西沙必利在腹膜氧合治疗急性肺损伤中对循环和呼吸的影响

目的:探讨西沙必利在腹膜氧合治疗急性肺损伤中对循环和呼吸的影响。方法:24 只家兔经油酸诱发急性肺损伤模型后,随机分为3组,每组8只,分别为腹膜氧合组(A组)、腹膜氧合西沙必利组(B组)、非腹膜氧合西沙必利组(C组)。观察每组在急性肺损伤出现后1 h、2 h、4 h心率、平均动脉压、呼吸次数的变化。结果:A、B组在氧合后平均动脉压有显著改善(P<0.05),C组则改善不明显(P>0.05);3 组间呼吸次数的变化无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在腹膜氧合治疗急性肺损伤过程中,西沙必利对循环和呼吸没有显著影响。     

Comparative evaluation of DQ-2511, a novel gastroprokinetic agent,with cisapride in ameliorative action on experimentally induced delayed gastric emptying

We compared the main pharmacological effect of DQ-2511 (3-[[[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-ethyl]carbamoyl]methyl]amino -N- methylbenzamide), a novel gastroprokinetic agent, with that of cisapride. Single oral administration of DQ-2511 (3–10 mg kg^?1) caused similar significant improvements to delays in gastric emptying of semi-solid meals evoked by chole-cystokinin-octapeptide (CCK₈: 5 μ kg^?1, i.v.) in monkeys, to that with cisapride (3 mg kg^?1). A 2-week oral treatment of unilaterally vagotomized rats with DQ-2511 (1–10 mg kg^?1) lessened delays in gastric emptying, whereas cisapride (0.3–10 mg kg^?1) had no effect under the same experimental protocols. In anesthetized rats, bolus intravenous injection of either compound (60 μg kg^?1) enhanced gastric motility determined by means of strain gauge force transducers. Electrophysiological investigations revealed that bolus injection of DQ-2511 (6–60 μ kg^?1) depressed the afferent discharge rate of the ventral gastric branch of the vagus nerve, while cisapride showed no effect. These results suggest that the mechanism of ameliorative action of DQ-2511 on delayed gastric emptying may differ from that of cisapride.     

Cisapride for Constipation in Spinal Cord Injured Patients: A Preliminary Report

Abstract

Chronic constipation in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) has significant impact on quality of life. To measure baseline clinical functioning, colonic transit time and anorectal manometry and the effect of cisapride on these clinical and physiological parameters, we studied 12 SCI patients. Patients initially received baseline clinical scoring, measurement of colonic transit time and anorectal manometry. Patients then received cisapride 20 mg orally three times each day. After one and three months of cisapride therapy, all measurements were repeated. The mean duration of cisapride treatment was 5.2 months. Six of 12 (50 percent) reported that symptoms of constipation improved. No patient had worsening of symptoms. Prior to cisapride treatment, 23 percent of patients passed colonic transit markers by day five and 57 percent by day seven; baseline anal manometry revealed variable resting and squeeze pressures. After treatment, 33 percent of patients passed their colonic transit markers by day five and 71 percent by day seven. Six of 12 (50 percent) demonstrated a 10 percent or more increase in resting anal canal pressures. We conclude that about 50 percent of SCI patients have subjective improvement in constipation after cisapride therapy. Cisapride appears to improve both colonic and anorectal function. (J Spinal Cord Med, 8:240–244)     

兔血浆及脏器中西沙必利薄层扫描测定法

目的建立薄层扫描法测定血浆中西沙必利浓度.方法样品经醋酸乙酯提取后,乙醇定容,点样于硅胶GF254-硅胶G(5:3)板后,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(10:0.8)为展开剂,展开,斑点于岛津CS-930扫描仪λs=307nm,λR=360nm处进行扫描.结果标准曲线在0.20～10.0μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为97.92%,RSD=3.8%(n=9).用此法测定了家兔灌胃西沙必利后的血浆浓度,绘制了药-时曲线.结论本法灵敏、易行,可用于药代动力学研究及临床监测.     

2型糖尿病患者胃排空影响因素及西沙必利治疗观察

[目的]探讨2型糖尿病患者胃排空影响因素、单光子发射计算机断层摄影（SPECT）显影技术和B超在糖尿病性胃轻瘫诊断中的应用及西沙必利治疗效果.[方法]①对120例2型糖尿病进行临床分析.②120例2型糖尿病随机分为两组：A组应用核素^99mTc-SC标记固体试餐,SPECT显像技术检测胃半排空时间（T1/2）;B组予B超检测T1/2.两组均检测空腹血糖（FBG）和糖基化血红蛋白（HbA1c）.③胃T1/2延迟者予西沙必利30 mg,/d,疗程均为1个月,复查胃T1/2.[结果]①糖尿病性胃轻瘫的发生与年龄、病程、空腹血糖、糖基化血红蛋白、神经病变及微血管病变呈正相关（P＜0.01）;②A组60例患者中24例（40.0%）胃T1/2延迟;B组：60例患者中22例（36.7%）.两种检查方法的检出率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;③西沙必利治疗A组有效率为91.7%,B组为90.9%.[结论]糖尿病性胃轻瘫与年龄、病程、高血糖、神经病变及微血管病变相关;SPECT显像技术与B超检出率相似,但不排除与病例数少有关.患者对这两种检查方法耐受性好,但SPECT显像技术费用高,不利于广泛开展,而B超价廉,易于临床使用.西沙必利是有力的促进胃动力的药物,对糖尿病性胃轻瘫有一定的改善胃排空的疗效.     

