细胞因子在玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后并发性白内障患者房水中的表达

目的 比较玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后并发性白内障患者与年龄相关性白内障患者房水中细胞因子的表达差异情况,探讨细胞因子与并发性白内障的相关性。设计 实验研究。研究对象 北京同仁医院因玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后3个月~6年需手术治疗的并发性白内障患者（实验组）19例（19眼）及需手术治疗的年龄相关性白内障患者（对照组）11例（11眼）。方法 每例受试者白内障手术中收集房水0.1～0.2 ml,通过流式细胞仪检测房水中细胞因子IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-γ的表达。主要指标 上述8种细胞因子的表达量。结果 实验组中IL-6的表达量（199635.64±28156.5 fg/ml）及IL-10的表达量（273.57±206.7 fg/ml）均明显高于正常对照组 （3340.96±1970.36 fg/ml）及（117.45±64.77 fg/ml）（P均＜0.05）。其余6种细胞因子表达两组间差异则无统计学意义。结论 玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后并发性白内障患者房水中细胞因子IL-6、IL-10含量较高,可能与并发性白内障的形成或加速有关。（眼科,2013,22：269-272）     

Experimental retinal tolerance to very low viscosity silicone oil (100 cs) as a vitreous substitute compared to higher viscosity silicone oil (5000 cs)

We evaluated the toxicity of very low viscosity (100 centistokes) and higher viscosity silicone oil (5000 centistokes) in rabbit eyes as a short-to-long-term postoperative vitreous substitute (6 weeks to 5 months). Emulsification of 100-cs and 5000-cs silicone oil did not occur in eyes which were followed for as long as 5 months. No toxic effects to retinal cells were detected by light or electron microscopy. Because no toxic effects were seen with 100-cs silicone oil, it can be used in an outpatient setting as a short-term postoperative tamponading agent. Electroretinographic responses of silicone-injected eyes were normal.     

严重硅油乳化取出联合白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术

目的 观察眼内硅油填充2至5年严重乳化,硅油抽出联合白内障摘出人工晶状体植入,术中和术后情况.方法 对于25例(26眼)硅油眼内填充2～5年后严重乳化者,先冲洗出前房硅油乳化油滴,及进行房角分离术,再行晶状体超声乳化吸出术,缝合角膜切口,再经巩膜切口抽吸硅油,查看视网膜情况后,最后经角膜切口植入人工晶状体.结果 术后随访6 ～18个月,角膜均未见水肿或失代偿.眼压升高12例(12眼),噻吗心安滴眼,2周后眼压恢复正常.均未出现视网膜再次脱离或人工晶状体移位,术后视力均较术前提高.结论 对于严重硅油乳化且无法观察眼底者要及时取出硅油,手术步骤的安排和手术技巧是成功的关键,而且必须联合晶体摘出,减少再次手术.     

Arachidonate-enriched triglyceride oil does not promote tumor development in a rat medium-term multi-organ carcinogenesis model

The modifying potential on tumor development of arachidonate-enriched triglyceride oil (ARA-oil) containing approximately 40% arachidonic acid was investigated in a medium-term multi-organ carcinogenesis bioassay using male and female F344 rats. The animals were sequentially given five carcinogens with different target sites in the first 4 weeks, and then administered ARA-oil for 24 weeks at dietary levels of 0% (control), 1.25%, 2.5% or 5.0%. No statistically significant differences in incidences and multiplicities of hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions were showed in the large intestine in either sex. In the liver, kidney, and lung in both sexes, and the mammary gland and uterus in females, tumor promoting potential was not evident with ARA-oil treatment. ARA-oil did not affect the quantitative data for glutathione S-transferase placental form positive foci of the liver. Increased induction of hyperplastic or neoplastic lesions in the urinary bladder and thyroid in ARA-oil-treated groups was without dose dependence. In addition, a second experiment with ARA-oil only administration for 8-week revealed no effects on cellular proliferation in the urinary bladder or thyroid in either sex. These results indicate that ARA-oil has no tumor promoting potential in any organs or tissues initiated with the five carcinogens applied in the present study.     

莪术油明胶微球用于肝动脉栓塞

目的　制备符合肝动脉栓塞要求的莪术油明胶微球(ZT-GMS)。方法　用正交设计优化了微球的制备工艺,对微球的制备工艺、粉体学性质、体外释药、初步稳定性和初步药效进行了研究。结果　球径在40～160 μm的微球占97.16%,平均产率为89.73%,平均含药量为2.13%,平均包封率为19.36%(均以莪术醇计)。体外释药12 h达80%,符合一级动力学模型,释药机理为溶蚀加扩散。稳定性考察实验结果表明其稳定性较好。肝动脉栓塞荷瘤大鼠实验结果表明大鼠平均生存率显著延长(P<0.01),肿瘤体积显著减小(P<0.01)。结论　微球的制备工艺及粒径分布较好,体外释药有明显的缓释作用,有一定疗效。     

GC-MS对鸡蛋花挥发油成分研究

目的:用气相色谱-质谱法对鸡蛋花挥发性成分进行研究。方法:用挥发油测定器提取鸡蛋花挥发油,再用GC-MS法鉴定挥发油中的化学成分。结果:在鸡蛋花挥发油中共分离出49种成分,初步鉴定出43种成分。结论:鸡蛋花挥发油中主要成分为十六烷酸、十四烷酸和亚油酸等脂肪酸及反式苦橙醇、β-芳樟醇和反式香叶醇等萜类化合物。     

