Alternations of phospholipid profile in placenta of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat

Phospholipids have important roles in many biological processes, but their role in fetal malformation in pregnancy in diabetes is unclear. Metabolic fingerprinting of placental phospholipids in pregnant streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats was performed using Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Some of the fetuses from the pregnant diabetic rats exhibited ventricular septal defects. Alterations of phospholipid compositions in the diabetic rat placenta were detected. We suggest that these changes in phospholipids in the diabetic placenta might be involved in development of fetal malformation in a type 1 diabetic pregnancy.     

野生保护抚育杠板归药材的品质评价研究

目的:采用HPLC测定不同年份贵州省野生护育杠板归药材的指纹图谱,期望能够有效地评价其质量,为杠板归药材的GAP种植提供科学的依据。方法:色谱柱Lichrospher C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)柱,流速1 mL.min-1,检测波长为340 nm,以乙腈-0.2%醋酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱。结果:2011年所测产地的杠板归药材比2010年的药材更趋于一致,品质更好;其中大方县的药材在这2年内是最稳定的,贵定县样品GBG-(GD)002和龙里县样品GBG-(LL)003来源地种植的杠板归药材相对其他来源地品质更稳定,基地生产更成熟。结论:建立HPLC指纹图谱的方法来评价各产地杠板归药材的质量与稳定性是可行的,能够从整体上全面而有效地评价杠板归药材的质量,为杠板归药材的GAP种植提供一定的科学依据。     

中药苍术炮制前后DNA指纹图谱研究

目的:探讨苍术炮制前后DNA指纹图谱研究方法。方法:采用RAPD技术对不同产地的茅苍术炮制前后进行DNA指纹图谱研究。结果:不同产地的茅苍术生品DNA指纹图谱一致,几种麸炒苍术的DNA指纹图谱与生品有较大差异。结论:DNA指纹图谱可用于鉴别同种药材的生品。     

代谢组学与中药研究

讨论代谢组学的研究方法和LC／MS技术，包括代谢指纹图谱，用于非目标的代谢组的总体分析和代谢轮廓图，用于有目标的代谢物的分析。方法设计涉及样品采集和处理；LC／MS仪器与技术及数据处理、分析等。系统生物学包括代谢组学，开启了研究中药及其与动物或人体相互作用的新途径。本文讨论了中药的质量控制、成分分析及中药药效的代谢组学研究思路和方法。     

Standardization and Identification of Minor Components of Silymarin (MK-001)

Objective To develop a highly effective HPLC method for standardization of silymarin and for characterization of minor components, which has not been reported previously. Methods An HPLC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR spectroscopy were employed to provide assurance for a standardized silymarin product (MK-001). Results A total of 18 marker compounds were identified and characterized including ten flavonolignans and eight small molecules including adenine, adenosine, uridine, and 3,5,7-trihydroxychromone which were first isolated and characterized from silymarin. The HPLC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR had been established for complete assignments of HPLC peaks with intensity over 1.0%. Conclusion The successfully established HPLC fingerprinting method and 1 H-NMR could be applied for the standardization of commercial silymarin products. MK-001 represents the first standardized silymarin with the highest content of flavonolignans ( > 90%).     

血府逐瘀汤不同剂型数字化指纹图谱的构建

[目的]建立一种有效的超高效液相色谱(UPLC)数字化色谱指纹图谱,评价血府逐瘀汤不同剂型的质量,为血府逐瘀汤制剂(胶囊、口服液、片剂、软胶囊、汤剂)质量控制提供参考。[方法]采用超高效液相色谱仪,以色谱柱ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm),柱温50℃,体积流量0.3 m L/min,进样量2μL,检测波长为280 nm,0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱(0~8 min,3%~8%B;8~24 min,8%~19%B;24~35 min,19%~45%B)。[结果]构建了血府逐瘀汤多种剂型的指纹图谱。以野漆树苷为参照峰,共标定了30个共有峰,通过标准品比对确定了血府逐瘀汤不同制剂指纹图谱中的16个共有峰。采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》(2004A版)评价了血府逐瘀汤不同制剂指纹图谱相似度均大于0.81。以血府逐瘀汤不同剂型共有峰的相对峰面积为特征值进行主成分分析(PCA),不同剂型样品聚类在3个不同的区域,说明血府逐瘀汤不同剂型的质量存在明显差异。[结论]该方法构建的指纹图谱简便易行,为血府逐瘀汤不同剂型的质量控制研究提供依据。     

Characterization of PVL‐positive MRSA from Norway

Norway is a country in which the Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence has been low for the last decades. There are virtually no epidemic, hospital‐acquired MRSA because of an emphasis on strict infection control rules and restrictive use of antibiotics. However, community‐acquired and/or Panton‐Valentine leucocidin (PVL)‐positive MRSA need to be monitored as these strains are transmitted outside of healthcare facilities and cannot be contained by healthcare‐centred strategies. All 179 non‐repetitive isolates of PVL‐positive MRSA that were received during 2011 at the regional infection control laboratory at Akershus University Hospital were preserved and spa typed. Seventy isolates were further characterized by DNA microarray hybridization. The most common PVL‐MRSA lineages were ST8‐MRSA‐IV and CC30‐MRSA‐IV. Further common clones were CC80‐MRSA‐IV and CC5‐MRSA‐IV. Other clones were found sporadically. These included ST772‐MRSA‐V and ST834‐MRSA‐IV, the latter in patients with epidemiological connections to the Philippines. Small‐scale family outbreaks affecting at least 49 individuals were noted, with numbers of known cases per outbreak ranging from two to seven. At least 24 cases were related to foreign travel to Eritrea, India, Iraq, Macedonia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Singapore, Turkey, the USA and Vietnam. These data show that community‐acquired/PVL‐positive MRSA are not yet a major public health problem in Southern Norway. Our study corroborates the current practice of mandatory screening of patients and staff with travel histories, admissions or employment in healthcare institutions outside the Scandinavian countries or with known MRSA contacts.     

丹参炮制前后特征图谱比较研究

目的 采用HPLC法研究山东产丹参炮制前后指纹图谱变化,为科学评价及有效控制其质量提供可靠依据.方法 以80％甲醇为提取溶剂,采用超声方法提取制备供试样品.以Hanbon C18色谱柱为固定相,乙腈:0.1％甲酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为280 nm,进样量20 μL,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为25℃,进...     

淫羊藿提取物的质量研究

目的：考察目前市场上淫羊藿提取物的质量。方法：采用HPLC测定市售的淫羊藿提取物中朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、箭藿苷B的含量和指纹图谱,紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量。结果：大部分提取物中淫羊藿苷含量与公司提供的标示量一致,全部测定样品的指纹图谱分为3类,分别对应于不同的来源药材,淫羊藿苷标示含量相同的样品中朝藿定C、箭藿苷B以及总黄酮的含量存在差异。结论：将提取物指纹图谱与药材指纹图谱进行比对,可以初步确定其来源的药材,药材的不同是造成提取物质量差异的主要因素,建议淫羊藿提取物应该标示药材来源,并进行多项的含量检测,以便实现提取物质量的稳定。