功能性胃肠病的心理社会因素（综述）

心理障碍、个性、压力对FGID的发展和加速的影响是不同的.功能性胃肠病在发作前有极大的生活压力和更多的负性生活事件.FGID病人有更高的受到性和身体虐待的发生率.IBS者情绪障碍多见的有焦虑障碍、情感障碍和躯体形.FGIDs在人格上更加抑郁、悲观、自我为中心,对待压力多采取否定的应对方式.FD者遇到压力生活事件时更易采取一成不变的、对抗的应对策略而不顾压力的可控制性.跟踪感知模式和对抗应对行为可能加重FD者的消化不良和心理症状.心理障碍可经自主传出神经影响肠功能和直肠黏膜血流.情绪改变可以影响IBS病人直肠感觉及内脏敏感性.脑信息处理、内脏敏感性和主观IBS症状间存在因果关系.     

The Gastroenterological Society of Australia

In this review, a summary of the objectives and activities of The Gastroenterological Society of Australia is given. It illustrates the multidisciplinary and multi-functional roles of a society that is confident and active in supporting and reflecting the views of its members in the pursuit of excellence in clinical practice, research and education in the various areas of digestive health.     

中国传统政治文明中的"官民相得"

中国传统社会政治文明中存在“官民相得”的优良传统 ,其赖以存在的思想基础和价值取向是“道”与“德” ,其表现形式是“公”的系统与“私”的系统的相互配合 ,其实现途径是“民助官治”和“官、民的联结与交融”。道德对社会具有积极的规范、教育、导向作用 ,所以 ,道德历来成为人们修身养性、完善自我乃至治国安邦的重要工具 ,同时也成为官民联系的基本纽带。道德可以与法律相辅相承 ,自律可以与他律互为补充 ,法律和道德实际上相互为用、相互包容。江泽民所倡导的“以德治国”是对传统政治文明中的“官民相得”历史传统的积极传承 ,体现了我们党吸收古今中外一切优秀文化精神的博大胸襟。     

Human benefits of animal interventions for zoonosis control

Although industrialized countries have been able to contain recent outbreaks of zoonotic diseases, many resource-limited and transitioning countries have not been able to react adequately. The key for controlling zoonoses such as rabies, echinococcosis, and brucellosis is to focus on the animal reservoir. In this respect, ministries of health question whether the public health sector really benefits from interventions for livestock. Cross-sectoral assessments of interventions such as mass vaccination for brucellosis in Mongolia or vaccination of dogs for rabies in Chad consider human and animal health sectors from a societal economic perspective. Combining the total societal benefits, the intervention in the animal sector saves money and provides the economic argument, which opens new approaches for the control of zoonoses in resource-limited countries through contributions from multiple sectors.     

We are here for you: infertility clinic communication during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics - To study how SART-member fertility clinics communicated via clinic websites during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic following publication of...     

论医学院校图书馆在学习型社会构建中的作用

学习型社会是一个终身学习、全民学习的社会。在医学院校构建学习型社会必须集医科师生个人与医学院校团体的力量,有效整合其机构的文化信息资源,充分发挥其效益。在阐述学习型社会的内涵与构建意义基础上,分析医学院校图书馆倡导自主学习的理念,拥有构建学习型社会需要丰富的学习资源,先进的信息传播技术应用及文献信息资源协同保障系统平台搭建,良好的学习环境、浓厚的学习氛围等优势,提出医学院校图书馆在构建学习型社会中有树立服务师生及员工的服务理念,开放常规服务,开展深层次信息服务等作用。     

The health implications of civic association in Russia

Can civic and political participation influence health outcomes, and if so, does the general aversion to joining community activities have some connection to poor health outcomes in Russia? Using data from surveys of 18,000+ urban Russians conducted from 2003 to 2005 and controlling for a wide range of variables, we find that individuals who join collective civic and political activities report better health than non-joiners and that living in a participatory community may enhance one’s health, regardless of one’s own participation.     

The Enigma of Japanese Ageing-in-Place Practice in the Information Age: Does Digital Gadget Help the (Good) Practice for Inter-Generation Care?

Against the background of Japanese demographic transition towards a very aged one: 22% (and 10%) of the population are aged 65 or above (and 75 or above) in mid-2008, the socio-familial reluctance for ageing-in-institutions, and the limited (already the inadequacy of) institutional care, ageing-in-place is both the socio-familial desirable and the policy solution. This paper examines the coping strategies of Japanese society, in the shortage of caring services, with socio-techno innovations derived from information and communication technologies (ICT), towards ageing-in-place. Mobile phone and e-communications promise for borderless, flexible and ubiquitous contacts: real time, round-the-clock, anytime and anywhere, making the geo-spatial conditions irrelevant and for all age groups, but are these offerings for the beneficiaries of an ageing society? Mobile communicative gadgets become social necessity for most Japanese and they are used for intensive social networking; for instance, the mobile phone's role in friendship-building among younger generations—but what about the senior adults for the place anchorage for active ageing? This paper examines and discusses the socio-familial-spatial (social networking, location and place) relevance of mobile communication, emphasizing the use of ICT and mobile communication by/with/for ageing population, for realizing the benefits of ageing-in-place. It especially considers elderly and their families, in the need for socially and geo-spatially fixed anchors (the essence of ageing-in-place), despite (or perhaps because of) the ‘mobility’ through ICT. Our key observations: the trend towards the intensification of ICT use, though affecting differential inter-personal relationship, evidently enables the practice for ageing-in-place in the information age.     

The Japanese society of alcohol-related problems

This paper presents an outline of the Japanese Society of Alcohol-Related Problems. The precursor of the Society was the Japan Alcoholism Treatment Research Group, inaugurated in 1979, by merging two local research groups in the Tokyo and Osaka areas, both of which were exclusive gatherings of psychiatrists associated with alcoholism clinics. The Research Group developed into the Society in 1992, as the number of participants including those from other medical professions increased yearly, and the subjects of the group widened to include all addictive behaviours. In reflecting the process of establishment, it is unique in many aspects as a scientific society. The Society is not a science-orientated body for presentation of new research findings. The main programme of the annual meeting is therefore a set of symposia in which members participate and discuss clinical and/or social problems arising from dependency on alcohol or drugs. Perhaps because of its content, the annual meeting is attended each year by the largest number of participants among all the societies in Japan concerned with alcohol and drugs. For the next several years, the Society's activities will be directed at (1) establishment of guidelines for early identification of and intervention in alcohol-related problems; (2) expansion of its membership to include those in related fields of medicine and non-medical professions; (3) improvement of the system of journal publication; and (4) creation of a system for timely adequate response to social problems associated with drugs and alcohol.