鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤10例临床病理分析

目的 探讨鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理特征,并对其诊断和鉴别诊断进行讨论.方法 结合组织形态学结构和免疫组化,对10例鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤进行临床病理分析.结果 10例鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤中男性3例,女性7例,年龄52～83岁,平均年龄59.8岁.肿瘤由上皮样,梭形及未分化小细胞等多种类型的细胞组成.免疫组化标记瘤细胞均表达HMB-45、S-100蛋白、vimentin.结论 鼻腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤易误诊为其它鼻腔原发性肿瘤,导致临床处理不当,延误治疗,与皮肤恶性黑色素瘤相比,鼻腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤更具有侵袭性、预后差等特点.     

Ex vivo stimulation of cord blood mononuclear cells by dexamethasone and interleukin-7 results in the maturation of interferon-gamma-secreting effector memory T cells

The effects of dexamethasone phosphate and interleukin‐7 upon the proliferation of T‐cells and the production of interferon‐γ in the newborn's cord blood mononuclear cell cultures were studied. The capability of dexamethasone to enhance T‐cell proliferation induced by anti‐CD3 with interleukin‐7 in some newborn cord blood mononuclear cell cultures was identified. Dexamethasone suppressed production of interferon‐γ in 68‐h cell cultures stimulated with anti‐CD3 both in the presence of interleukin‐7 and without it. However, a 68‐h cultivation of newborn blood cells with dexamethasone, anti‐CD3 and interleukin‐7 resulted in the accumulation of T‐lymphocytes capable of producing interferon‐γ after restimulation. As a result of it the amount of interferon‐γ producing CD7⁺ T‐cells and the concentration of interferon‐γ in cultural supernatants were maximal in the cell cultures incubated with anti‐CD3, interleukin‐7 and dexamethasone during the first 68 h and subsequently restimulated with phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate and ionomycin. The stimulation of neonatal or adult blood cells by dexamethasone, anti‐CD3 and interleukine‐7 also causes a decrease in the number of naïve T‐cells and central memory cells and an increase in the number of effector memory CD7⁺CD45RA⁺CD62L^– cells in cultures. It is possible that these effects are caused by the influence of dexamethasone on IL‐7 receptor expression: it is known that IL‐7 receptor alpha‐chain gene is a glucocorticoid‐inducible gene.     

鼻腔外侧壁的应用解剖

在60个头颅(男34,女26)120侧鼻腔外侧壁上观察测量了以下诸结构,结果:上鼻甲长15.9±2.9mm,宽4.7±1.1mm;中鼻甲长36.5±3.3mm,宽10.4±3.4mm;下鼻甲长42.7±3.6mm,宽12.3±1.7mm;半月裂长16.6±2.3mm;钩突长20.7±3.1mm,宽4.3±1.7mm;筛泡长19.2±4.1mm,高6.5±2.1mm,另外还测量了前鼻棘距上述各结构的距离.