从中医药治疗肾炎现代临床研究文献探讨肾炎中医四诊信息的规律性

目的:利用中医药治疗肾炎现代临床研究文献探讨肾炎中医四诊信息的规律性。方法:收集整理中医药治疗肾炎现代临床研究文献,采用频数分析与聚类分析的方法,分析文献中四诊信息的规律性。结果:从现代医学角度分析,肾炎四诊信息可以分为四类:疾病诊断相关症状或体征、疾病诊断相关症状或体征的中医特征性描述、疾病诊断不太相关的全身症状或体征、疾病诊断无关的舌脉象。症状出现频率高的是疾病诊断相关症状。运用聚类分析将这28项症状和舌脉象聚类为2类,能分别代表中医气阴两虚、外感风邪和气阴两虚、外感风寒证候类型。若将这28项症状和舌脉象聚为10类,则分别代表中医治疗慢性胃炎辨证过程中证候分类的常见症状或舌脉象的组合。结论:从统计学角度出发,肾炎现代文献中的中医四诊信息具有规律性,同时该规律性与中医学辨证理论一致。     

Talking about adult work with young children

Since the Education Act of 1870 it has been compulsory for children to start attending school after their fifth birthday. However, there have always been children below the age of five in lesser and greater numbers attending school. This paper examines the conditions for under fives in school, both at the beginning of the century and now and compares the findings and recommendations of Government Reports. Significant is the similarity of conditions, findings and recommendations from 1908 and 1988 and a concensus as to the needs of children aged three and four. At both times nursery education is put forward as the most appropriate form of education for under fives. Given this consensus of opinion it is suggested that compulsory nursery education for four year olds is necessary.     

四大怀药延缓衰老作用的研究

本实验观察了怀牛膝、怀菊花、怀山药、怀地黄各单味药及四药合剂对小鼠血中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和过氧化脂质(LPO)的影响。结果表明,"四大怀药"合剂可明显增强鼠血中 SOD 的活性和 GSH-PX 的活力,使 LPO 显著降低。各单味药亦可增强 GSH-Px 的活性,使 LPO 降低。上述结果说明,四大怀药可能具有延缓衰老的作用。     

四大怀药对家蚕寿命及生长发育的影响

实验发现四大怀药中怀牛膝及四药合剂可显著延长家蚕龄期,且家蚕的身长、体重较对照组增加缓慢,食桑量亦减少。     

中医内外结合治疗腰腿疼痛116例

临床上,腰腿痛的原因是多方面的,中医属于＂腰痛＂、＂痹证＂等范畴,除了牵引、针灸、推拿等治疗方法和传统的口服中药方法治疗外,本人根据临床经验,把这些治疗方法综合运用,取得满意疗效.     

四参养心冲剂的亚急性毒性实验及其对免疫功能的影响

四参养心冲剂在生长期幼年大鼠的亚急性毒性实验中,以体重变化,肝、心、肾功能及对血细胞影响等观察中未见有明显的毒性。且在一定程度上可使血红蛋白量增多,淋巴细胞中T细胞增多为主;提示其可增强大鼠细胞免疫功能。该冲剂对生长期幼鼠的血液粘滞度影响不明显。     

Platelet activity in cluster headache

Platelets are known to be activated in common or classic migraine both during the attack and in headache-free periods. Platelet behavior is less well known in cluster headache. We have investigated beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor four (PF4) plasma levels, markers of in vivo platelet activation, in patients during remission and during bouts of cluster headache with and without pain. The results indicated that statistically significantly higher levels of beta-TG and PF4 occur in the patients during the remission period when compared with the control subjects. Such high levels seemed to persist between paroxysmal episodes in cluster periods. However, during the attacks of cluster headache beta-TG and PF4 plasma levels decreased by 42% and 50%, respectively, in comparison with plasma concentrations measured outside of attack. Thus, although platelet activation also occurs in patients with cluster headache, the attack as such seems to be characterized by a marked reduction in platelet activation.     

Maternal Predictors of Breast Milk Plasmalogens and Associations with Infant Body Composition and Neurodevelopment

PurposeEthanolamine-containing plasmalogens (pPEs) are a unique class of breastmilk (BM) glycerophospholipids containing a vinyl-ether at the sn-1 and a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) at the sn-2 position of the glycerol moiety. pPEs are present in the milk fat globule membrane, accumulate in the infant brain, and have been implicated in infant development. The study objectives were to: (1) describe the composition of BM pPEs and the variation in monomers at both the sn-1 and sn-2 positions; and (2) quantify the associations between BM pPEs and maternal predictors (body mass index, race, dietary fatty acid intake, gestational age at birth, and days’ postpartum). Secondary objectives were to explore the relationship between BM pPEs and infant anthropometrics and neurodevelopment.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of 39 mother–infant dyads in the control group of a randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation during lactation. BM samples and data regarding maternal diet, infant anthropometrics (weight, fat mass index, and fat-free mass index by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and infant development were collected at 1 month (visit 1 [V1], n = 37) and 4 months’ (visit 4 [V4], n = 39) postpartum. BM pPEs were extracted and quantified by using ultra-HPLC/high-resolution MS/MS at V1 and V4 and expressed as percent mass of total phospholipids. Associations of pPEs with infant development and anthropometrics were modeled using linear regression.FindingsC(18:0) vinyl ethers and C(18:2) polyunsaturated fatty acid–enriched pPEs predominate in BM. Specific pPEs, as a proportion of total phospholipids, decreased between V1 and V4. Higher maternal body mass index was associated with lower BM pPEs in unadjusted models, but this association was attenuated after adjustment for race, diet, and days’ postpartum. Maternal fatty acid intake, gestational age, and days’ postpartum were not associated with BM pPEs. Total pPEs at V1 were negatively associated with infant fat mass index and positively associated with fat-free mass index at V1 and V4. BM pPE concentrations were not correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes.ImplicationsBM pPEs decrease over lactation and are associated with lower infant adiposity and higher lean mass. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00412074.     

遵国医大师教诲 走中医学习正途——记邓铁涛对中医学生的教导

目的：探索学好中医所应具备的基础条件和应走的正确途径;方法：从国医大师邓铁涛教授对的教导中,进行探讨分析与归纳总结;结果：概括出学好中医的条件与途径共五条：热爱中医,不离不弃;重视哲学,底蕴宽厚;勤勉学习,四大经典;编辑歌诀,事半功倍;临床实践,中医之本。结论：邓铁涛教授对中医的热爱之情和学好中医的经验值得后代医者效法。     

从国医大师周仲瑛教授病案探讨其证治特色及学术思想

目的：总结国医大师周仲瑛教授的证治特色和学术思想。方法：通过临床跟师侍诊,研习、总结、归纳其病案书写风格。结果：周老病案具有如下特色：重视四诊信息收集,尤重望诊、问诊记载;辨证首重病机,尤重脏腑病机为核心的描述;体现辨证为主、辨病为辅的病证结合思想;证治联系紧密、擅于揉合选方、疑难病善用复法大方;用药既重传承又重融入新知;重视病机动态变化,尊重事实善于修正。结论：国医大师周仲瑛教授临床辨治独具匠心,门诊病案颇具风格,对提高中医临证水平极具启迪作用。