MRI of the brain in chronic carbon monoxide poisoning

We examined 13 patients with chronic carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); all of them had been in an explosion in a coal mine 25 years previously. Symmetrical globus pallidus lesions were observed in 12, as was degeneration of the white matter, with focal cortical atrophy. The temporal parietal and occipital lobes were usually affected, the parietooccipital region being the most frequently and extensively damaged. Of the 12 patients with white matter degeneration 7 had definitely asymmetrical cortical and subcortical lesions. There were 6 patients with dilated temporal horns, probably due to atrophy of the hippocampal gyri. A history of CO inhalation and an awareness of the typical distributions of lesions are important for recognition of the effects of CO poisoning, especially when patients are in the chronic stage.     

实验动物大白鼠型流行性出血热流行病学和临床症状调查

本文对59名接触实验动物大白鼠引起23例流行性出血热(EHF)的流行病学和临床症状进行了调查,发病率为38.98%。发病的有副教授、讲师、助教、研究生等。发病多在春季,年龄组在21～40岁,男多于女。经间接免疫荧光技术检查,大白鼠肺EHFV抗原阳性率为32.69%。临床分型以中型为多,其次为重型和轻型。临床症状以发热、头痛、腰痛、全身痛、食欲不振、酒醉貌为主,没有死亡病例。血清间接免疫荧光抗体IgG在1:320～1:5 120之间的占91.30%。     

1000例白鼻毛调查

在1000人中统计白鼻毛发生率为36.4%,白发为26.1%,白须为7.5%,白眉为3.3%,白睫为1.6%。我们认为白鼻毛比白发等作为衰老的一项指标更有其代表性。白鼻毛发生率:男性(53.4%)高于女性(13.4%),知识分子(60.8%)高于工人(26.3%)及农民(26.4%),日本人高于中国人,差异显著。     

Effect of sperm preparation with TEST yolk buffer on sperm-binding capacity under hemizona assay conditions

Summary. The study was conducted to evaluate the diverse effect and clinical significance of TEST yolk buffer treatment on sperm samples of 128 infertile men. Sperm samples were incubated with TEST yolk buffer and control medium (Ham's F-10) at room temperature for 2 h. The hemizona indices (mean ± SE) of the TEST yolk buffer and medium-treated sperm samples were 29 ± 2.3% and 22 ± 1.6%, respectively. Inspection of the individual response of each sperm sample to TEST yolk buffer revealed that 63 samples (49%) improved (double the interassay variation = 28%) their binding to zona pellucida, 36 (28%) remained unchanged, whereas the binding capacity of 29 samples (23%) decreased. Furthermore, TEST yolk buffer treatment of 24 samples (19%) resulted in an increased binding beyond the hemizona index threshold set up at 23%. This level was previously shown to be the cut-off point between fertile and infertile sperm samples. It was concluded that when applied to an unselected group of infertile men, TEST yolk buffer significantly increased sperm binding capacity to the zona pellucida. However, only 19% of the sperm samples showed improvement with clinical significance. The other sperm samples may have improved, remained unchanged or even deteriorated independently on basic sperm variables. Thus, the effect of TEST yolk buffer treatment on sperm binding should be tested prior to its clinical use to avoid possible damage to certain sperm samples.     

Imaging of shifted stimulated echoes and multiple spin echoes

It is shown that a repetitive pulse sequence consisting of two 90° pulses and gradients in a 1:2 ratio around the second 90° pulse generates interscan shifted stimulated echoes (SSTEs) and intrascan multiple spin echoes (MSEs). Separation of these two types of signals is accomplished using specific gradient crusher schemes. The intensity of the SSTEs is an order of magnitude larger than that of the MSEs and determines the signal contrast if both effects are selected simultaneously. The SSTE sequence generates improved contrast between gray and white matter, even at high field, which is explained in terms of increased inverse T₁-weighting for the interscan echo. The MSE image has low signal to noise and no detectable contrast. The effect of interscan diffusion weighting is also discussed.     

