. Review of the literature revealed 13 cases of visceral myogenic tumours occuring in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome children, and only 2 cases in adults. One was a spinal epidural leiomyoma, the other multiple smooth muscle tumours of the colon and adrenal gland. This is the first report of EBV in smooth muscle neoplastic cells in an HIV-infected adult patient. 相似文献
80.
Cell culture-based influenza vaccine manufacturing is of growing importance. Depending on virus strains, differences in infection dynamics, virus-induced apoptosis, cell lysis and virus yields are observed. Comparatively little is known concerning details of virus–host cell interaction on a cellular level and virus spreading in a population of cells in bioreactors. In this study, the infection of MDCK cells with different influenza A virus strains in lab-scale microcarrier culture was investigated by flow cytometry. Together with the infection status of cells, virus-induced apoptosis was monitored. A mathematical model has been formulated to describe changes in the concentration of uninfected and infected adherent cells, dynamics of virus particle release (infectious virions, hemagglutinin content), and the time course of the percentage composition of the cell population. 相似文献