葱属植物化学及药理研究进展

百合科（Ｌｉｌｉａｃｅａｅ）葱属（Ａｌｉｕｍ）植物约有５００种,我国有１１０种（包括变种和引进的外来种）,主要分布于东北、华北、西北及西南地区［１］。本属的不少品种既可食用也可药用,如小根蒜、蒜、韭、葱等［２］。对葱属植物的研究始于上世纪,国内外学者...     

Small round and spindle cell sarcoma with neuronal differentiation and oncocyte-like features of the thoracic wall: A case report with histological,immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations

A case of small round and spindle cell sarcoma with neuronal differentiation and oncocyte-like features is presented. The tumor was encountered in a 32 year old Japanese woman with an initial presentation of palpable tumor in the left lateral region of the thorax. The resected tumor was a partially well encapsulated whitish medullary one and consisted of small round and spindle tumor cells, together with so-called rhabdoid cells in the small round cell area. Although pseudorosettes were often observed, true rosette formation could not be detected anywhere. Ultrastructurally, despite a histologic variety of tumor cells, most tumor cells possessed numerous mitochondria, some of which occasionally contained abnormal filamentous or crystalloid structures. Various amounts of microfilaments were present in most tumor cells and microtubules were present in a few. A minority of small round cells possessed a small number of neurosecretory granules, especially in short cytoplasmic processes. A positive immunoreaction for neuron specific enolase was found by immunohistochemical examination in several small round tumor cells and for neurofilaments in lesser numbers. Despite the lack of S-100 protein, MB2 was detected in both small round and spindle cells. On the basis of these findings, the tumor of the present case corresponds to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with neuronal differentiation and oncocytic features.     

近红外光谱法快速分析小儿复方磺胺甲嗯唑颗粒的水分含量

目的利用近红外漫反射光谱（NIRDRS）分析技术和化学计量学方法对小儿复方磺胺甲嗯唑颗粒的水分含量进行快速定量分析。方法以全国不同企业生产的小儿复方磺胺甲嗯唑颗粒为分析对象,为扩大检测的浓度范围,通过恒温恒湿引湿的方法制得实验室制备样品,用光纤探头直接接触样品采集近红外漫反射光谱,采用偏最小二乘法（PLS）建立模型。结果小儿复方磺胺甲嗯唑颗粒水分定量分析模型由64个样本经内部交叉验证建立,42个样本用于外部验证,浓度范围为0．12％～6．15％,内部交叉验证相关系数（r）为0．9975,交叉验证均方差（RMSECV）为0．0835,外部验证均方差（RMSEP）为0．0865。结论建立的定量分析模型能对小儿复方磺胺甲嚷唑颗粒的水分含量进行准确、快速定量分析,方法简单可靠,可用于药品的现场快速分析。     

HPLC测定鱼腥草配方颗粒中槲皮素含量

目的:建立测定鱼腥草配方颗粒中槲皮素含量的HPLC方法.方法:采用正交试验优化鱼腥草配方颗粒的提取工艺,用HPLC测定鱼腥草配方颗粒中槲皮素的含量.色谱柱为Hypersil ODS C18柱(4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-0.2％磷酸( 45∶55),检测波长372 nm,流速1.0 mL·min-1,柱温30℃.结果:槲皮素在0.09 ～1.44 μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为100.6％,RSD 1.68％(n=6).结论:该方法简便、快速、重复性好,可作为鱼腥草配方颗粒中槲皮索的含量测定方法.     

Targeting cancer stem cells: a new therapy to cure cancer patients

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been defined as cells within tumor that possess the capacity to self-renew and to cause the heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that comprise the tumor. They have been identified in blood, breast, brain, colon, melanoma, pancreatic, prostate, ovarian, lung cancers and so on. It is often considered to be associated with chemo-resistance and radio-resistance that lead to the failure of traditional therapies. Most therapies are directed at the fast growing tumor mass but not the slow dividing cancer stem cells. Eradicating cancer stem cells, the root of cancer origin and recurrence, has been thought as a promising approach to improve cancer survival or even to cure cancer patients. Understanding the characteristics of cancer stem cells will help to develop novel therapies to eliminate the initiating cancer stem cell, and the relevant patents on the cancer stem cell and cancer therapy by cancer stem cells will be discussed.     

高效液相色谱法测定苏贝止咳颗粒中黄芩苷的含量

目的建立苏贝止咳颗粒中黄芩苷的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇∶水∶磷酸(53∶47∶0.2);流速为1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长为280 nm。结果黄芩苷在0.115 6～3.70μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 9。平均回收率为99.51%,RSD为0.88%。结论该方法简单、灵敏度高,可用于苏贝止咳颗粒中黄芩苷的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定复方荔枝草颗粒剂中高车前苷含量

目的 :建立测定复方荔枝草颗粒剂中高车前苷含量的高效液相色谱法。方法 :以KF -C18(2 5 0mm× 4 6mm ,10 μm)为分析柱 ,流动相为甲醇 -水 -pH 3 5的 1 0mol·L-1磷酸盐缓冲液 (4 0∶5 5∶5 ) ;柱温为 45℃ ;检测波长为 335nm ;流速为 1 0mL·min-1,采用面积外标法。结果 :线性范围 3 12× 10 -3 ～ 0 2 0 μg ,平均回收率为 96 96 %～ 10 1 5 % ,RSD <0 6 9% (n =3)。结论 :本法简便、灵敏、重现性好 ,可用于测定该颗粒剂高车前苷的含量和质量标准的控制。     

复合（混）肥中磷的形态及其在土壤中的作用

介绍磷酸盐的特性。提出在复合（混）肥生产中应合理配料,并控制好生产工艺,减少水溶磷在复合（混）肥中的退化。磷肥在不同类型土壤中的退化机理不同,大部分磷以金属磷酸盐和羟基磷灰石的形式储存在土壤中。磷在土壤中退化得很快,在一定的土壤和气候条件下,施用水溶性磷肥并非经济。在复合（混）肥生产中控制适当的水溶磷比例,既可满足作物生长的需要,又可减少土壤对磷的固定,提高施肥效益。     

贯黄感冒颗粒(无糖型)质量标准研究

目的建立贯黄感冒颗粒(无糖型)的质量控制标准。方法采用薄层色谱法鉴别制剂中的路边青和马来酸氯苯那敏;采用高效液相色谱法对马来酸氯苯那敏进行含量测定。结果马来酸氯苯那敏线性范围在0．2～1．2ug,相关系数r=0．9999;回收率96．8％,变异系数为1．2％(n=5)。结论本法简便,快速,测定结果准确,可以用于贯黄感冒颗粒(无糖型)的质量控制。     

Mesothelioma associated with use of drywall joint compound: a case series and review of literature

Abstract

Background: Drywall joint compound contained asbestos fibers, primarily chrysotile, in the 1950s through the 1970s. Workers in a variety of construction trades and homeowners were exposed to respirable asbestos from the use of these products, including during handling, mixing, sanding, and sweeping. Disturbance of in-place asbesto-containing joint compound continues to be a potential source of exposure during demolition or repair of wallboard. Studies from the 1970s and 1980s report air fiber measurements above current and historic regulatory limits during intended usage, and typical asbestos-related disease in drywall construction workers.

Objectives: We present three cases of mesothelioma in which the only known exposure to asbestos was from joint compound and review the literature on exposure circumstances, dose and fiber types.

Conclusions: Physicians treating mesothelioma patients should obtain a history of exposure to these products during work or home remodeling.