HPLC法测定小儿消退糖浆中大黄酚含量

[目的]建立以高效液相色谱法测定小儿消退糖浆中的大黄酚含量的方法.[方法]色谱为C18色谱柱(4mmx250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水-磷酸-戊烷磺酸钠(80:20:0.1:0.1),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长为254 am,柱温为室温.[结果]大黄酚检测浓度在5～25 mg/L范围内与峰面积值线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为100.13%(RSD=1.1%).[结论]本方法可用于消食退热糖浆的质量检测.     

In vivo assessment of safety and mechanisms underlying in vitro relaxation induced by Mikania laevigata Schultz Bip. ex Baker in the rat trachea

Mikania laevigata, popularly known in Brazil as "guaco", is largely used in folk medicine against respiratory diseases. However, neither the assessment of the toxicity of "guaco" syrup (GS, used by humans) nor its efficacy or mechanisms of action has been properly investigated. Using in vitro procedures, we showed that the hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from Mikania laevigata induces a concentration-dependent relaxation of rat trachea which does not depend on epithelium-derived substances but involves changes in the cellular mobilization of calcium, perhaps due to a direct effect on membrane potassium channels. In addition, we assessed both oral and intraperitoneal acute toxicity, as well as the oral subchronic and chronic toxicity of GS containing controlled amounts of coumarin, the main biological marker of Mikania laevigata preparations used in humans. The calculated LD(50) of GS after intraperitoneal administration was 0.904 g/kg in mice (both sexes) and 0.967 and 0.548 g/kg in male and female rats, respectively. However, the LD(50) values of GS by the oral route were calculated to be up to 10 g/kg, in both male and female mice and rats. Repeated dose 28- or 90-day oral treatment with GS (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) did not produce any disturbances in the hematological or biochemical parameters of either male or female rats, nor did it provide evidence of toxicity in the hepatic, renal or pancreatic systems. Besides the mechanistic findings, our results provide evidence of the safety of Mikania laevigata in rodents, even after subchronic and chronic administration, at least in relation to the evaluated parameters.     

Ultrastructural findings in maple syrup urine disease in Poll Hereford calves

Summary Ultrastructural findings in the nervous systems of two Poll Hereford calves affected with maple syrup urine disease or branched chain ketoacid decarboxylase deficiency are described. The calves were affected within 2 days of birth with a severe generalised central nervous system (CNS) disorder characterised by dullness and weakness, progressing to recumbency and opisthotonus. The urine had an odour of burnt sugar. Analysis of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated significantly elevated levels of the branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine. Status spongiosus affecting mainly the white matter was recorded at microscopic examination of the CNS, with ultrastructural examination confirming the presence of intramyelinic vacuole formation, suggesting myelin oedema.Supported in part by a Wool Research Trust Fund postgraduate scholarship to one of us (P.A.W.H.)     

50例糖尿病患者服用舒糖宝后血糖含量的变化

５０例非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者服用舒糖宝口服液后，血糖测定结果，甲组服药前、后空腹血糖为９．８６和７．７３，服药前后餐后２ｈ血糖含量分别为１５．０１和１１．５２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，服药前后比较有显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；乙组空腹、服药后１ｈ、４ｈ、第４天空腹血糖分别为１５．６６，１２．４４，８．５８，８．７８ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，降低有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

Lowered concentrations of branched-chain amino acids result in impaired growth and neurological problems: insights from a branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex kinase-deficient mouse model

Excess circulating levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), as seen in maple syrup urine disease, result in severe neuropathology. A new mouse model, deficient in the kinase that controls BCAA catabolism, shows that very low circulating levels of BCAA are also associated with neuropathology, including the development of epileptic seizures. These mice clearly demonstrate the need to control essential amino acid levels within both upper and lower limits.     

