高频超声在睾丸肿瘤诊断中的应用

睾丸肿瘤占男性全身肿瘤的1%～2%,绝大多数为恶性[1].睾丸肿瘤较早即可发生转移,故早期发现并了解有无转移,对睾丸肿瘤的临床治疗有重要意义.我们对43例睾丸肿瘤的超声检查资料进行了回顾性分析,以探讨高频彩色多普勒超声对睾丸肿瘤诊断的应用价值.     

常见浅表软组织肿块的超声诊断分析

目的探讨高频超声及彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）对常见软组织肿块的诊断价值。方法应用高频超声二雏和CDFI对147例浅表软组织肿块患者进行检查,全部病例经手术、穿刺及病理对照。结果浅表软组织肿块超声检出率100％,诊断符合率87％,且多数软组织肿块均有各自特征性表现。结论高频超声对浅表软组织肿块检出率高,在一定程度上可提供定性诊断,具有一定的临床价值。     

颈动脉彩色多普勒超声对老年高血压患者颈动脉病变情况诊断价值

目的探讨颈动脉彩色多普勒超声对老年高血压患者颈动脉病变情况诊断价值。方法抽取60例老年高血压患者与57例健康者分别设为病例组与对照组,均行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声,比较两组检查结果。结果病例组颈动脉狭窄率为88.3%,斑块形成率为80.00%,内膜中层厚度(IMT)、颈动脉内径(D)、阻力指数(RI)均较对照组高(P <0.05);病例组颈内动脉、颈总动脉最大剪切率(SR)以及收缩期峰值流速(PSV)均低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论颈动脉彩色多普勒超声对老年高血压患者颈动脉病变具有较高诊断价值,值得推广。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断下肢深静脉血栓的价值。方法对32例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者进行检查,观察血栓形成的部位、大小、栓塞程度。结果32例(35条患肢)下肢深静脉血栓形成,其中单发于左下肢20例,单发于右下肢9例,双下肢同时患病3例。彩色多普勒超声诊断正确31例(96.9%),1例漏诊(3.1%)。结论彩色多普勒超声对下肢深静脉血栓的诊断具有重要价值,应作为无创性检查的首选方法。     

牙科着色氧化钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷的制备及颜色性能

目的添加不同着色剂组合配制着色的牙科氧化钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆（3Y-TZP）陶瓷,并测定其颜色性能。方法将TZ-3Y-S粉体与一定组分的着色剂球磨混合后,在200 MPa压力下等静压成型,在1 500 ℃烧结2 h,烧制5种具有一定颜色的氧化锆材料,每个颜色组分别制备10 mm×10 mm×0.5 mm和10 mm×10 mm×1 mm着色氧化锆陶瓷片,在黑色背景下用柯尼卡美能达CM-2600d分光光度计进行颜色测定,并与VITA In-Ceram YZ染色液比色板颜色作比较。结果通过对粉体进行着色,配制出具有一定颜色的本体着色氧化锆陶瓷材料,颜色明度逐级降低,饱和度逐渐增大,2种厚度3Y-TZP陶瓷的颜色片色差较小,颜色空间范围是L*：67.76～77.78;a*：-2.19～3.80;b*：12.13～25.01。与VITA In-Ceram YZ染色液比色板相比,颜色空间近似,但明度的最低值仍较高。结论着色氧化锆陶瓷材料适宜用于临床上与饰面瓷颜色匹配,有必要再进一步研究低明度的着色氧化锆色片。     

Selected Physical and Spectroscopic Properties of TPS Moldings Enriched with Durum Wheat Bran

The impact of the amount of durum wheat bran additive used on the selected structural, mechanical, and spectroscopic properties of thermoplastic starch moldings was examined in this study. Bran was added to corn starch from 10 to 60% by weight in the blends. Four temperature settings were used for the high-pressure injection: 120, 140, 160, and 180 °C. The highest value of elongation at break (8.53%) was observed for moldings containing 60% bran. Moreover, for these moldings, the tensile strength and flexural strength were lower (appropriately 3.43 MPa and 27.14 MPa). The highest deformation at break (1.56%) were obtained for samples with 60% bran and injection molded at 180 °C. We saw that higher bran content (50 and 60%) and a higher injection molding temperature (160 °C and 180 °C) significantly changed the color of the samples. The most significant changes in the FTIR spectra were observed at 3292 and 1644 cm⁻¹ and in the region of 1460–1240 cm⁻¹. Moreover, notable changes were observed in the intensity ratio of bands at 1015 and 955 cm⁻¹. The changes observed correspond well with the amount of additive used and with the injection temperature applied; thus it may be considered as a marker of interactions affecting plasticization of the material obtained.     

