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41.
Christine N Vidal Rob Nicolson Timothy J DeVito Kiralee M Hayashi Jennifer A Geaga Dick J Drost Peter C Williamson Nagalingam Rajakumar Yihong Sui Rebecca A Dutton Arthur W Toga Paul M Thompson 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2006,60(3):218-225
BACKGROUND: Volumetric studies have reported reductions in the size of the corpus callosum (CC) in autism, but the callosal regions contributing to this deficit have differed among studies. In this study, a computational method was used to detect and map the spatial pattern of CC abnormalities in male patients with autism. METHODS: Twenty-four boys with autism (aged 10.0 +/- 3.3 years) and 26 control boys (aged 11.0 +/- 2.5 years) underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan at 3 Tesla. Total and regional areas of the CC were determined using traditional morphometric methods. Three-dimensional (3D) surface models of the CC were also created from the MRI scans. Statistical maps were created to visualize morphologic variability of the CC and to localize regions of callosal thinning in autism. RESULTS: Traditional morphometric methods detected a significant reduction in the total callosal area and in the anterior third of the CC in patients with autism; however, 3D maps revealed significant reductions in both the splenium and genu of the CC in patients. CONCLUSIONS: Statistical maps of the CC revealed callosal deficits in autism with greater precision than traditional morphometric methods. These abnormalities suggest aberrant connections between cortical regions, which is consistent with the hypothesis of abnormal cortical connectivity in autism. 相似文献
42.
目的探讨不同方法治疗压疮的临床效果。方法将65例患者计Ⅱ~Ⅲ度溃疡84处按基本条件相当原则随机分成A、B、C三组,A组21例28处,伤口采用清创冲洗后,给予康惠尔水胶体敷料;B组23例30处,伤口采用湿润烧伤膏;C组21例26处,清创冲洗后,给予自制凡士林油纱敷料外敷溃疡面处。结果B组愈合率最高,且平均显效时间和愈合时间均较A、C两组明显缩短,且A、B组明显高于C组。结论采用清创冲洗后用湿润烧伤膏是治疗压疮较好的方法之一。 相似文献
43.
Prevalence of vibration-induced white finger and assessment of vibration exposure among travertine workers in Italy 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
M. Bovenzi A. Franzinelli F. Strambi 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1988,61(1-2):25-34
Summary Among 76 stonedrillers and stonecutters/chippers working in the Rapolano travertine quarries (Tuscany, Italy), 27 subjects (35.5%) were affected with vibration-induced white finger (VWF). The median latent period for VWF was ten years (range 0.1–26 years). A VWF prevalence of 8% was found among 60 comparable controls (P < 0.0001). Vibration measurements showed that the frequency-weighted accelerations for two rock-drills and two small chipping hammers ranged from 19.7 to 36.4 m/s2. Weighted accelerations between 2.4 and 4.1 m/s2. were measured on the handles of a vertical grinder and a hand cutter. Vibration data, daily exposure time and total duration of exposure period were used to calculate two indicators of vibration dose such as the four-hour, energy-equivalent, frequency-weighted acceleration (m/s2) and the vibration exposure level (dB). A significant association between the vibration exposure level and the severity of VWF stages was observed among the travertine operators. The dose-effect relationship proposed by ISO 5349 was not suitable for the data of the present study because it overestimates the risk due to hand-transmitted vibration in the travertine workers. Finally, the results of a cold test indicated that the rewarming time of fingertips to room temperature was more prolonged in the operators with VAT than in those without VWF and in the controls. 相似文献
44.
Rodney Harrison Michael J. Bronskill R. Mark Henkelman 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》1995,33(4):490-496
T2 relaxation makes an important contribution to tissue contrast in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Many tissues are known to exhibit multicomponent T2 relaxation that suggests some compartmental segregation of mobile protons on a T2 timescale. Magnetization transfer (MT) is another relaxation mechanism that can be used to produce tissue contrast in MR imaging. The MT process depends strongly on water-macromolecular interactions. To investigate the relationship between multicomponent T2 relaxation and the MT process, multiecho T2 measurements have been combined with MT measurements for freshly excised samples of cardiac muscle, striated muscle, and white matter. For muscle, short T2 components show greater MT than long T2 components, consistent with the belief that they represent distinct water environments. For white matter, quantitative MT measurements were identical for the two major T2 components, apparently because of exchange between the T2 compartments on a timescale characteristic of the MT experiment. Implications for accurate modeling of MT in tissue and the use of MT for MR image contrast are discussed. 相似文献
45.
