酮康唑治疗真菌病的研究

酮康唑是由军事医学科学院放射医学研究所合成的治疗真菌病的一种咪唑类衍生物.经动物实验和临床应用表明,酮康唑在小鼠的LD_(50)为790±62mg/kg;小鼠一次灌胃酮康唑0.1～1.0mg/只的剂量范围内,骨髓CFU-C产率较对照组明显增多;六种真菌病105例病人应用酮康唑治疗后总有效率为97.1%,副作用发生率为9.5%,且不影响继续用药.     

Analyse des Dermatophytenvorkommens und der von Dermatophyten hervorgerufenen Hautinfektionen in der Slowakischen Sozialistischen Republik (SSR) im Zeitraum von 15 Jahren (1969 -1983)/Analysis of the Incidence of Dermatophytes and Dermatomycoses in the Slovak Socialist Republic (SSR) During a Period of 15 Years (1969–1983)

Zusammenfassung: In der Arbeit wird das Vorkommen von dermatophytischen Infektionen und ihrer Erreger auf dem Gebiet der SSR während des 15jährigen Zeitraumes in den Jahren 1969 — 1983 analysiert. Es wird besonders auf die steigende Morbidität durch T. rubrum-Infektionen aufmerksam gemacht. Der Favus wurde auf dem Gebiet der SSR eradiziert, das Vorkommen der Mikrosporie ist minimal und die Inzidenz der Trichophytie sinkt bedeutungsvoll.
Summary: A report is given on the incidence of dermatophytoses and their causative fungi in the Slovak Socialist Republic during a period of 15 years (1969–1983). The results show a remarkable increase of Trichophyton rubrum infections. Favus has disappeared from the territory of the SSR. Tinea capitis by Microsporum species (microsporia) has become a rare event The incidence of Trichophyton infections of animal origin has markedly decreased.     

Clinical evaluation of miconazole tincture in skin mycoses

Seventy-five out-patients (age limits 4–67 years, median age 28) with fungal infections of the skin were instructed to apply miconazole 2 % alcoholic solution to their lesions twice daily for a maximum of six weeks (fortnightly control examinations). Of the 63 patients (12 drop-outs), 55 were cured within the six treatment weeks; 24 of them were already cured by the end of the second week. The treatment seemed to be effective against all pathogens.

Zusammenfassung

Fünfundsiebzig ambulante Patienten (Alter 4-67 Jahre, Medianwert 28) mit Dermatomykosen wurden gebeten, eine 2 %-ige Miconazollösung in Alkohol zweimal täglich in ihre Läsionen einzureiben. Die Behandlungsdauer betrug sechs Wochen, und die Patienten wurden jede zweite Woche kontrolliert. Von 63 Patienten (12 beendeten die Studie frühzeitig) heilten 55 innerhalb der sechs Behandlungswochen ab; 24 von ihnen, mehr als ein Drittel, waren schon am Ende der zweiten Woche geheilt. Die Behandlung war gegen alle pathogenen Keime wirksam.     

特比萘芬与复方酮康唑治疗皮肤真菌病疗效的比较

目的特比萘芬与复方酮康唑治疗皮肤真菌病的疗效比较。方法患浅部真菌病病人60例,男性41例,女性19例,年龄(29±s9)A,随机分为特比萘芬组30例,应用特比萘芬软膏外涂患处,bid×2w;复方酮康唑组30例,外用复方酮康唑霜剂,bid×2w;在停药时及停药2w后观察疗效。结果治疗结束时,特比萘芬组总有效率为73%(22/30),复方酮康唑组为57%(17/30),P>0.05;停药2w后,特比萘芬组总有效率为97%(29/30),复方酮康唑组为47%(14/30),P<0.05。治疗结束时,特比萘芬组真菌清除率为83%,复方酮康唑组为53%,P<0.05,停药2w后,特比萘芬组真菌清除率为97%,复方酮康唑组为37%,P<0.01。2组均未见不良反应。结论特比萘芬治疗浅部真菌病优于复方酮康唑。     

Burden of illness of bacterial cellulitis and erysipelas of the leg in the Netherlands

BACKGROUND: Information on the prevalence of bacterial cellulitis (BC) and erysipelas (ER) of the leg (BCERL) is sparse and dependent on the definitions used. There is no information available on the number of hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients with BCERL, and related treatment costs. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the burden of illness for BCERL in the Netherlands in 2001. METHODS: Data were obtained from different linked databases. Hospital information was obtained from the National Morbidity Registration (known in the Netherlands as the LMR), which includes all Dutch citizens, using ICD-9-CM codes. The number of patients not admitted to hospital was estimated using a subsample with data from general practitioners (GPs) (N = 50,000). These data were extrapolated using age/gender and disease-specific standardization. The subsample was used to assess the location of the infection. Reimbursement costs were available for all resources. RESULTS: In 2001, approximately 28,000 patients presented with either BC or ER of the leg. Of these patients, 2,200 were admitted to the hospital and 4-6% had two or more episodes of ER/BC in 2001. The average costs per hospitalization for BCERL were 5,346 euros, accumulating to more than 14 million euros in 2001. Although only 7% of all patients were hospitalized, 83% of the total treatment costs could be attributed to hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: BCERL are common and serious infections in the Netherlands. Hospitalization occurs in only one in 14 patients but contributes more than 80% of the total costs, which accumulate to 17 million euros a year.     

