The Role of Autonomy Needs in Suicidal Ideation: Integrating the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide and Self-Determination Theory

This study investigated the role of autonomy satisfaction in the development of suicidal ideation by integrating two theoretical models of suicide-related behaviors. The first hypothesized a direct effect of autonomy on suicidal ideation. The second hypothesized an indirect effect of autonomy on suicidal ideation via perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. This was a cross-sectional study of 449 college students, who were predominantly female (73.1%) and Hispanic (70.6%), with a mean age of 20.40 years (SD = 4.38, range 18–50 years). Participants were recruited from a psychology participant pool and completed self-report survey measures for course credit. The model of indirect effects provided the best fit to the data; relatedness, autonomy, and competence were significantly associated with higher thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, which, in turn, were significantly associated with higher suicidal ideation. Future studies should test this model longitudinally and consider autonomy as a possible avenue for the prevention of suicide-related behaviors.     

贵州地区1244名高职新生乙肝病毒感染情况调查

用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)对入校的1 244名贵州地区高职新生乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染情况进行检测,结果1 244名高职新生HBV感染率为12.70%(158/1244),抗-HBs阳性率为11.74%(146/1244),5项标志物全阴性为75.56%(940/1244)。高校新生抗-HBs阳性率较低,因此需做好学生乙肝防治知识的宣教及疫苗接种工作。     

应用格林模式对在校大学生日常行为开展健康教育诊断的研究?

目的：了解某校在校大学生健康问题及相关行为,为对大学生的行为和生活方式进行干预提供基础和依据。方法通过问卷和访谈的方法,依据格林模式的思路对在校大学生进行社会学诊断、流行病学诊断、行为与环境诊断、教育与生态诊断和管理与政策诊断进行调查研究。结果在校大学生存在抵抗力低、睡眠问题、精神状态欠佳和肠胃疾病等亚健康问题,这与其体育运动量少、熬夜、饮食不规律等不健康的生活方式和行为习惯有密切关系,部分学生对该问题认识不足。结论应从学生不良行为习惯的倾向因素、促成因素和强化因素着手,通过恰当的健康教育方式和合理的学校管理制度等方式进行纠正,从而规范学生个人的行为养成,建立起健康的生活行为习惯,提高生命质量。     

An Evaluation of e-CHECKUP TO GO in Canada: The Mediating Role of Changes in Social Norm Misperceptions

Background: Alcohol use and related problems are key concerns among colleges, and web-based interventions to mitigate these issues are increasingly popular across campuses. A variety of programs are commercially available and have demonstrated efficacy in reducing alcohol use and consequences; however, little is known about how these programs reduce alcohol outcomes. Objectives: The e-CHECKUP TO GO program (e-CHUG) is the briefest electronic intervention available and over 600 institutions are using it internationally. The present study evaluates the impact of the e-CHUG program on drinking outcomes and examines changes in perceived norms as a potential mediator of intervention efficacy in a sample of first-year Canadian university residence students. This is the first Canadian evaluation of e-CHUG. Methods: First year Canadian university students (N = 245) living in residence in August 2014 participated in a randomized control trial to evaluate the efficacy of e-CHUG program compared to an assessment-only control condition. Follow-up assessments were completed at 3-months and 5-months. Norm misperceptions and drinking outcomes were measured. Results: At 3-month and 5-month follow-up assessments program participants had lower norm misperceptions about peers drinking compared to control participants. Changes in norm misperceptions at 3-months mediated the effect of the program on drinking outcomes at 5-months. There were no sex differences in the associations. Conclusions/Importance: Findings suggest that e-CHECKUP TO GO may be a promising strategy for addressing norm misperceptions and subsequently drinking for Canadian students.     

医学院女大学生自主神经系统功能状况及其影响因素分析

目的通过对医学院女大学生心率变异性的测量,了解其自主神经系统功能状况,分析其影响因素,为改善女大学生自主神经功能,促进其身心健康提供科学依据。方法 2015年6-10月选取422名吉林省某综合大学医学院女大学生为研究对象,采取自填式问卷方法,对其心率变异性进行测查。结果医学院女大学生自主神经系统活性偏低的检出率为37.0%,自主神经系统均衡性异常的检出率为71.1%;多因素Logistic回归结果显示,压力大和睡眠质量差分别是医学院女大学生自主神经系统活性和自主神经系统均衡性的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论医学院女大学生自主神经功能异常问题突出,应及时采取缓解压力、改善睡眠质量、加强体育锻炼等措施提高自主神经功能,促进女大学生身心健康。     

师范生顶岗实习前入职焦虑的调查研究

目的调查在湖南临湘、新晃、浏阳3地顶岗实习的某校175名学生的焦虑水平和担心事件,通过评估焦虑情绪的现状来确定职前培训的心理干预重点。方法以实习前担心情况调查表和人口学调查表作为测评工具,通过个别测试和团体施测相结合的方法在临湘、浏阳、新晃三个实习基地进行问卷调查。结果顶岗实习生的焦虑均分为(3.16±1.12),男、女生的焦虑水平存在显著的性别差异[(2.95±1.04)vs.(3.38±1.64),P0.001],三地实习生的焦虑水平差异有统计学意义[(3.21±1.25)、(3.12±1.59)、(3.09±1.72),P0.01]。结论顶岗实习生入职前的焦虑水平较高,且存在明显的性别差异和地方差异。