上海市普通外科病人静脉血栓栓塞症防治管理规范(2020版)

静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)是指各种病因(如静脉血滞缓、静脉壁血管内膜损伤或血液高凝等)导致血液在静脉系统不正常凝集的一组疾病,包括肺动脉栓塞(PE)和深静脉血栓形成(DVT)。上海市普通外科临床质量控制中心自2018年发布《上海市普通外科住院病人静脉血栓栓塞症防治管理规范》(以下简称2018版《规范》)至今已2年,推动了上海市普通外科围手术期血栓防治工作的推广,同时积累了上海在血栓防治方面的临床数据。截止至2019年9月,上海市二级以上医院已有88%建立VTE防控体系,在病史中包含了VTE风险评估表,并且大部分医院已有电子病案的嵌入或纸质病史的记录;84%的医院有VTE和PE的联合会诊团队;92%医院的普通外科已按照2018版《规范》为住院病人评估VTE风险,74%的科室在病人手术后再次评估VTE风险,38%的科室在出院前会再次为病人评估VTE风险。上海市普通外科在临床实践中防治VTE的理念和实践有了很大进步,但与先进国家和医院的防治实践相比仍有较大差距。     

Intraoperative Practice Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundConsiderable practice variability exists among orthopedic surgeons performing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study is to understand what TKA surgical and perioperative techniques are standard among high-volume academic knee arthroplasty surgeons.MethodsA written survey with 59 questions regarding management preferences in TKA was distributed by the 2018 John N. Insall Traveling Fellows to all arthroplasty-trained attending physicians at 13 medical centers, with 45 responses recorded.ResultsSurveyed surgeons performed unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (88%) and bilateral TKA (87%). Most surveyed surgeons rarely or never performed outpatient primary TKA (71%). Conventional alignment guides and cemented implants were used by 80% of respondents. Most surgeons used posterior-stabilized implants (67%), followed by cruciate-retaining (20%), ultracongruent (20%), and medial congruent or medial pivot designs (17.8%). Surveyed surgeons frequently or always resurfaced the patella (73%), used a tourniquet for the entire case (73%), and used tranexamic acid for all TKAs (91%). The most common locations for intra-articular anesthetic injection were the arthrotomy (91%), the periosteum (84%), and the medial posterior capsule (82%). Saline (62%) and dilute iodine (47%) were the most common irrigation fluids. The arthrotomy was most commonly closed with running barbed suture (60%) followed by interrupted vicryl (40%). Skin closure was predominantly with running monocryl (60%) followed by staples (29%). Anticoagulation for TKA was primarily aspirin 81 mg BID (60%).ConclusionThere was considerable variability among surgeons polled although a strong preference for more conventional and less developmental techniques prevailed.     

护理质量控制中心在提升基层医院护理管理质量中的作用

[目的]探讨护理质量控制中心在提升基层医院护理质量和管理水平的作用。[方法]护理质量控制中心指导基层医院建立完善的质量控制标准、质量评价体系,协助制订护士培训、检查、考核计划,并行使护理质量控制中心的监督、管理职责,促使各项制度得到有效落实。[结果]在护理质量控制中心的指导下,基层医院的护理管理体系、管理制度、评价体系逐步完善,护理人员业务水平、病人满意度及健康知识知晓率得到提升(P<0.05)。[结论]护理质量控制中心能在基层医院的护理质量管理中发挥积极作用。     

DRG支付方式改革下医院财务管理应对策略

通过探讨DRG支付方式改革下医院财务管理的应对策略,可以有效地降低医疗支付方式改革对医院财务管理的负面影响,促使医院财务管理在"危"与"机"的转换中抢抓机遇,促进医院财务管理提质增效。