为了研究亚麻子对鸡蛋黄以及鸡体内二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA)含量的影响 ,用添加亚麻子的饲料喂养蛋鸡(剂量组 ) 1 0周后 ,用气相色谱法检测鸡蛋黄和鸡体内DHA的含量。结果显示 ,与对照组相比 ,剂量组鸡蛋黄中α 亚麻酸 (ALA)和DHA的含量呈明显上升趋势 ,并发现剂量组蛋鸡的肝脏、脑中DHA含量也相应增加。提示亚麻子对于开发新型的保健食品具有一定价值 相似文献
46.
Stephan E Maier Sridhar Vajapeyam Hatsuho Mamata Carl-Fredrik Westin Ferenc A Jolesz Robert V Mulkern 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2004,51(2):321-330
Several studies have shown that in tissues over an extended range of b-factors, the signal decay deviates significantly from the basic monoexponential model. The true nature of this departure has to date not been identified. For the current study, line scan diffusion images of brain suitable for biexponential diffusion tensor analysis were acquired in normal subjects on a clinical MR system. For each of six noncollinear directions, 32 images with b-factors ranging from 5 to 5000 s/mm2 were collected. Biexponential fits yielded parameter maps for a fast and a slow diffusion component. A subset of the diffusion data, consisting of the images obtained at the conventional range of b-factors between 5 and 972 s/mm2, was used for monoexponential diffusion tensor analysis. Fractional anisotropy (FA) of the fast-diffusion component and the monoexponential fit exhibited no significant difference. FA of the slow-diffusion biexponential component was significantly higher, particularly in areas of lower fiber density. The principal diffusion directions for the two biexponential components and the monoexponential solution were largely the same and in agreement with known fiber tracts. The second and third diffusion eigenvector directions also appeared to be aligned, but they exhibited significant deviations in localized areas. 相似文献
47.
48.
Summary A two-cell human embryo recovered from the Fallopian tube 82 h following the LH peak in plasma and 37 h after a single episode of intercourse was examined by transmission electron microscopy. At the time of recovery the embryo was denuded of cumulus cells, and both the zona pellucida and the two adjoining blastomeres were intact. The finding of two polar bodies in the perivitelline space, two nucleated blastomeres and remnants of the fertilizing sperm tail within the cytoplasm of one of them, were considered as evidences that the embryo was normally fertilized. Among the most compicuous features found were the presence of very distinct desmosome-like structure between blastomeres, and the cytoplasmic cell organelles distribution in three areas referred as: a sub-cortical, a middle and a perinuclear bands. An outstanding feature was the extensive blebbing of the nuclear envelope. In general, the features seem to correspond to a normally developing two-cell embryo undergoing cleavage at a normal rate. 相似文献
49.
"Chronic painter''s syndrome". A reanalysis of psychological test data in a group of diagnosed cases, based on comparisons with matched controls 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Twenty solvent-exposed workers, most of them painters, had been diagnosed as cases of toxic encephalopathy in 1978/79. Two years later they were re-examined with an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Their performance was unchanged on retesting. We have now compared their test results with those of non-exposed control subjects. Previous impressions of significant intellectual impairment in the solvent-exposed patients could not be confirmed when the influence of age, education, and intelligence was taken into consideration. The present group with presumed toxic encephalopathy is assumed to be representative of other patients who were similarly diagnosed in our department. The presently reanalyzed cases had been diagnosed as brain damaged and reported as such in the literature. Thus, they may have contributed to the formation of the concept of the "chronic painters' syndrome" with dementia. 相似文献
50.
M. Vandenbranden J.L. de Coen R. Jeener L. Kanarek J.M. Ruyschaert 《Molecular immunology》1981,18(7):621-631
Interactions between rabbit-γ-immunoglobulins and model membranes (lipid monalayers, planar lipid bilayers, liposomes) have been investigated. No significant interaction was observed with immunoglobulins. However, immunoglobulins dialysed first vs aqueous buffer having pH 2 or 3 and then dialysed against pH 7 buffer presumably adopt a new conformation which allows their bindings to model membranes. This binding is hydrophobic and the immunoglobulin region interacting with the lipid acyl chains is probably located in the heavy chain, as suggested by labelling in this region by a photosensitive probe previously incorporated into the lipid hydrophobic core. Cleavage at the hinge region by papain or pepsin, or heating above 38°C, induces the loss of the hydrophobic conformation responsible for hydrophobic bindings. The binding capacity of immunoglobulins heated above 38°C is restored after momentary dialysis at pH 2. The possible existence of two Ig isomers is discussed in relation to the mechanism of γ-immunoglobulin passage through the endoplasmic membrane and fixation into the plasma membrane. 相似文献