动脉硬化性脑白质病的CT表现与临床分析

目的 :探讨动脉硬化性脑白质病的临床与CT表现特点。方法 :收集 10 0例动脉硬化性脑白质病的临床与CT资料进行综合分析。结果 :10 0例的CT表现为 :弥漫性脑白质低密度改变 ,主要分布在双侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心白质区 ,病灶多呈条带状及月晕状。合并脑萎缩 90例 ;脑梗塞 76例 ,其中 2 5例有大的梗塞灶 ,其余为腔隙性梗塞 ;脑出血 9例 ,其中位于壳核 5例 ,丘脑 3例 ,小脑 1例 ;有 15例伴发基底节区软化灶。增强扫描 8例 ,显示病灶无明显增强。结论 :动脉硬化性脑白质病是发生于老年人的缺血性脑血管病 ,高血压动脉硬化是其主要发病因素。     

脑梗死后再发缺血性卒中与脑出血患者微血管病变及预后的比较

【目的】探讨脑梗死后再发缺血性卒中与脑出血患者的临床特点、影像学上微血管病变及预后的异同。【方法】连续收集急性复发性卒中的住院病例（初发事件为脑梗死，复发事件包括脑梗死或脑出血），详细记录临床资料。观察脑内微出血及自质病变的严重程度，随访有无严重血管事件及死亡的发生。【结果】175例再发脑梗死患者。19例复发事件为脑出血的患者进入本研究。155例（88．6％）再发脑梗死患者，以及18例（94．7％）脑出血患者存在自质病变。77例（44％）再发脑梗死患者和16例（84．2％）脑出血患者存在脑内微出血。脑出血组自质病变的严重程度及微出血的数目均明显高于再发脑梗死组（P=0．033，0．016），脑出血组的死亡率及再发脑出血的危险性明显增高（P=0．034，0．036）。【结论】严重的脑自质病变及微出血的出现与脑梗死后再发脑出血有关。多发微出血提示出血风险增高。如复发事件为脑出血，则其死亡率及再次复发脑出血的风险均明显增加。     

An Autopsied Case of Interferon Encephalopathy

Abstract: A 78-year-old male with renal carcinoma was treated with a high dose infusion of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) for eight months. The patient had evidence of organlc brain syndrome such 88 : dysfunction of memory, slowing of behavior, and development of mental confusion that appeared eight months after the treatment. MRI at the time of mental confusion revealed difise white matter lesions. Neuropathologic findings were compatible to Binswanger's disease and Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type (SDAT), Preexisting neurologic abnormalities including intracerebral arteriosclerosis and cerebral atrophy may increase susceptibility to unacceptably severe IFN neurotoxicity.     

Food-induced contact urticaria syndrome (CUS) in atopic dermatitis: reproducibility of repeated and duplicate testing with a skin provocation test, the skin application food test (SAFT)

IgE-mediated contact urticaria syndrome (CUS) is one of the manifestations of allergy in childhood atopic dermatitis (AD). Allergens such as foods and animal products penetrate the skin easily. They can then cause urticarial reactions in sensitized individuals. A provocation test system for foods, called the skin application food test (SAFT), has been developed. Over more than 5 years, a group of 175 patients with AD was built-up and investigated in a prospective follow-up study with SAFT. SAFT was more frequently positive in AD children aged 6–2 years than in older children. In several children of this population (Group 1), we repeated SAFT within a period of 1 year. In another unrelated group of children (Group 2–1), we compared the results of 'original' SAFT and SAFT using square chambers (Van der Bend) or Silver patches. In the 3rd group (Group 2–2) we compared'original' SAFT with SAFT using big Finn Chambers. The agreement between the tests was high: in Group 1, we observed 88 to 93% concordant scores, and in Group 2, the scores were 96% to 100%. Statistically, the K coefficient ranged from 0.71–0.87 in Group 1, and from 0.83–1.00 in Group 2. SAFT is therefore highly reproducible. Agreement was at least 88% between the scores (the lowest K value observed was at least 0.71).