Color Change after 25% Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching with Photoactivation: A Methodological Assessment Using Spectrophotometer versus Digital Photographs

This study aimed to evaluate the color change of teeth bleached with light activation using two different objective color measurement approaches after two years of clinical follow-up. A cross-sectional retrospective clinical study according to STROBE was followed including 30 participants. The 25% hydrogen peroxide gel (Philips Zoom) was applied with a supplementary LED light for 15 min in four cycles. Tooth color was assessed based on CIEL*a*b* values using a spectrophotometer (Spectroshade) at different time points (baseline, post bleaching, 1 week, 1 year, and 2 years). Standardized digital photographs were taken at each time point. The L*, a*, and b* values were measured from the digital photographs using Adobe Photoshop software. The color difference (ΔE) was separately calculated using the L*, a*, and b* values obtained with spectrophotometric and photographic analyses at each evaluation time. Data were analyzed with non-parametric tests (p < 0.05). A color regression was detected by both measurement approaches after 1 and 2 years (p < 0.05). Greater ΔE values were acquired with the spectrophotometer compared to the digital photographic analysis (p < 0.05). Although a greater color change was observed with the spectrophotometer, both approaches were able to detect the color rebound using the 25% hydrogen peroxide light-activated in-office system. Digital photographic analysis might therefore be used to assess color change after bleaching.     

九蒸九制何首乌色泽与二苯乙烯苷、蒽醌类成分的相关性分析

目的:应用数学模型研究"九蒸九制"何首乌色泽与化学成分含量之间的变化规律,分析两者之间的相关性.方法:通过薄层扫描仪采集图像,将采集的图像依次通过MATLAB R2018软件进行程序代码分析,使RGB色空间模型转化为HSI色空间模型,计算得到H、S、I粉末色度值,HPLC法测定二苯乙烯苷、游离蒽醌和总蒽醌的含量.采用S...     

胎儿大脑中动脉血流在高危妊娠中应用价值的研究进展

胎儿大脑中动脉（MCA）是胎儿大脑血流供应最丰富的血管,对反映胎儿脑部血液循环改变及血氧情况的变化有重要的临床应用价值。正常妊娠时,随着孕周增加,胎儿脑部发育逐渐完善,胎儿MCA彩色多普勒超声血流信号指标的变化呈抛物线模式。在高危妊娠中,胎盘功能不足、血管阻力增加与不良妊娠结局之间呈一定的相关性。MCA具有自身调节功能,当胎儿的内外环境出现变化时如缺氧等可导致MCA的血流动力学发生改变,而胎儿MCA彩色多普勒超声的各项血流信号指标也呈异常的变化趋势。彩色多普勒超声检查胎儿MCA血流动力学指标对母儿双方安全、无创、方便以及可重复性高,可用来反映胎儿的一系列病理生理改变,成为近年来临床评估胎儿生长发育和宫内安危状况的重要监测手段。。     

川芎嗪注射液对糖尿病视网膜病变眼血流动力学的影响

目的 探讨不同剂量川芎嗪注射液对糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)患眼血流动力学的影响.方法 将69例DR患者随机分成120 mg剂量组(36例)、240 mg剂量组(33例),静脉给药,每日1次,15d为1个疗程,间隔2周,共2个疗程,用药30 d.治疗前后采用彩色多普勒血流显像(color doppler flow imaging,CDFI)检测各组病例的眼视网膜中央动脉(central retinal artery,CRA),睫状后动脉(posterior ciliary artery,PCA)及眼动脉(ophthalmic artery,OA)的收缩期峰值血流速度(peak systolic velocity,PSV),舒张末 期血流速度(end diastolic velocity,EDV)和阻力指数(resistance index,RI),各项指标均测量三次取其平均值.结果 2组治疗后,CRA、PCA及OA的PSV、EDV增加,RI值降低,比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);各指标组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).240 mg组中个别病例有不良反应发生.结论 2种剂量的川芎嗪注射液均能明显改善DR患者的眼部循环,并且效果接近,使用120 mg的剂量治疗DR更为安全、经济.