Prevalence and causative agents of superficial mycoses in a textile factory in Adana,Turkey

This study was carried out in a textile factory settled in the city center of Adana, Turkey. The workers were evaluated for the presence of superficial mycoses and the interaction of their working environment or working condition. A total of 431 textile workers were included in the study, with a male to female ratio of 378 (87.7%) to 53 (12.3%) and an age range of 19-52 (mean: 33.7 +/- 6.8). Direct examination and/or culture revealed superficial mycoses in 73 (16.9%) workers, among them 56 (76.7%) were classified as dermatophytoses, 8 (11.0%) as Pityriasis versicolor while in nine (12.3%) of the cases, no causative agent could be determined. Trichophyton rubrum (57.1%) and T. mentagrophytes (42.9%) were the two species isolated on culture. This study emphasized that textile workers should be admitted as a risk group for superficial mycoses, especially tinea pedis.     

Skin and Nail Mycoses: Treatment with Ketoconazole, a New Oral Antimycotic Agent: Haut- und Nagelmykosen: Behandlung mit Ketoconazole, einem neuen oralen Antimykotikum

Summary: A new oral antimycotic, the imidazole drug ketoconazole, was tested in 67 cases of fungal infections of the skin or the nails. One tablet of 200 mg ketoconazole was given daily. Eighty-five per cent of the patients with dermatomycoses were clinically cured by the end of the six-week treatment. Among them were four patients with a persistent mycosis on the volar side of the hand. Most patients with onychomycoses were still being treated at the time of this evaluation. In all of them healthy nails had been normally growing again. No adverse effects were noted.
Zusammenfassung: Ein neues orales Antimykotikum, das Imidazol-Präparat Keto-conazol, wurde bei 67 Patienten mit Pilzinfektionen von Haut und Nägeln geprüft. Es wurde täglich eine Tablette zu 200 mg Ketoconazol verabreicht. Fünfundachtzig Pro-zent der Patienten mit Dermatomykosen waren am Ende der sechswöchigen Behandlung klinisdi geheilt. Darunter waren vier Patienten mit einer hartnäckigen Mykose an der Handfläche. Die meisten Patienten mit Onychomykosen wurden zur Zeit dieser Auswertung noch weiterbehandelt. Alle zeigten eine gesunde Nagelbildung. Es wurden keine Nebenwirkungen beobachtet.     

特比萘芬软膏与复方酮康唑乳膏治疗浅部真菌病疗效比较

目的特比萘芬与复方酮康唑外用治疗皮肤浅部真菌病的疗效比较。方法浅部真菌病患者60例,随机分为特比萘芬组30例(应用特比萘芬软膏外涂患处,Bid×2周)和复方酮康唑组30例(外用复方酮康唑乳膏,Bid×2周);在停药时及停药2周后观察疗效。结果治疗结束时,特比萘芬组总有效率为73%(22/30),明显高于复方酮康唑组为57%(17/30)(P<0.05);停药2周后,特比萘芬组总有效率为97%(29/30),明显高于复方酮康唑组为47%(14/30)(P<0.05)。治疗结束时,特比萘芬组真菌清除率为83%,明显高于复方酮康唑组为53%(P<0.05),停药2周后,特比萘芬组真菌清除率为97%,明显高于复方酮康唑组为37%(P<0.01)。2组均未见明显不良反应。结论特比萘芬治疗浅部真菌病疗效优于复方酮康唑。     

Isoconazole nitrate in the treatment of tropical dermatomycoses

Summary. A total of 54 patients with culturally proven tropical dermatomycoses, comprising 23 with various types of dermatophytoses, one with foot infection due to Trichosporon beigelii and one with foot infection due to Geotrichum candidum , two with candidoses of the groin and 27 with pityriasis versicolor, were included in a clinical trial of efficacy of 1% isoconazole cream (Travogen^R, Schering, Berlin, Germany). Five patients were not evaluable. A clinical and mycological cure was achieved in 29 cases in 3–4 weeks. In 15 (31%) of the remaining patients treatment was required for 5–6 weeks, while another three patients required treatment for 8 weeks. In two patients the disease proved to be resistant to treatment with the drug.
Zusammenfassung. Insgesamt 54 Patienten mit kulturell gesicherter Dermatomykose, (23 unterschiedliche Dermatophytosen, eine Trichosporon beigelii - und eine Geotrichum candidum -Fußinfektion, 2 Candidosen der Leistengegend und 27 Pityriasis versicolor) wurden in einer klinischen Wirksamkeits-studie mit 1% iger Isoconazol-Creme (Travogen^R, Schering, Berlin, Deutschland) behandelt. Fünf Patienten waren nicht auswertbar. Eine klinische und mykologische Heilung wurde bei 47 von 49 Patienten (96%) erreicht. Bei 29 patienten (59%) wurde die Heilung bereits nach 3–4 Wochen Behandlung erreicht. Weitere 15 Patienten (31%) benötigten 5–6 Wochen und drei Patienten 8 Wochen Behandlungsdauer. Zwei Mykosesituationen erwiesen sich als therapieresistent.