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties of Cyclotrichium niveum, Thymus praecox subsp. caucasicus var. caucasicus, Echinacea purpurea and E. pallida

The dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of Cyclotrichium niveum (CN) and Thymus praecox subsp. caucasicus var. caucasicus (TP), Echinacea purpurea (EPU), and E. pallida (EPA) along with the essential oils of CN and TP were assessed for their anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antioxidant activities. AChE inhibition was estimated using spectrophotometric method of Ellman. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferrous ion-chelating power tests. Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of CN and TP were also tested. CN essential oil was found to contain isomenthone (56.21%) and pulegone (19.76%). The ethyl acetate (83.11–87.98%) and dichloromethane (73.45–84.02%) extracts of CN showed the highest AChE inhibition. The ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of TP exerted significant DPPH scavenger effect. The water extracts of CN and TP and the chloroform extract of the aerial parts of EPU displayed the highest ferrous ion-chelating effect. The leaf and flower essential oils of TP had the best FRAP.     

HPLC-ELSD测定莪术油注射液中聚山梨酯80的含量

目的用HPLC-ELSD测定莪术油注射液中聚山梨酯80的含量。方法色谱柱：TSK-GEL G2000 SWXL柱（7.8mm×300 mm,5μm）,流动相：20 mmol·L-1乙酸铵-乙腈（90∶10）;流速为0.6 mL·min-1;ELSD条件：漂移管（气化室）温度103℃,氮气流速2.3 L·min-1。结果该测定方法线性范围为：2.259~28.235μg,线性关系良好（r=0.997 8）;加样回收率为102.5%（n=6,RSD=1.73%）;重复性试验的RSD为0.60%（n=6）。结论本方法快速、准确、稳定,可用于莪术油注射液中聚山梨酯80的质量控制。     

超选择碘化油动脉化疗栓塞治疗支气管肺癌的效果

目的探讨超选择碘化油动脉化疗栓塞治疗支气管肺癌的效果。方法搜集2002年1月至2011年12月57例经病理证实的中晚期支气管肺癌,确认肿瘤供血动脉后行超选择支气管动脉化疗栓塞治疗,治疗后1个月记录患者临床症状、肿瘤大小改变情况及并发症发生情况。结果本组患者中支气管肺癌右侧支-肋共干占14．0％（8／57）,双侧支气管动脉供血占5．3％（3／57）,左、右支气管动脉共干占5．3％（3／57）,肋间动脉参与供血占7．0％（4／57）,胸廓内动脉参与供血占1．8％（1／57）;57例患者均成功实施了碘化油动脉化疗栓塞治疗,患者术后临床症状减轻,部分消失,肿瘤供血动脉阻断,肿瘤发生缺血坏死,瘤体缩小。治疗后完全缓解率为66．7％（38／57）,总有效率为84．2％（48／57）,无变化为10．5％（6／57）,进展为5．3％（3／57）。结论超选择碘化油动脉化疗栓塞疗法可以明显缓解症状,提高患者的生存质量,是治疗支气管肺癌的有效方法。     

广藿香药材的高效薄层色谱指纹图谱研究

目的 建立广藿香药材不同提取部位的高效薄层色谱(HPTLC)指纹图谱,通过比较分析来评价商品广藿香药材的质量.方法 采用硅胶GF254高效预制薄层板,广藿香挥发油以石油醚-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(10∶3∶0.05)为展开剂,喷50 g·L-1香草醛浓硫酸,于105℃加热,置可见光下检视;石油醚部位分别以石油醚-乙酸乙酯-甲酸(10∶1.5∶0.05、10∶3∶0.05)为展开剂,分别喷50 g·L-1香草醛浓硫酸和50 g·L-1三氯化铝乙醇,于105℃加热后分别置可见光下和紫外灯(366 nm)下检视;甲醇部位以石油醚-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸(7.5∶1.8∶1∶0.125)为展开剂,喷50 g·L-1三氯化铝乙醇溶液,于105℃加热后,置紫外灯(366 nm)下检视;将广藿香不同提取部位的HPTLC指纹图谱导入指纹图谱系统解决方案软件(Chromap 1.5)中生成共有模式,并进行相似度分析.结果 广藿香挥发油的指纹图谱与对照品对照,指认了其中的百秋李醇成分;石油醚部位图谱经香草醛浓硫酸显色,由8个特征条带构成,且指认了百秋李醇成分,经三氯化铝乙醇显色,由10个特征条带构成;甲醇部位图谱由10个特征条带构成.结论 不同商品的广藿香挥发油所含化学成分相似.石油醚部位提取的脂溶性物质,经香草醛浓硫酸显色后的化学成分相似,经三氯化铝乙醇显色后的化学成分因商品不同而差异较大.甲醇部位化学成分因商品不同相差很大.以上各部位的薄层色谱,尤其是石油醚部位经不同显色剂显色得到的指纹图谱可作为一种简便、快速的方法用于鉴定不同商品广藿香药材的质量.