医院制剂参芪益肺糖浆药理分析及抗肺癌功效

目的分析参芪益肺糖浆药理,探讨其抗肺癌功效。方法将67例肺癌患者随机为两组,对照组(32例)以EP方案化疗,结合组(35例)在对照组基础上加用参芪益肺糖浆,观察两组疗效。结果结合组患者血液流变学指标低于对照组,有效稳定率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论参芪益肺糖浆补脾肺之气,益虚损,抗凝,提升白细胞,有较强抗肺癌功效。     

安神补脑液去除维生素B1前后对小鼠镇静、催眠作用及脑内RNA,DNA,蛋白质合成影响的比较

目的:探讨维生素B1(VB1)对安神补脑液功效的影响。方法:实验小鼠按体重随机分为7组,分别为正常组(蒸馏水),安神补脑液高、低剂量组(0.1,0.05 g·kg-1),不含VB1的安神补脑液高、低剂量组(0.1,0.05 g·kg-1),VB1口服液高、低剂量组(0.1,0.05 g·kg-1),每组10只。每日按体重ig给药1次,连续ig 10 d。通过小鼠自主活动实验观察各样品的镇静作用;戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠睡眠实验观察各样品的催眠作用;地衣酚(Orcinol)法测定脑组织中RNA含量、二苯胺显色法测定脑组织中DNA含量、福林酚(Lowry)法测定脑组织中蛋白质的含量。结果:与正常组比较,安神补脑液高、低剂量组、不含VB1的安神补脑液高、低剂量组自主活动次数明显减少,且具有显著性差异(P0.05),而VB1口服液高、低剂量组自主活动次数与正常组相比无显著性差异;安神补脑液高剂量组可明显增加小鼠戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量睡眠时间(P0.05),不含VB1的安神补脑液组对小鼠戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量睡眠时间有增加趋势,其他各组无明显差异;除安神补脑液低剂量组外,各组脑内DNA含量均明显增加(P0.01);不含VB1的安神补脑液高剂量组、VB1口服液高、低剂量组蛋白质含量明显增加(P0.01),其余各组无显著性差异;同时,各组对脑内RNA含量无明显影响。结论:不含VB1的安神补脑液和安神补脑液的镇静、催眠作用效果相当;同时,实验证明了不同工艺制备样品对小鼠脑组织中DNA,蛋白质合成有促进作用,对RNA的含量无影响。     

奥亭止咳露在治疗COPD急性期中的应用

目的 探讨奥亭止咳露在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性期中的治疗作用。方法 COPD急性加重患者60例,给予奥亭止咳露10m1．每日3次．连用3～7日。比较治疗前及后4、8日时症状评分，并判定疗效。结果 治疗组各种症状在第四日较前均有明显好转。结论 奥亭止咳露可有效改善COPD急性加重患者的症状,改善睡眠质量,是有效辅助治疗药物之一。     

Acute effects of fructose consumption on uric acid and plasma lipids in patients with impaired renal function

Objective

Metabolic disturbances are common in patients with renal function impairment and are related to high rates of cardiovascular incidents and mortality. Kidney transplantation leads to improved survival but may lead to additional metabolic alterations caused by immunosuppressive drugs and improved nutrition.

Materials and methods

The short-term effect of oral fructose load on serum uric acid (UA), plasma lipids, and blood pressure (BP) was studied in 85 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and impairment of renal function (glomerular filtration rate 50–65 ml/min per 1.73 m²), comprising 55 renal transplant recipients (RTR) treated with standard triple immunosuppressive therapy including a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) cyclosporine A (CsA) or tacrolimus (Tac) and 30 non-transplanted patients with CKD. Both non-transplanted CKD patients and RTR had stable renal function and a comparable degree of kidney dysfunction. All subjects received orally 70 g of fructose dissolved in 200 ml of water. Serum UA, lipids, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after fructose administration.

Results

There was a significant increase of serum UA concentration (p < 0.001) in both CKD patients and RTR – CsA- or Tac-treated patients comparable in the latter. Total cholesterol (TC), LDL, and HDL cholesterol significantly decreased and serum triglycerides (TG) markedly increased in RTR, whereas in CKD patients all serum lipid fractions increased. Blood pressure was unaffected by fructose intake.

Conclusion

Both non-transplanted and transplanted patients with mild renal function impairment show similar acute purine metabolic disturbances following oral administration of fructose but in the latter dietary fructose may induce a smaller hyperlipidemic response.     

赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia Foelide)纤维素酶的初步研究

将赤子爱胜蚓整体组织匀浆的抽提液,经Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤、DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B离子交换及在FPLC仪上用Mono Q柱分离,可以纯化到多种组分的纤维素酶,研究了它们的酶学性质,证明均为C_X酶。