Study on the preventive effects of different drugs on reflux esophagitis inrats

Objective: To observe the damage of mixed reflux to the rat esophageal mucosa, and investigate the preventive effects of cisapride, nabumetone and hydrotalcite on the damaged esophageal mucosa. Methods: Three hundred sixty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were treated as esophagoduodenostomy and divided into four groups in random. Group Y:operation + saline as positive controls; Group P: operation + cisapride; Group R: operation + nabumetone; Group D: operation + hydrotalcite. Different drugs were perfused in the 1st week after operation. The lesions of esophageal mucosa were observed in the 5th, 9th, 13th, 17th, 22nd, 28th, 35th and 40th week respectively, and evaluated the preventive effects of these drugs. Results: The lesions of esophageal mucosa in group Y were more severe than other three groups in different time ( P < 0.05), and the incidence of Barrett' s esophagus(BE), severe atypical hyperplasia and esophageal adenocarcino-ma (EAC) in group Y were higher than others. After 22 weeks, the lesions in gro     

国产与进口法莫替丁片治疗非糜烂性胃食管反流病的经济学评价

目的比较国产与进口法莫替丁片治疗非糜烂性胃食管反流病（NERD）的经济性及疗效。方法将50例NERD患者分成观察组和对照组。对照组用进口法莫替丁片＋埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片＋西沙必利片,观察组用国产法莫替丁片＋埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片＋西沙必利片。结果观察组治愈率为68.00%,有效率为28.00%,无效率为4.00%,总有效率为96.00%;对照组治愈率为72.00%,有效率为20.00%,无效率为8.00%,总有效率为92.00%。两组间疗效比较,差异均无显著性（P〉0.05）。两组患者均未见明显不良反应。法莫替丁片国产价格低于进口。结论国产法莫替丁片联合埃索美拉唑镁肠溶片及西沙必利片治疗NERD疗效可靠,安全,经济实惠。     

西沙必利对糖尿病胃肠运动功能障碍的影响

观察西沙必利对糖尿病患者胃肠运动功能障碍的影响。通过胃肠测压与胃电图同步检测的方法观察糖尿病患者服用西沙必利前后消化间期胃肠动力及胃电图的变化。结果服药前30例糖尿病患者中有21例缺乏MMC3期。服药2周后，21例中有11例恢复正常MMC3期。MMC3期和2期收缩液振幅较治疗前明显升高。胃电图治疗后表现为主频比（PDF）的增加。结论：西沙必利可促进消化间期胃肠动力，有利于糖尿病胃轻瘫的治疗。     

小肠气钡双对比造影法的研究

目的:研究一种新的、简便易行的小肠双对比造影法—无管法快速小肠气钡双对比造影法。初步评价其效果,并与传统口服钡剂小肠造影法相比较,同时比较西沙必利与胃复安在小肠双对比造影中的药效。方法:将产气粉装入小肠溶胶囊,口服并在小肠内崩解,释放二氧化碳气体,配合口服钡剂及西沙必利,形成小肠双对比像。选取100例拟行小肠造影检查者,随即分为研究组和对照组,研究组67例采用本法,对照组33例采用口服钡剂法加肌注胃复安。结果:研究组53例效果满意,12例基本满意,2例未观察到明显双对比效果,其中1例因吞咽困难无法检查,总有效率97.02%,平均检查时间34.63±16.66m in;对照组均为单钡造影效果,平均检查耗时77.12±32.98m in;两种检查方法耗用时间及两种药物的效果在统计学上具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:无管法快速小肠气钡双对比造影法确能形成良好的气钡双对比像,小肠观察效果较口服钡剂法有明显提高;西沙必利较胃复安药效更好、更安全。     

Cisapride treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux in children: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

The aim of the systematic review was to determine the effect of cisapride compared with placebo or other non-surgical therapies for the treatment of symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux in children. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Science Citation Index and reference lists for randomized controlled trials which compared cisapride with placebo or other non-surgical therapy in children. We included only trials which reported reflux-related symptoms as an outcome, provided that cisapride was administered orally for at least I week. Seven trials (286 children in total) compared cisapride with placebo. Two trials reported good concealment of treatment allocation. The pooled odds ratio for the 'same or worse' symptoms was 0.34 (95% CI 0.10, 1.19). There was substantial heterogeneity between studies (P < 0.00001) and the funnel plot was asymmetrical. Adverse effects (mainly diarrhoea) were not significantly increased with cisapride (pooled odds ratio (OR) 1.80: 0.87, 3.70). The reflux index was significantly reduced in children treated with cisapride (weighted mean difference -6.49: -10.13, -2.85). One study (50 children) compared cisapride with gaviscon plus carobel: the OR for the 'same or worse' symptoms was 3.26 (0.93, 11.38). There was no clear evidence that cisapride reduced symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux. As smaller, poorer quality studies were biased in favour of a positive treatment effect, the pooled OR overestimated the potential benefits of cisapride. There was some evidence to suggest that gaviscon plus carobel may be a more effective option than cisapride.